Chapter 20
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... Please note that due to differing operating systems, some animations will not appear until the presentation is viewed in presentation mode (Slide Show view). You may see blank slides in the “Normal” or “Slide Sorter” views. All animations will appear after viewing in Slide Show mode and playing eac ...
Module 1: HIV/AIDS: The Epidemic
... (RNA-ribonucleic acid). Each strand of the RNA has a copy of the virus’s genes Reverse Transcriptase: This is an enzyme that allows HIV’s RNA to change into DNA so that it can pass into the host cell’s nucleus to begin reproducing itself Module 1, Chapter 2 ...
... (RNA-ribonucleic acid). Each strand of the RNA has a copy of the virus’s genes Reverse Transcriptase: This is an enzyme that allows HIV’s RNA to change into DNA so that it can pass into the host cell’s nucleus to begin reproducing itself Module 1, Chapter 2 ...
DISPERSAL, GENE FLOW, AND ISOLATION
... small. The source of colonists (migrant-pool vs. propagule-pool) also affects F ST. Differentiation may be slowed down if colonists are drawn from neighboring propagules. Maruyama and Kimura (1980) explored propagule-pool colonization under island and stepping-stone models. With high extinction and ...
... small. The source of colonists (migrant-pool vs. propagule-pool) also affects F ST. Differentiation may be slowed down if colonists are drawn from neighboring propagules. Maruyama and Kimura (1980) explored propagule-pool colonization under island and stepping-stone models. With high extinction and ...
Encephalitis
... Herpes simplex virus type 1 Most common cause of fatal sporadic encephalitis HSV infection of the CNS • Immediate CNS invasion – From the trigeminal nerve or olfactory tract – Follows an episode of primary HSV-1 of the oropharynx ...
... Herpes simplex virus type 1 Most common cause of fatal sporadic encephalitis HSV infection of the CNS • Immediate CNS invasion – From the trigeminal nerve or olfactory tract – Follows an episode of primary HSV-1 of the oropharynx ...
Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers
... Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are characterized by initial non-specific symptoms, including acute onset of fever, myalgia, headache, pharyngitis, diarrhoea, and chest pain. Later signs are more specific to VHF including conjunctivitis, petechiae and morbilliform rash with possible progression to ...
... Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are characterized by initial non-specific symptoms, including acute onset of fever, myalgia, headache, pharyngitis, diarrhoea, and chest pain. Later signs are more specific to VHF including conjunctivitis, petechiae and morbilliform rash with possible progression to ...
Viruses Vs. Bacteria Excerpt
... Viruses vs. Bacteria Microbiology as a basic science explores microscopic organisms including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasites, and some fungi and algae. These organisms lack tissue differentiation, are unicellular, and exhibit diversity of form and size. Viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites ...
... Viruses vs. Bacteria Microbiology as a basic science explores microscopic organisms including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasites, and some fungi and algae. These organisms lack tissue differentiation, are unicellular, and exhibit diversity of form and size. Viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites ...
Characteristics of Viruses-Parts 1_2_3
... You may wonder how viruses can be so specific. Earlier you learned that capsids and envelopes contain specific proteins. Receptor sites on host cells also contain specific proteins. If the outer proteins in a virus do not fit with the outer proteins of a cell, the virus will not attach to the cell. ...
... You may wonder how viruses can be so specific. Earlier you learned that capsids and envelopes contain specific proteins. Receptor sites on host cells also contain specific proteins. If the outer proteins in a virus do not fit with the outer proteins of a cell, the virus will not attach to the cell. ...
Revealing the demographic histories of species
... is reversed, it provides a representation of survival data with one lineage dying at each dichotomous node. The ages of the divergences measured on the phylogeny from present to past can thus be considered as failure times. Some failure times are often not precisely known in survival data, and this ...
... is reversed, it provides a representation of survival data with one lineage dying at each dichotomous node. The ages of the divergences measured on the phylogeny from present to past can thus be considered as failure times. Some failure times are often not precisely known in survival data, and this ...
evolutionary capacitance may be favored by natural
... dashed lines show a value of N>1/θ, for which mopt is lower. Large population sizes lead to a greater selective difference for low values of m. ...
... dashed lines show a value of N>1/θ, for which mopt is lower. Large population sizes lead to a greater selective difference for low values of m. ...
Table 1. Cuyahoga County Influenza Data Dashboard
... particular influenza season. This condition became reportable in January 2009. B) Influenza-associated Pediatric Mortality (ODRS): Influenza-associated pediatric mortalities are reported into ODRS by CCBH and hospital staff. Pediatric deaths can be an indicator of the severity of illness during the ...
... particular influenza season. This condition became reportable in January 2009. B) Influenza-associated Pediatric Mortality (ODRS): Influenza-associated pediatric mortalities are reported into ODRS by CCBH and hospital staff. Pediatric deaths can be an indicator of the severity of illness during the ...
1 - Section of population genetics
... Some Definitions Hosts and parasites exert reciprocal selective pressures on each other, which may lead to rapid reciprocal adaptation For organisms with short generation times host–parasite coevolution can be observed in comparatively small time periods => possible to study evolutionary change ...
... Some Definitions Hosts and parasites exert reciprocal selective pressures on each other, which may lead to rapid reciprocal adaptation For organisms with short generation times host–parasite coevolution can be observed in comparatively small time periods => possible to study evolutionary change ...
Treatment of Patients with Influenza with Antiviral Medications 1.13.15
... who received placebo in controlled clinical trials (3% and 4%, respectively, in children), and vomiting occurring in 9% of adults with influenza who received oseltamivir and 3% of people who received placebo in controlled clinical trials (15% and 9%, respectively, in children). These symptoms are ge ...
... who received placebo in controlled clinical trials (3% and 4%, respectively, in children), and vomiting occurring in 9% of adults with influenza who received oseltamivir and 3% of people who received placebo in controlled clinical trials (15% and 9%, respectively, in children). These symptoms are ge ...
A cure for AIDS: a matter of timing? Open Access
... achieved [61,63]. Despite the enormous excitement generated by the news of this cure, the scarcity of HLA-DRcompatible CCR5 Δ32 donors makes it very difficult to replicate the whole experiment. Consequently, several attempts have been made to isolate the contribution of each of the different therapy ...
... achieved [61,63]. Despite the enormous excitement generated by the news of this cure, the scarcity of HLA-DRcompatible CCR5 Δ32 donors makes it very difficult to replicate the whole experiment. Consequently, several attempts have been made to isolate the contribution of each of the different therapy ...
Pandemics - Georgia CTAE | Home
... • Researchers believe that even though the H1N1 virus is deadly, it isn’t currently at a pandemic stage. It does, however, have the potential of becoming a pandemic if not quickly taken care of. • There is danger in having a strain originating from swine because swine is similar to both humans and t ...
... • Researchers believe that even though the H1N1 virus is deadly, it isn’t currently at a pandemic stage. It does, however, have the potential of becoming a pandemic if not quickly taken care of. • There is danger in having a strain originating from swine because swine is similar to both humans and t ...
Pandemic influenza: its origin and control
... Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK ...
... Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK ...
Community-Acquired Pneumonia
... High frequency of antibiotic resistance in community Immunosuppressive disease or medications HCAP Risk Factors: • Hospitalization for at least 2 days in the past 90 days • Residence in a SNF • Home infusion therapy • Dialysis within 30 days • Family member with MDR infection ...
... High frequency of antibiotic resistance in community Immunosuppressive disease or medications HCAP Risk Factors: • Hospitalization for at least 2 days in the past 90 days • Residence in a SNF • Home infusion therapy • Dialysis within 30 days • Family member with MDR infection ...
Lecture5
... Uses models of evolution designed to capture a pattern of change across characters (e.g., DNA) Allows us to account for complex patterns of nucleotide evolution across regions of genes that may evolve very differently (thus, not all types of changes are weighted evenly in determining the phylogeny…) ...
... Uses models of evolution designed to capture a pattern of change across characters (e.g., DNA) Allows us to account for complex patterns of nucleotide evolution across regions of genes that may evolve very differently (thus, not all types of changes are weighted evenly in determining the phylogeny…) ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... the main feedback loops of a system, one can often predict the stability of its equilibrium point, the character of its transient response to an external perturbation, and the form of the instabilities it may display. By far the most common feedback regulation in living systems is negative. This imp ...
... the main feedback loops of a system, one can often predict the stability of its equilibrium point, the character of its transient response to an external perturbation, and the form of the instabilities it may display. By far the most common feedback regulation in living systems is negative. This imp ...
Mikrobiologický ústav LF MU a FN u sv. Anny v Brně
... development of pathological symptoms What does the pathogenesis of infection include? 1. The way the agent spreads through the macroorganism 2. Mechanisms of defence against it 3. Actual causes of symptoms: a) either the infectious agent itself, b) or the reaction of macroorganism to it ...
... development of pathological symptoms What does the pathogenesis of infection include? 1. The way the agent spreads through the macroorganism 2. Mechanisms of defence against it 3. Actual causes of symptoms: a) either the infectious agent itself, b) or the reaction of macroorganism to it ...
Impact of Rapid Diagnosis on Management of Adults Hospitalized
... Medical records were further reviewed for complications possibly related to antibiotics (diarrhea, drug rash, fungal infection, or renal, hepatic, or bone marrow dysfunction). The study was approved by the University of Rochester research subjects review board and the Rochester General Hospital clin ...
... Medical records were further reviewed for complications possibly related to antibiotics (diarrhea, drug rash, fungal infection, or renal, hepatic, or bone marrow dysfunction). The study was approved by the University of Rochester research subjects review board and the Rochester General Hospital clin ...
pdf Facts about Ebola
... transmitted indirectly from contaminated surface but is it low. Additionally, exposure to disease can be attributed from contaminated objects such as needles. Therefore, it is important that instruments such as needle or syringes should be sterilized if necessary. The current outbreak in Guinea, Lib ...
... transmitted indirectly from contaminated surface but is it low. Additionally, exposure to disease can be attributed from contaminated objects such as needles. Therefore, it is important that instruments such as needle or syringes should be sterilized if necessary. The current outbreak in Guinea, Lib ...
The most important and frequent mode of transmission of
... Transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a conspecific individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected. ...
... Transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a conspecific individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected. ...
Viral phylodynamics
Viral phylodynamics is defined as the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies.Since the coining of the term in 2004, research on viral phylodynamics has focused on transmission dynamics in an effort to shed light on how these dynamics impact viral genetic variation. Transmission dynamics can be considered at the level of cells within an infected host, individual hosts within a population, or entire populations of hosts.Many viruses, especially RNA viruses, rapidly accumulate genetic variation because of short generation times and high mutation rates.Patterns of viral genetic variation are therefore heavily influenced by how quickly transmission occurs and by which entities transmit to one another.Patterns of viral genetic variation will also be affected by selection acting on viral phenotypes.Although viruses can differ with respect to many phenotypes, phylodynamic studies have to date tended to focus on a limited number of viral phenotypes.These include virulence phenotypes, phenotypes associated with viral transmissibility, cell or tissue tropism phenotypes, and antigenic phenotypes that can facilitate escape from host immunity.Due to the impact that transmission dynamics and selection can have on viral genetic variation, viral phylogenies can therefore be used to investigate important epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes, such as epidemic spread, spatio-temporal dynamics including metapopulation dynamics, zoonotic transmission, tissue tropism, and antigenic drift.The quantitative investigation of these processes through the consideration of viral phylogenies is the central aim of viral phylodynamics.