Planetary Configurations
... • Recall escape speed: • The Sch. Radius (RS) is the distance at which vesc=c for a BH: ...
... • Recall escape speed: • The Sch. Radius (RS) is the distance at which vesc=c for a BH: ...
1. a) Astronomers use the parallax method to measure
... of galaxies? (Your method should include all of the mass, not just the mass of the luminous matter.) We measure masses by seeing how fast things orbit each other. In this case the galaxies in the clusters are orbiting around each other. We have to measure their orbital speeds and distances from the ...
... of galaxies? (Your method should include all of the mass, not just the mass of the luminous matter.) We measure masses by seeing how fast things orbit each other. In this case the galaxies in the clusters are orbiting around each other. We have to measure their orbital speeds and distances from the ...
final review sheet
... 1) A star which appears blue is hotter than a red star because of the Doppler shift. 2) For two stars in a binary orbit, the center of mass will be closer to the more massive one. 3) If the distance between the Sun and the Earth increased by a factor of 2, the Sun’s luminosity would decrease by a fa ...
... 1) A star which appears blue is hotter than a red star because of the Doppler shift. 2) For two stars in a binary orbit, the center of mass will be closer to the more massive one. 3) If the distance between the Sun and the Earth increased by a factor of 2, the Sun’s luminosity would decrease by a fa ...
Chapter 15 Stars, Galaxies
... 8. d 9. b 10. a 11. c 12. a. Protostar b. Supergiant c. Supernova d. Black Hole e. Stars that are the most massive become black holes. Stars that are less massive but still high-mass stars become neutron stars. f. They all start out as a part of nebulas that contract to form protostars. g. Low-mass ...
... 8. d 9. b 10. a 11. c 12. a. Protostar b. Supergiant c. Supernova d. Black Hole e. Stars that are the most massive become black holes. Stars that are less massive but still high-mass stars become neutron stars. f. They all start out as a part of nebulas that contract to form protostars. g. Low-mass ...
Lecture 18
... Takes the Sun 200million years to orbit Milky Way. Sun is 4600 million years old. The Sun is 23 Galactic Years Old. ...
... Takes the Sun 200million years to orbit Milky Way. Sun is 4600 million years old. The Sun is 23 Galactic Years Old. ...
PHYS 175 (2014) Final Examination Name: ___SOLUTION_____
... c) Such stars are unstable and are about to become supernovae. ...
... c) Such stars are unstable and are about to become supernovae. ...
Study Guide for Stars and the Universe Test
... The steps involved in the life cycle of a medium and a high mass star The stellar evolution of the Sun The definition of supernova, black hole, and neutron star ...
... The steps involved in the life cycle of a medium and a high mass star The stellar evolution of the Sun The definition of supernova, black hole, and neutron star ...
Mysterious transient objects - NCRA
... Most luminous events in the universe since big bang Flashes of gamma-rays from random directions in sky Few milliseconds to few seconds timescale Even 100 times more energetic than supernovae Brightest sources of cosmic gamma-ray photons in the universe In universe roughly 1 GRB is detected pe ...
... Most luminous events in the universe since big bang Flashes of gamma-rays from random directions in sky Few milliseconds to few seconds timescale Even 100 times more energetic than supernovae Brightest sources of cosmic gamma-ray photons in the universe In universe roughly 1 GRB is detected pe ...
The Supernova`s Secrets Cracked at Last? Most stars end their lives
... The Supernova's Secrets Cracked at Last? Most stars end their lives in a whimper — our own sun will almost certainly be one of them — but the most massive stars go out with an impressive bang. When that happens, creating what's known as a Type II supernova, the associated blast of energy is so brill ...
... The Supernova's Secrets Cracked at Last? Most stars end their lives in a whimper — our own sun will almost certainly be one of them — but the most massive stars go out with an impressive bang. When that happens, creating what's known as a Type II supernova, the associated blast of energy is so brill ...
Study Guide Ch10,11 and 12
... nucleus of our Galaxy, and what is the probable explanation? 7. Describe the factors involved in galactic formation, including the role of collisions between galaxies. 8. Be able to identify a galaxy by its shape, according to the Hubble sequence. 9. Compare and contrast elliptical galaxies and spir ...
... nucleus of our Galaxy, and what is the probable explanation? 7. Describe the factors involved in galactic formation, including the role of collisions between galaxies. 8. Be able to identify a galaxy by its shape, according to the Hubble sequence. 9. Compare and contrast elliptical galaxies and spir ...
Word - Sam Davyson
... This result makes sense as if = 0 then the ratio of the distances is 1, implying that they are the same. And also if > 0 then the answer will always be greater than 1 suggesting a greater observed than emitted distance. Once again the is determined from the movement of the black lines in th ...
... This result makes sense as if = 0 then the ratio of the distances is 1, implying that they are the same. And also if > 0 then the answer will always be greater than 1 suggesting a greater observed than emitted distance. Once again the is determined from the movement of the black lines in th ...
Compare the following sets of stars using the words: BRIGHTER or
... 25. Place the following waves in order from lowest frequency (longer wavelengths) to highest frequency (shorter wavelengths): Ultraviolet, Radio, X-ray, Visible light, Gamma, Infrared Radio, Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma 26. What is wavelength and how does it determine frequency ...
... 25. Place the following waves in order from lowest frequency (longer wavelengths) to highest frequency (shorter wavelengths): Ultraviolet, Radio, X-ray, Visible light, Gamma, Infrared Radio, Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma 26. What is wavelength and how does it determine frequency ...
Chapter 25 - OG
... Red Supergiant - core contracts – causes temp to increase then COOLS Supernova : outer portion of star explodes (def = huge explosion that destroys a star) ▪ Neutron Star – consists only of Neutrons in dense core ▪ Black Hole – core collapses until there is no volume – gravity so great nothing c ...
... Red Supergiant - core contracts – causes temp to increase then COOLS Supernova : outer portion of star explodes (def = huge explosion that destroys a star) ▪ Neutron Star – consists only of Neutrons in dense core ▪ Black Hole – core collapses until there is no volume – gravity so great nothing c ...
Galaxies - schoolphysics
... sand 1mm across then on the same scale our galaxy would be a disc with a diameter of some 80 m and the nearest galaxy would be about 1500 m away. Each galaxy contains thousands of millions of stars but they are so far away that it takes a powerful telescope to see them clearly as individual points o ...
... sand 1mm across then on the same scale our galaxy would be a disc with a diameter of some 80 m and the nearest galaxy would be about 1500 m away. Each galaxy contains thousands of millions of stars but they are so far away that it takes a powerful telescope to see them clearly as individual points o ...
KEY Unit 10‐11 Test Review: Characteristics of the Universe
... than those in galaxies closer to the Earth. Astronomers theorize this is occurring because distant galaxies are moving _AWAY__ from Earth faster than galaxies that are nearby. 10. Betelgeuse is one of the brightest stars in the night sky even though it is 640 LY from Earth. Barnard‛s Star, on the ...
... than those in galaxies closer to the Earth. Astronomers theorize this is occurring because distant galaxies are moving _AWAY__ from Earth faster than galaxies that are nearby. 10. Betelgeuse is one of the brightest stars in the night sky even though it is 640 LY from Earth. Barnard‛s Star, on the ...
Gamma-Ray Bursts and Puzzles of Core
... galaxies are corrected for the Galactic extinction. Effects of observational selection are as follows: the decrease of amount of measured spectroscopic z after z ≈ 1.2; the z values of host galaxies are mainly obtained by spectra of brighter galaxies. With regard to these effects, the R distribution ...
... galaxies are corrected for the Galactic extinction. Effects of observational selection are as follows: the decrease of amount of measured spectroscopic z after z ≈ 1.2; the z values of host galaxies are mainly obtained by spectra of brighter galaxies. With regard to these effects, the R distribution ...
Stars and Galaxies
... It may take several years for a spacecraft to reach other planets in our solar system. It may take several centuries to reach other stars in our galaxy. ...
... It may take several years for a spacecraft to reach other planets in our solar system. It may take several centuries to reach other stars in our galaxy. ...
PowerPoint - Chandra X
... NGC 1068: An active galaxy about 50 million light years from Earth. Chandra X-ray Observatory ACIS/HETGS image. ...
... NGC 1068: An active galaxy about 50 million light years from Earth. Chandra X-ray Observatory ACIS/HETGS image. ...
Gamma-ray burst
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are flashes of gamma rays associated with extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. Bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several hours. The initial burst is usually followed by a longer-lived ""afterglow"" emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave and radio).Most observed GRBs are believed to consist of a narrow beam of intense radiation released during a supernova or hypernova as a rapidly rotating, high-mass star collapses to form a neutron star, quark star, or black hole. A subclass of GRBs (the ""short"" bursts) appear to originate from a different process – this may be due to the merger of binary neutron stars. The cause of the precursor burst observed in some of these short events may be due to the development of a resonance between the crust and core of such stars as a result of the massive tidal forces experienced in the seconds leading up to their collision, causing the entire crust of the star to shatter.The sources of most GRBs are billions of light years away from Earth, implying that the explosions are both extremely energetic (a typical burst releases as much energy in a few seconds as the Sun will in its entire 10-billion-year lifetime) and extremely rare (a few per galaxy per million years). All observed GRBs have originated from outside the Milky Way galaxy, although a related class of phenomena, soft gamma repeater flares, are associated with magnetars within the Milky Way. It has been hypothesized that a gamma-ray burst in the Milky Way, pointing directly towards the Earth, could cause a mass extinction event.GRBs were first detected in 1967 by the Vela satellites, a series of satellites designed to detect covert nuclear weapons tests. Hundreds of theoretical models were proposed to explain these bursts in the years following their discovery, such as collisions between comets and neutron stars. Little information was available to verify these models until the 1997 detection of the first X-ray and optical afterglows and direct measurement of their redshifts using optical spectroscopy, and thus their distances and energy outputs. These discoveries, and subsequent studies of the galaxies and supernovae associated with the bursts, clarified the distance and luminosity of GRBs. These facts definitively placed them in distant galaxies and also connected long GRBs with the explosion of massive stars, the only possible source for the energy outputs observed.