CORTICAL AFFERENT INPUT TO THE PRINCIPALS REGION OF THE RHESUS MONKEY H.
... discrimination.3JI'81'94 Because of its anatomic connections and physiologic properties, the dorsolateral cortex has hitherto been considered as a large polymodal region. However, very few dorsolateral neurons are truly polysensory, with the majority responding either to visual or auditory stimuli, ...
... discrimination.3JI'81'94 Because of its anatomic connections and physiologic properties, the dorsolateral cortex has hitherto been considered as a large polymodal region. However, very few dorsolateral neurons are truly polysensory, with the majority responding either to visual or auditory stimuli, ...
Representation of Umami Taste in the Human Brain
... Representation of umami taste in the human brain. J Neurophysiol 90: 313–319, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00669.2002. Umami taste stimuli, of which an exemplar is monosodium glutamate (MSG) and which capture what is described as the taste of protein, were shown using functional MRI (fMRI) to activate similar c ...
... Representation of umami taste in the human brain. J Neurophysiol 90: 313–319, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00669.2002. Umami taste stimuli, of which an exemplar is monosodium glutamate (MSG) and which capture what is described as the taste of protein, were shown using functional MRI (fMRI) to activate similar c ...
Fundamentals of Phobias
... A: Marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation (e.g., flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood) B: Exposure to the phobic stimulus almost invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response, ...
... A: Marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation (e.g., flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood) B: Exposure to the phobic stimulus almost invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response, ...
Representation of the Visual Field in the Human Occipital Cortex
... a pointing device independently by us, and the corresponding surface areas were calculated by the planimetric program available in the software. If there was a discrepancy in measurements between us, the mean surface area was used (in all study patients, the discrepancy between measurements was #30 ...
... a pointing device independently by us, and the corresponding surface areas were calculated by the planimetric program available in the software. If there was a discrepancy in measurements between us, the mean surface area was used (in all study patients, the discrepancy between measurements was #30 ...
mspn3a
... left facial nucleus. The patient would present with facial paralysis only on the lower half of the left side of the face since the nuclei supplying the upper half of the face receive inputs from both ipsilateral and contralateral sides. There may be some manifestations of weakness or paralysis in th ...
... left facial nucleus. The patient would present with facial paralysis only on the lower half of the left side of the face since the nuclei supplying the upper half of the face receive inputs from both ipsilateral and contralateral sides. There may be some manifestations of weakness or paralysis in th ...
Brief neonatal maternal separation alters extinction of conditioned
... (2000). On Day 1, rats were placed in the operant chambers and underwent fear conditioning. After a 3min acclimation period, rats received five habituation trials consisting of presentation of a 30-s tone (4.5kHz, 80 db). Rats then underwent fear conditioning, consisting of seven pairings of the tone ...
... (2000). On Day 1, rats were placed in the operant chambers and underwent fear conditioning. After a 3min acclimation period, rats received five habituation trials consisting of presentation of a 30-s tone (4.5kHz, 80 db). Rats then underwent fear conditioning, consisting of seven pairings of the tone ...
RESEARCH ARTICLE Perception of Emotion in Musical Performance in Adolescents
... response to it when compared with typical children [Don et al., 1999; Levitin et al., 2004], though this may be largely due to the fact that they are less inhibited than typical children, so they express their emotions more. In the present experiment, we manipulated the expressivity of piano perform ...
... response to it when compared with typical children [Don et al., 1999; Levitin et al., 2004], though this may be largely due to the fact that they are less inhibited than typical children, so they express their emotions more. In the present experiment, we manipulated the expressivity of piano perform ...
Evidence of Basal Temporo-occipital Cortex
... correlation from uncorrelation, and they show a longer latency than responses found in the pericalcarine cortex. Our findings indicate that the fusiform area is involved in the processing of the stereoscopic information and shows responses that suggest a high level of stereoscopic processing. ...
... correlation from uncorrelation, and they show a longer latency than responses found in the pericalcarine cortex. Our findings indicate that the fusiform area is involved in the processing of the stereoscopic information and shows responses that suggest a high level of stereoscopic processing. ...
Hedonic Hotspots Regulate Cingulate-driven
... participants turned out to have made more than 5% response omissions. These participants were excluded from further analyses, resulting in 20 participants (0.8% response omissions on average) included for the behavioral and fMRI analysis. Correct reaction time (RT) and error rate were analyzed with ...
... participants turned out to have made more than 5% response omissions. These participants were excluded from further analyses, resulting in 20 participants (0.8% response omissions on average) included for the behavioral and fMRI analysis. Correct reaction time (RT) and error rate were analyzed with ...
Cell Density in the Border Zone Around Old Small Human Brain
... were selected among the total number of neuroautopsy cases performed at the Institute of Neuropathology of Rigshospitalet from 1979 to 1984. After immersion fixation in formalin for at least two weeks, the cerebral hemispheres were separated from the brain stem and cerebellum by transection through ...
... were selected among the total number of neuroautopsy cases performed at the Institute of Neuropathology of Rigshospitalet from 1979 to 1984. After immersion fixation in formalin for at least two weeks, the cerebral hemispheres were separated from the brain stem and cerebellum by transection through ...
PDF
... and that neural activity is correlated with spatial attention allocation to stimuli associated with reward. Of course, subjects often exhibit enhanced attention to stimuli threatening aversive events, a behavior that may be mediated by the amygdala as well. In humans, an intact amygdala is vital for ...
... and that neural activity is correlated with spatial attention allocation to stimuli associated with reward. Of course, subjects often exhibit enhanced attention to stimuli threatening aversive events, a behavior that may be mediated by the amygdala as well. In humans, an intact amygdala is vital for ...
Frequency-Dependent Processing in the Vibrissa Sensory System
... In the final section, I hypothesize that distinct low- and high-frequency processing modes may exist in the somatosensory cortex (SI), such that neural responses to stimuli at 1– 40 Hz do not necessarily predict responses to higher frequency inputs. In total, these studies show that several frequenc ...
... In the final section, I hypothesize that distinct low- and high-frequency processing modes may exist in the somatosensory cortex (SI), such that neural responses to stimuli at 1– 40 Hz do not necessarily predict responses to higher frequency inputs. In total, these studies show that several frequenc ...
Basic functional neuroanatomy
... with pathological findings, either after death or in images of the living brain. Many disorders affecting the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum are diagnosed in this way, working from the assumption that particular functions are carried out in localized regions of the central nervous system. 2 ...
... with pathological findings, either after death or in images of the living brain. Many disorders affecting the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum are diagnosed in this way, working from the assumption that particular functions are carried out in localized regions of the central nervous system. 2 ...
The role of ventral premotor cortex in action execution and action
... mental imagery of grasping movements (Decety et al., 1994; Grafton et al., 1996a,b), during preparation of finger movements on the basis of a copied movement (Krams et al., 1998), during imagery and performance of visually guided movements (Binkofski et al., 2000; Toni et al., 2001). The vPMC was als ...
... mental imagery of grasping movements (Decety et al., 1994; Grafton et al., 1996a,b), during preparation of finger movements on the basis of a copied movement (Krams et al., 1998), during imagery and performance of visually guided movements (Binkofski et al., 2000; Toni et al., 2001). The vPMC was als ...
Brain Development
... LH damage: better chance for recovery of language functions than males Recent fMRI evidence suggests that some but not all language functions may be less lateralized to the left hemisphere in females ...
... LH damage: better chance for recovery of language functions than males Recent fMRI evidence suggests that some but not all language functions may be less lateralized to the left hemisphere in females ...
Drives and emotions: the hypothalamus and limbic system
... visceral structures through its control over the pituitary gland (see Fig. 23-10). It can also stimulate somatic responses through connections with limbic structures that interconnect the hypothalamus and neocortex. The latter are two-way connections, providing us with a degree of voluntary control ...
... visceral structures through its control over the pituitary gland (see Fig. 23-10). It can also stimulate somatic responses through connections with limbic structures that interconnect the hypothalamus and neocortex. The latter are two-way connections, providing us with a degree of voluntary control ...
neurotransmitters 101
... The brain’s 100 billion neurons connect the various organs and brain regions into a complex network of circuits that control specific functions within the body. Simply speaking, these circuits serve as on/off switches for the millions of messages and processes carried out on a daily basis. For examp ...
... The brain’s 100 billion neurons connect the various organs and brain regions into a complex network of circuits that control specific functions within the body. Simply speaking, these circuits serve as on/off switches for the millions of messages and processes carried out on a daily basis. For examp ...
Disproportion of cerebral surface areas and volumes in
... National Hospital or the Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy. Patient details are given in Table 1. There was no significant difference between the ages of the controls and the ages of the patients (Mann–Whitney, two-tailed, P . 0.2). ...
... National Hospital or the Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy. Patient details are given in Table 1. There was no significant difference between the ages of the controls and the ages of the patients (Mann–Whitney, two-tailed, P . 0.2). ...
What We Know and Do Not Know about the Functions of the
... oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activity in human OFC during the selection of actions leading to different outcomes is modulated as a result of reinforcer devaluation (Valentin et al., 2007). Similarly, two different laboratories have shown that neurons in rat OFC fire differentially for left and ...
... oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activity in human OFC during the selection of actions leading to different outcomes is modulated as a result of reinforcer devaluation (Valentin et al., 2007). Similarly, two different laboratories have shown that neurons in rat OFC fire differentially for left and ...
The brain timewise: how timing shapes and supports brain function
... An interesting question is how the different temporal scales have emerged in the human brain during evolution and ontogeny. Evolutionary pressure has arisen from the necessity of the organism, for its survival and reproduction, to perceive and act in the dynamical environment. Additional temporal co ...
... An interesting question is how the different temporal scales have emerged in the human brain during evolution and ontogeny. Evolutionary pressure has arisen from the necessity of the organism, for its survival and reproduction, to perceive and act in the dynamical environment. Additional temporal co ...
Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults
... asked to encode new information (intentional learning), they normally process it by retrieving information from semantic memory, and when they are asked to retrieve information from semantic memory, they normally encode the retrieval cues and retrieved information into episodic memory (incidental le ...
... asked to encode new information (intentional learning), they normally process it by retrieving information from semantic memory, and when they are asked to retrieve information from semantic memory, they normally encode the retrieval cues and retrieved information into episodic memory (incidental le ...
Cortical surface area and cortical thickness in the precuneus
... attention in the last decade (Margulies et al., 2009; Zhang and Li, 2012). For long time parietal areas have been somehow neglected in terms of comparative neuroanatomy and functional analyses, at least when compared with other cortical districts that have received more consideration through the his ...
... attention in the last decade (Margulies et al., 2009; Zhang and Li, 2012). For long time parietal areas have been somehow neglected in terms of comparative neuroanatomy and functional analyses, at least when compared with other cortical districts that have received more consideration through the his ...
Visual Properties of Neurons in a Polysensory Area in Superior
... to visual and auditory stimuli, 17% responded to visual and somesthetic stimuli, 17% were trimodal, and 41% were exclusively visual. 3. Almost all the visual receptive fields extended into both visual half-fields, and the majority approached the size of the visual field of the monkey, including both ...
... to visual and auditory stimuli, 17% responded to visual and somesthetic stimuli, 17% were trimodal, and 41% were exclusively visual. 3. Almost all the visual receptive fields extended into both visual half-fields, and the majority approached the size of the visual field of the monkey, including both ...
The dual-pathway model of auditory signal
... selectivity respond to speed and direction of stimulus motions[7]. Some striking similarities have been revealed between the human visual cortex and the monkey visual cortex by functional brain-imaging studies. Functional brain imaging techniques using positron emission tomography (PET) and function ...
... selectivity respond to speed and direction of stimulus motions[7]. Some striking similarities have been revealed between the human visual cortex and the monkey visual cortex by functional brain-imaging studies. Functional brain imaging techniques using positron emission tomography (PET) and function ...
Attention maps in the brain - Site BU
... and turns back on when it reaches a target of interest, requiring that the attentional spotlight switch between targets multiple times per second. The speed limit of the attentional switching is a major point of debate in this literature. When subjects intentionally move their attentional spotlight, ...
... and turns back on when it reaches a target of interest, requiring that the attentional spotlight switch between targets multiple times per second. The speed limit of the attentional switching is a major point of debate in this literature. When subjects intentionally move their attentional spotlight, ...