Download KEY​ Unit 10‐11 Test Review: Characteristics of the Universe

KEY​
Unit 10‐11 Test Review: Characteristics of the Universe Approx: 75% Reworded Test Questions 1. Stars form inside giant clouds of gas and dust. What are these giant clouds of gas
and dust called?
​
NEBULA
​
2. The Andromeda Galaxy is moving toward the Milky Way, and light being emitted
from it has a blue shift. What property of the light has changed to allow it to have
a blue shift? ​
FREQUENCY & Wavelength
3. Light travels at 300,000 km/sec. Visible light and microwaves are both forms of
electromagnetic waves. Microwaves have a wavelength that is about 1000 times
longer than visible light. How ​
FAST do microwaves travel​
?​
300,000 km/sec..SAME
_________________________________________________________________
4. Identify the galaxies represented above (a-c).
A __​
​
SPIRAL​
___ B ___​
IRREGULAR_____
C ___ELLIPTICAL__
5. Where in the Milky Way is the Earth found? ​
NEAR THE OUTER EDGE
6. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way? ​
SPIRAL
_________________________________________________________________
7. According to the diagram, which of these star types have the most (greatest)
luminosity? ​
HOT MAIN SEQUENCE STAR
8. The Sun‛s luminosity and temperature place it in the middle of the _​
MAIN
SEQUENCE_​
area of the HR diagram.
9. Astronomers have noticed supernovas in distant galaxies have a greater ​
red shift
than those in galaxies closer to the Earth. Astronomers theorize this is occurring
because distant galaxies are moving ​
_AWAY__​
from Earth faster than galaxies that
are nearby.
10. Betelgeuse is one of the brightest stars in the night sky even though it is 640 LY
from Earth. Barnard‛s Star, on the other hand, is relatively close but is not visible to
the unaided eye. ​
This can be explained due to a ​
DIFFERENCE ​
in …​
…...
ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE​​
COLOR
TEMPERATURE
11. When a​
medium-sized star ​
uses up its hydrogen supply, it ​
changes (transitions) from
a main sequence star to a​ _​
RED GIANT​
_.
12. What scientific equipment is appropriate for determining the elements present in
distant objects in the universe? ​
SPECTRASCOPE
_________________________________________________________________
13. Based on the above diagram, which type of stars belong to spectral class K and have
the lowest luminosity? ​
MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS
14. Below, sequence our Sun's life cycle from the beginning to end.
1) Stellar Nebula, 2)Protostar,
3) Main Sequence,
4) Red Giant…. 5)
Planetary Nebula,
6)White Dwarf
and
7)Black Dwarf
15. A. Below, draw a large star and a small star. B Differentiate how they will utilize
their fuel. C. Explain the expected lifespan of both as they use their fuel.
​
LARGE STAR​
​
VS
SMALL STAR
​
Use fuel faster ​
Use fuel slower
​
Dies faster b/c uses fuel faster​
Lives longer b/c uses fuel slower
​
16.a. A Light Year measures _​
DISTANCE​
_​
light travels through a vacuum in a year.
b. If a star is 8.9 LY‛s away, how long would it take the light to be visible to us
when it reaches the Earth?​
8.9 Years
​
17.​Big Bang Theory ​
is the a theory of the origin of the _​
_​
UNIVERSE​
_​
__.
To support this idea, scientists have observed a _​
RED​
_ s​
hift of stars‛ light
which show stars are moving _​
AWAY​
_ from us.
18. ​
8.5A Atoms
Use a Periodic Table to complete information below about the elements Magnesium and
Sodium.
A. Label Atomic # and ​
Atomic Mass (*Round To Nearest Whole #)
B. MAGNESIUM ​
Protons = ​
12
Neutrons = ​
12 ​
Electrons = ​
12 ​
​ODIUM
S
Protons= ​
11
Neutrons= ​
12
Electrons= ​
11
C. Explain how you find the amount of neutrons for each.
​ You subtract the Atomic # from the Atomic Mass to find the missing neutron.
However, you must round the Atomic Mass to the nearest whole number.
EX: 24.3…..if it is .4 or lest you let the whole # rest…. result=24
22.8….if it is .5 or more, you raise the score of the whole #.....result=23
19. ​
8.11A Food Webs
​
A)__​
Producers​
___ make their own food through photosynthesis while __​
Consumers​
__
get their energy by eating other organisms and/or plants.
B) Compare Predator Vs Prey. Can a Predator can ever become a prey. Why or why
not?
Predator is a HunteR and eats the prey. Prey is the hunted who gets eaten. A
predator can become a prey. In the food web below, the salamander is a predator that
preys on dragonflies and mayflies. However, it becomes a prey when it is eaten by a
snake (predator)
C) The arrow in a food web represents the direction __​
ENERGY_​flows. It always
points to the __​
CONSUMER​
___ (consumer or producer).
D) Use the food web below. Which organism or organisms ​
PREY ON the salamander?
​SNAKE and BALD EAGLE