Cellular Mechanisms in the Amygdala Involved in Memory
... The most detailed behavioral studies from bilateral lesion of the primate temporal lobe suggest that the temporal lobe including amygadala is involved in processing emotion (Klüver & Bucy, 1937). In this study, monkeys with bilateral temporal lobe lesions tried to eat inedible objects, to copulate w ...
... The most detailed behavioral studies from bilateral lesion of the primate temporal lobe suggest that the temporal lobe including amygadala is involved in processing emotion (Klüver & Bucy, 1937). In this study, monkeys with bilateral temporal lobe lesions tried to eat inedible objects, to copulate w ...
Turning on the alarm - Center for Healthy Minds
... transition from innocuous to painful levels of sensation will help us understand not only the neural response to danger but potentially conditions like chronic pain which are characterized by pain that does not provide any adaptively salient information. The primary objective of this study was to pr ...
... transition from innocuous to painful levels of sensation will help us understand not only the neural response to danger but potentially conditions like chronic pain which are characterized by pain that does not provide any adaptively salient information. The primary objective of this study was to pr ...
The Neurobehavioral Nature of Fishes and the
... differences between ourselves and another organisms increases. Most scientists familiar with higher nervous system functions would not attribute human mental states and experiences to an earthworm or an ameba. However, the matter is more troublesome when we are observing the behavior of other verteb ...
... differences between ourselves and another organisms increases. Most scientists familiar with higher nervous system functions would not attribute human mental states and experiences to an earthworm or an ameba. However, the matter is more troublesome when we are observing the behavior of other verteb ...
Normalization in human somatosensory cortex
... visual cortical area MT (Simoncelli and Heeger 1998), inferotemporal cortex (Zoccolan et al. 2005), and primary auditory cortex (e.g., Rabinowitz et al. 2011), multisensory integration in MST (Ohshiro et al. 2011), the representation of value in LIP (Louie and Glimcher 2010), responses of neurons in ...
... visual cortical area MT (Simoncelli and Heeger 1998), inferotemporal cortex (Zoccolan et al. 2005), and primary auditory cortex (e.g., Rabinowitz et al. 2011), multisensory integration in MST (Ohshiro et al. 2011), the representation of value in LIP (Louie and Glimcher 2010), responses of neurons in ...
High-Level Visual Processing: Cognitive Influences
... (Figure 28–4). For cells that respond to the sight of a hand, individual fingers are particularly critical. Among cells that respond to faces, the most effective stimulus for some cells is the frontal view of the face, whereas for others it is the side view. Although some neurons respond preferentia ...
... (Figure 28–4). For cells that respond to the sight of a hand, individual fingers are particularly critical. Among cells that respond to faces, the most effective stimulus for some cells is the frontal view of the face, whereas for others it is the side view. Although some neurons respond preferentia ...
Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience 1.1 Multiple Choice 1) The mind
... A) Consumption of a placebo pill changes our vision. B) Damage to the brain can alter our self-awareness. C) Inhalation of certain gases renders us aware of the environment. D) Our awareness levels change with our emotional states. E) Consciousness is similar across organisms with very different bra ...
... A) Consumption of a placebo pill changes our vision. B) Damage to the brain can alter our self-awareness. C) Inhalation of certain gases renders us aware of the environment. D) Our awareness levels change with our emotional states. E) Consciousness is similar across organisms with very different bra ...
Neuron
... (Petrides and Pandya, 1994; Schall, 1997; Tehovnik et al., 2000). The human FEF has been assigned to Brodmann’s cytoarchitectonic area 6 (BA 6) (Brodmann, 1909) by recent neuroimaging studies (Paus, 1996; Corbetta et al., 1998; Luna et al., 1998), whereas the monkey FEF has been assigned to BA 8 (Br ...
... (Petrides and Pandya, 1994; Schall, 1997; Tehovnik et al., 2000). The human FEF has been assigned to Brodmann’s cytoarchitectonic area 6 (BA 6) (Brodmann, 1909) by recent neuroimaging studies (Paus, 1996; Corbetta et al., 1998; Luna et al., 1998), whereas the monkey FEF has been assigned to BA 8 (Br ...
Rewardcircuit - URMC - University of Rochester
... differ. Particularly relevant for this chapter is area 11 in the monkey, which is part of the OFC and does not reach the midline, whereas in the human PFC, area 11 does. In contrast, area 14 of the OFC lies on the ventral surface at the midline in monkeys, but may not be a designated area in some hu ...
... differ. Particularly relevant for this chapter is area 11 in the monkey, which is part of the OFC and does not reach the midline, whereas in the human PFC, area 11 does. In contrast, area 14 of the OFC lies on the ventral surface at the midline in monkeys, but may not be a designated area in some hu ...
31 - UCL
... These maps (and data from other species) suggest that the parcellation of most of the cortex has not changed radically during the evolution of the primate order. Notably, there does not seem to be any significant increase in regions where modalities overlap; rather, modality-specific areas have inc ...
... These maps (and data from other species) suggest that the parcellation of most of the cortex has not changed radically during the evolution of the primate order. Notably, there does not seem to be any significant increase in regions where modalities overlap; rather, modality-specific areas have inc ...
Section 1: Anatomy of the sensorimotor system
... There is currently controversy over exactly how many cortical motor areas exist. This is further confounded by disagreement over what criteria should be used to define a motor area. Proposed criteria include requirements that a motor area has projections to spinal motor neurons and a full representa ...
... There is currently controversy over exactly how many cortical motor areas exist. This is further confounded by disagreement over what criteria should be used to define a motor area. Proposed criteria include requirements that a motor area has projections to spinal motor neurons and a full representa ...
Acceleration of visually cued conditioned fear through the
... run on the data collected after either one or three fear conditioning sessions. The ANOVA on the data collected after one fear conditioning session showed a significant effect of group (F = 2.7, P = 0.05) and time (habituation versus cue; F = 87.1, P < 0.001) as well as a significant interaction bet ...
... run on the data collected after either one or three fear conditioning sessions. The ANOVA on the data collected after one fear conditioning session showed a significant effect of group (F = 2.7, P = 0.05) and time (habituation versus cue; F = 87.1, P < 0.001) as well as a significant interaction bet ...
the primate amygdala: neuronal representations of
... 2001). Almost nothing is known, however, about whether aspects of food other than taste and smell are represented in the amygdala. The texture of food is important in its palatability and acceptability (Bourne, 2002, consider e.g. damp cereal or potato chips), and temperature may also be important ( ...
... 2001). Almost nothing is known, however, about whether aspects of food other than taste and smell are represented in the amygdala. The texture of food is important in its palatability and acceptability (Bourne, 2002, consider e.g. damp cereal or potato chips), and temperature may also be important ( ...
CLASSICAL AND INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING: THE
... findings was obtained by Soltysik, who has shown that the "indirect" connections of Wyrwicka were mediated by the drive or emotional tenter - fear center in defensive reflexes and hunger center in alimentary reflexes (Fig. 4, right). My present concept concerning instrumental conditioning is basical ...
... findings was obtained by Soltysik, who has shown that the "indirect" connections of Wyrwicka were mediated by the drive or emotional tenter - fear center in defensive reflexes and hunger center in alimentary reflexes (Fig. 4, right). My present concept concerning instrumental conditioning is basical ...
The amygdala: securing pleasure and avoiding pain
... the amygdala, nor the impact that processing in this structure has on the motivational limbic corticostriatal circuitry of which it is an important structure. Here we discuss the interactions between different amygdala nuclei with cortical and striatal regions involved in motivation; interconnection ...
... the amygdala, nor the impact that processing in this structure has on the motivational limbic corticostriatal circuitry of which it is an important structure. Here we discuss the interactions between different amygdala nuclei with cortical and striatal regions involved in motivation; interconnection ...
Visual Memory and Visual Perception Recruit
... (A) Modality-specific processing regions, demarcated in black, include visual, auditory, motor, and olfactory. It should be noted that the ventral visual pathway traverses the inferior occipital and temporal cortex (see text) but is shown in the lateral view for illustrative purposes. Unless otherwi ...
... (A) Modality-specific processing regions, demarcated in black, include visual, auditory, motor, and olfactory. It should be noted that the ventral visual pathway traverses the inferior occipital and temporal cortex (see text) but is shown in the lateral view for illustrative purposes. Unless otherwi ...
Segregation and convergence of specialised pathways in
... At the level of cortical area V2, the various visual inputs to the cortex have reorganised to form 3 distinct channels. Anatomically these are embodied in the thick and thin dark stripes, and paler interstripes characteristic of cytochrome oxidase architecture. Do the outputs of these compartments r ...
... At the level of cortical area V2, the various visual inputs to the cortex have reorganised to form 3 distinct channels. Anatomically these are embodied in the thick and thin dark stripes, and paler interstripes characteristic of cytochrome oxidase architecture. Do the outputs of these compartments r ...
Broken Mirrors: A Theory of Autism
... ability to construct a “theory of other minds.” Frith and Baron-Cohen argue that specialized neural circuitry in the brain allows us to create sophisticated hypotheses about the inner workings of other people’s minds. These hypotheses, in turn, enable us to make useful predictions about others’ beha ...
... ability to construct a “theory of other minds.” Frith and Baron-Cohen argue that specialized neural circuitry in the brain allows us to create sophisticated hypotheses about the inner workings of other people’s minds. These hypotheses, in turn, enable us to make useful predictions about others’ beha ...
Interactive Brainstem 2 - Stritch School of Medicine
... What hemisphere? How can you test laterality of language? How can temporal horn lesions cause vision deficits? ...
... What hemisphere? How can you test laterality of language? How can temporal horn lesions cause vision deficits? ...
free - Piero Scaruffi
... create the first PET (positron emission tomography) scans that allow scientists to map brain function 5. 1990: Seiji Ogawa's "functional MRI" measures brain activity based on blood flow ...
... create the first PET (positron emission tomography) scans that allow scientists to map brain function 5. 1990: Seiji Ogawa's "functional MRI" measures brain activity based on blood flow ...
Arterial Blood Supply to the Auditory Cortex of the Chinchilla
... often referred to as a blood oxygen level- dependent (BOLD) effect. In our experimental work, using optical imaging of intrinsic signals in the auditory cortex, we have used a chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger) animal model (6, 7). However, to date there has been no systematic study of the arterial blo ...
... often referred to as a blood oxygen level- dependent (BOLD) effect. In our experimental work, using optical imaging of intrinsic signals in the auditory cortex, we have used a chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger) animal model (6, 7). However, to date there has been no systematic study of the arterial blo ...
Does Mental Activity Change the Oxidative Metabolism of the Brain?
... and posterior thalamus. These focal metabolic increases were so strong that the CMRO, of the whole brain increased by 10%. The rCBF increased proportionally in these active fields and structures, such that d(rCBF) in ml/100 gm/min = 11.1 d(rCMR0,). Thus, a dynamic coupling of the rCBF to the rCMR0, ...
... and posterior thalamus. These focal metabolic increases were so strong that the CMRO, of the whole brain increased by 10%. The rCBF increased proportionally in these active fields and structures, such that d(rCBF) in ml/100 gm/min = 11.1 d(rCMR0,). Thus, a dynamic coupling of the rCBF to the rCMR0, ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity of
... functional connectivity in PTSD, we hypothesized altered functional connectivity based on systems for associative fear learning such as contextual fear conditioning and extinction retention (Milad et al, 2007), which are wellrecognized models of PTSD (Jovanovic and Ressler, 2010). The prefrontal and ...
... functional connectivity in PTSD, we hypothesized altered functional connectivity based on systems for associative fear learning such as contextual fear conditioning and extinction retention (Milad et al, 2007), which are wellrecognized models of PTSD (Jovanovic and Ressler, 2010). The prefrontal and ...
The neural representation of plural discourse entities
... fMRI to investigate the neural representation of reference processing (in addition to semantic coherence). This study contained three conditions of interest to the current discussion: referential ambiguity (e.g., Ronald told Frank that he . . .), failure (Rose told Emily that he . . .), and coherenc ...
... fMRI to investigate the neural representation of reference processing (in addition to semantic coherence). This study contained three conditions of interest to the current discussion: referential ambiguity (e.g., Ronald told Frank that he . . .), failure (Rose told Emily that he . . .), and coherenc ...