WK10revisedoneweek
... the motions of the planets around the sun. •A comparison of the evolution and fate of high and low mass stars. •A description of Einstein’s Principle of Equivalence, its effects, and ...
... the motions of the planets around the sun. •A comparison of the evolution and fate of high and low mass stars. •A description of Einstein’s Principle of Equivalence, its effects, and ...
Measuring large distances
... As the other side turns away, its light is slightly red-shifted. The more shifting, the faster the rotational speed, the brighter the galaxy. Again, compare the brightness it should have with what is observed. ...
... As the other side turns away, its light is slightly red-shifted. The more shifting, the faster the rotational speed, the brighter the galaxy. Again, compare the brightness it should have with what is observed. ...
Stars and Galaxies
... far away that its structure is visible only through telescopes. The light from M31 has to travel about two and a half million light-years to reach us — about 15 quintillion miles — the number 15 followed by 18 zeroes. Yet even across such an enormous gulf, the galaxy is so bright that we can see it ...
... far away that its structure is visible only through telescopes. The light from M31 has to travel about two and a half million light-years to reach us — about 15 quintillion miles — the number 15 followed by 18 zeroes. Yet even across such an enormous gulf, the galaxy is so bright that we can see it ...
Galaxies and the Universe
... • At 0.5 c, 24% greater • At 0.9 c, 3 x greater • At 0.99 c, 12 x greater • At 0.999 c, 43 x greater • Each extra 9 more than triples the energy • Getting our 1000 ton ship to 0.9 c takes 1.1 x 1023 joules = U.S. energy use for 1100 years ...
... • At 0.5 c, 24% greater • At 0.9 c, 3 x greater • At 0.99 c, 12 x greater • At 0.999 c, 43 x greater • Each extra 9 more than triples the energy • Getting our 1000 ton ship to 0.9 c takes 1.1 x 1023 joules = U.S. energy use for 1100 years ...
Deep Space Objects
... around the centre of our galaxy. There are about 150 globular clusters in the Milky Way. On the other hand, ‘open’ clusters contain hundreds or sometimes a few thousand stars, recently formed in the beautiful multi-coloured clouds known as nebulas. Nebulas New stars form inside nebulas, clouds of ga ...
... around the centre of our galaxy. There are about 150 globular clusters in the Milky Way. On the other hand, ‘open’ clusters contain hundreds or sometimes a few thousand stars, recently formed in the beautiful multi-coloured clouds known as nebulas. Nebulas New stars form inside nebulas, clouds of ga ...
Bez tytułu slajdu
... RX J1856 in Optical Light This optical image of RX J1856.5-3754 portrays a crowded region of star formation. In comparison, the Chandra X-ray image shows that RX J1856 outshines all of the other sources in the field, indicating it is both extremely hot and very small. ...
... RX J1856 in Optical Light This optical image of RX J1856.5-3754 portrays a crowded region of star formation. In comparison, the Chandra X-ray image shows that RX J1856 outshines all of the other sources in the field, indicating it is both extremely hot and very small. ...
SNLS: SuperNova Legacy Survey
... Astronomer’s used various models to explain this acceleration - all of which used Einstein’s previously discarded cosmological constant or dark energy. Although we do not know what dark energy is exactly, it is now believed to make up about 75% of the universe. ...
... Astronomer’s used various models to explain this acceleration - all of which used Einstein’s previously discarded cosmological constant or dark energy. Although we do not know what dark energy is exactly, it is now believed to make up about 75% of the universe. ...
Stellar Nucleosynthesis
... of lithium, boron, and beryllium were created when the universe was created in the Big Bang. • The rest of the elements were produced as a result of fusion reactions in the core of stars- stellar necleosynthesis. ...
... of lithium, boron, and beryllium were created when the universe was created in the Big Bang. • The rest of the elements were produced as a result of fusion reactions in the core of stars- stellar necleosynthesis. ...
Gamma-Ray Bursts: The Brightest Explosions in the Universe Arne
... (Introduction to the The ultra-luminous Universe: Gamma-Ray Bursts and Active Galactic Nuclei Session) ...
... (Introduction to the The ultra-luminous Universe: Gamma-Ray Bursts and Active Galactic Nuclei Session) ...
The empirical grounds of SN
... 1. It is not clear whether or not only Hypernovae are capable to produce GRBs or also “standard” Ib/c events can do it (IIn??) 2. The distributions of the absolute mag at max of GRB/SNe and standard Ibc are statistically indistinguishable effect of scanty statistic? they derive from the same SN p ...
... 1. It is not clear whether or not only Hypernovae are capable to produce GRBs or also “standard” Ib/c events can do it (IIn??) 2. The distributions of the absolute mag at max of GRB/SNe and standard Ibc are statistically indistinguishable effect of scanty statistic? they derive from the same SN p ...
Standard Set 2 - Atascadero High School
... In the Sun, and in most stars, hydrogen fusion to form helium is the primary fusion reaction. Elements heavier than carbon are formed only in more massive stars and only during a brief period near the end of their lifetime. A different type of fusion is necessary to form elements heavier than iron. ...
... In the Sun, and in most stars, hydrogen fusion to form helium is the primary fusion reaction. Elements heavier than carbon are formed only in more massive stars and only during a brief period near the end of their lifetime. A different type of fusion is necessary to form elements heavier than iron. ...
Slide 1
... NB: This 1% is particularly large as compared with the same quantity in the solar system (e.g. Li, Be, B, are several orders less present). • Most CR are relativistic (even ultra-relativistic, > 10(20) eV, of most enigmatic origin). • Most are non-solar but still galactic. • Interstellar secundaries ...
... NB: This 1% is particularly large as compared with the same quantity in the solar system (e.g. Li, Be, B, are several orders less present). • Most CR are relativistic (even ultra-relativistic, > 10(20) eV, of most enigmatic origin). • Most are non-solar but still galactic. • Interstellar secundaries ...
Star Groups and Big Bang Power Point
... The Milky Way The galaxy in which we live, the Milky Way, is a spiral galaxy in which the sun is one of hundreds of billions of stars. Two irregular galaxies, the Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud, are our closest neighbors. These three galaxies are called the Local Group. ...
... The Milky Way The galaxy in which we live, the Milky Way, is a spiral galaxy in which the sun is one of hundreds of billions of stars. Two irregular galaxies, the Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud, are our closest neighbors. These three galaxies are called the Local Group. ...
PH109 Exploring the Uiverse, Test #4, Spring, 1999
... 26. Which of the following is an essential part of Einstein's explanation of gravity? (a) matter causes curvature of space (b) the gravity of a moving object varies with time (c) gravitational forces exist only over a limited distance (d) anti-matter has negative gravity 27. If the Sun were replaced ...
... 26. Which of the following is an essential part of Einstein's explanation of gravity? (a) matter causes curvature of space (b) the gravity of a moving object varies with time (c) gravitational forces exist only over a limited distance (d) anti-matter has negative gravity 27. If the Sun were replaced ...
Multiple choice test questions 2, Winter Semester
... anywhere from a few hours to a few weeks B) an object that emits flashes of light several times per second (or even faster), with near perfect regularity C) an object that emits random "pulses" of light, sometimes with only a fraction of a second between pulses and other times with several days betw ...
... anywhere from a few hours to a few weeks B) an object that emits flashes of light several times per second (or even faster), with near perfect regularity C) an object that emits random "pulses" of light, sometimes with only a fraction of a second between pulses and other times with several days betw ...
Learning Objectives Weeks 9-11 . 1. Know that star birth can begin
... Novae and thermonuclear supernovae both occur in close binary systems with a white dwarf, but a while a nova can recur a supernova is a one-shot event. 17. Like a white dwarf, a neutron star has an upper limit on its mass. For a neutron star to collapse, gravity must overwhelm both degeneracy pressu ...
... Novae and thermonuclear supernovae both occur in close binary systems with a white dwarf, but a while a nova can recur a supernova is a one-shot event. 17. Like a white dwarf, a neutron star has an upper limit on its mass. For a neutron star to collapse, gravity must overwhelm both degeneracy pressu ...
Document
... Bazars are powerful gamma-ray sources. The most powerful of them have equivalent isotropic luminosity 1049 erg/s. Collimation θ2/2 ~ 10-2 – 10-3. θ – jet opening angle. EGRET detected 66 (+27) sources of this type. New breakthrough is expected after the launch of GLAST. Several sources have been det ...
... Bazars are powerful gamma-ray sources. The most powerful of them have equivalent isotropic luminosity 1049 erg/s. Collimation θ2/2 ~ 10-2 – 10-3. θ – jet opening angle. EGRET detected 66 (+27) sources of this type. New breakthrough is expected after the launch of GLAST. Several sources have been det ...
astronomy - Mr. Barnard
... (1) to become a black hole (2) to shrink to a white dwarf then eventually expand to a red giant (3) to expand as a red giant, undergo a nova outburst and end as a white dwarf (4) become hotter and expand into a blue supergiant ____4. Eventually the sun is expected to become a (1) blue supergiant (3) ...
... (1) to become a black hole (2) to shrink to a white dwarf then eventually expand to a red giant (3) to expand as a red giant, undergo a nova outburst and end as a white dwarf (4) become hotter and expand into a blue supergiant ____4. Eventually the sun is expected to become a (1) blue supergiant (3) ...
Chapter 18 The Bizarre Stellar Graveyard What is a white dwarf
... • What can happen to a neutron star in a close binary system? – The accretion disk around a neutron star gets hot enough to produce X-rays, making the system an X-ray binary – Sudden fusion events periodically occur on a the surface of an accreting neutron star, producing X-ray bursts ...
... • What can happen to a neutron star in a close binary system? – The accretion disk around a neutron star gets hot enough to produce X-rays, making the system an X-ray binary – Sudden fusion events periodically occur on a the surface of an accreting neutron star, producing X-ray bursts ...
Star formation, feedback and the role of SNe II and SNe Ia in the
... originally thought to be very similar in their metallicity and star formation histories to the galactic globular clusters, but their star formation history is now known to be much more complex. ...
... originally thought to be very similar in their metallicity and star formation histories to the galactic globular clusters, but their star formation history is now known to be much more complex. ...
Vasiliki Pavlidou - Center for Particle and Gravitational Astrophysics
... nearby transient (merger between compact objects ?) GLAST detects it as a very bright transient gamma-ray source. Follow up with Cherenkov detectors - high angular resolution. LIGO detects gravitational wave emission; nature of progenitor known at high confidence A success story Low-energy m ...
... nearby transient (merger between compact objects ?) GLAST detects it as a very bright transient gamma-ray source. Follow up with Cherenkov detectors - high angular resolution. LIGO detects gravitational wave emission; nature of progenitor known at high confidence A success story Low-energy m ...
Gamma-ray burst
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are flashes of gamma rays associated with extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. Bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several hours. The initial burst is usually followed by a longer-lived ""afterglow"" emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave and radio).Most observed GRBs are believed to consist of a narrow beam of intense radiation released during a supernova or hypernova as a rapidly rotating, high-mass star collapses to form a neutron star, quark star, or black hole. A subclass of GRBs (the ""short"" bursts) appear to originate from a different process – this may be due to the merger of binary neutron stars. The cause of the precursor burst observed in some of these short events may be due to the development of a resonance between the crust and core of such stars as a result of the massive tidal forces experienced in the seconds leading up to their collision, causing the entire crust of the star to shatter.The sources of most GRBs are billions of light years away from Earth, implying that the explosions are both extremely energetic (a typical burst releases as much energy in a few seconds as the Sun will in its entire 10-billion-year lifetime) and extremely rare (a few per galaxy per million years). All observed GRBs have originated from outside the Milky Way galaxy, although a related class of phenomena, soft gamma repeater flares, are associated with magnetars within the Milky Way. It has been hypothesized that a gamma-ray burst in the Milky Way, pointing directly towards the Earth, could cause a mass extinction event.GRBs were first detected in 1967 by the Vela satellites, a series of satellites designed to detect covert nuclear weapons tests. Hundreds of theoretical models were proposed to explain these bursts in the years following their discovery, such as collisions between comets and neutron stars. Little information was available to verify these models until the 1997 detection of the first X-ray and optical afterglows and direct measurement of their redshifts using optical spectroscopy, and thus their distances and energy outputs. These discoveries, and subsequent studies of the galaxies and supernovae associated with the bursts, clarified the distance and luminosity of GRBs. These facts definitively placed them in distant galaxies and also connected long GRBs with the explosion of massive stars, the only possible source for the energy outputs observed.