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mv-lect-3-virus-genomes
mv-lect-3-virus-genomes

... also encode enzymes and proteins involved in modifying the cell in which the virus replicates. • DNA Viruses utilize the infected cell’s nucleus as the site of genome replication share many common patterns of gene expression and genome replication along with similar processes occurring in the host c ...
The Classification of Living Things
The Classification of Living Things

... Antibiotics may also interfere with some aspect of bacterial protein synthesis. These antibiotics may cause side effects because they cannot distinguish between human and bacterial metabolism. ...
animal cells have a plasma membrane
animal cells have a plasma membrane

... Respiratory Viruses -Viruses that infect the respiratory system -Obtained by inhalation ex. Orthomyxoviridae (influenza) Arboviruses -Viruses from insects -Arthropod-born (mosquitos, flies etc. ex. Bunyaviridae Oncogenic Viruses -Cell transforming viruses -Target specific tissues -some are zoonotic ...
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

... Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA, Fourth Edition Bernard R. Glick, Jack J. Pasternak, and Cheryl L. Patten ...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

... There are currently 45 million people in the US living with Herpes Infection is more common in women (1:4), than men (1:5) ...
Chapter 35 Hepatitis viruses
Chapter 35 Hepatitis viruses

... Unusual genome replication DNA is copied into RNA transcript Some copies of the RNA transcript are reverse transcribed into ssDNA The ssDNA is transcribed into dsDNA ...
Nov10 Lecture 20 Evolution & vaccines
Nov10 Lecture 20 Evolution & vaccines

... Could help identify most “fit” extant strains that arise due to antigenic drift ...
General Properties of virus
General Properties of virus

... 3- Eclipse phase : it is the period after penetration during which no infectious virus componant can be detected inside the host cell. During this phase the cell rediracted toward synthesizing early proteins (enzymes) which are essential for viral replication. {from the stage of penetration till the ...
Module 1
Module 1

... little or no impact of these organisms in human health. The host defense mechanism is quite strong to remove all these in normal condition, while they cause many nasty diseases only when the person is immune-compromised. Although viruses have a limited host range but sometimes they may jump the spec ...
"HIV" in plasma - The Perth Group
"HIV" in plasma - The Perth Group

... found at the concentrations higher than those predetermined by the latex particle data, it suggests the patient is not infected with “HIV”. If there is no correlation between viral load and particles, or if the viral load suggests the viral particle concentration is lower than that which can be dete ...
HIV Infection Worksheet
HIV Infection Worksheet

... enzyme that is unique to viruses. Color the reverse transcriptase yellow. Because the HIV virus uses the reverse transcriptase and RNA method, it is known as a retrovirus. The Flu is another example of a retrovirus. Because it is single stranded genetic material, it develops mutations more frequentl ...
Barley Yellow Dwarf Papaya Ringspot Virus Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Barley Yellow Dwarf Papaya Ringspot Virus Tobacco Mosaic Virus

... movement protein The replication cycle of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). TMV enters a wounded plant cell to begin the replication cycle [1]. As the cost protein (CP) molecules are stripped away from the RNA [2], host ribosomes begin to translate the two replicase-associated proteins. The replicase prot ...
6SC09 Bacteria and Viruses
6SC09 Bacteria and Viruses

... There are two different types of virus: active and hidden. The active virus takes charge of the cell immediately, telling the cell’s DNA to make new virus proteins and replicate the virus’ DNA. The DNA and proteins become new viruses. This process will continue until the cell has produced so many ne ...
ebola virus - Advanced Decon Technologies
ebola virus - Advanced Decon Technologies

... The  virus  is  transmitted  by  direct  contact  with  infected  body  fluids  such  as  blood,  saliva,  sweat,   urine  or  vomit,  the  cause  of  the  index  case  (primary  case)  is  unknown.  The  incubation  period   varies   ...
downloadable vaccination chart
downloadable vaccination chart

... recommended. After a few years, doctors noticed some "breakthrough" cases, and that about a third of children had lost their antibodies. In 2006, a new recommendation was made to give a second shot. Your teen most likely had one dose of chickenpox already – just make sure he or she gets a second dos ...
Viruses Chap 13
Viruses Chap 13

...  The number of virions released for a particular virus and cell type is call the burst size and can vary from several to several thousand.  The replication cycle varies in length from 20 to 60 minutes for bacteriophage to 8 to 40 h for animal viruses 1. Adsorption - Attachment to host cells – ener ...
- ISpatula
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... Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae, are “Obligate intracellular microorganism” and contain rather unusual organisms that have different Methods of reproduction other than the conjugation and binary fission. Chlamydia may be found in the form of an elementary body and a reticulate body; a reticulate body is ...
Making an Animal Virus in Vitro
Making an Animal Virus in Vitro

... 50 years ago, a virus -- Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) -was reconstituted for the first time in vitro, i.e., the virus was “synthesized” -- via a spontaneous self assembly process -- from its purified protein and nucleic acid components ...
What are Antiviral agents
What are Antiviral agents

... Relenza has been administered to volunteers under study conditions but it is not yet approved or in production. Both drugs can be used to treat influenza; they are also both approved for the prevention of influenza. These drugs are also effective against all strains of influenza A, unlike vaccines w ...
Prions
Prions

... solution of 1:10 sodium hypochlorite/water ...
Bacteria and Viruses Notes
Bacteria and Viruses Notes

... ii. HIV is a ____________________ which is a virus that contains RNA and ______________________________. Reverse transcriptase- enzyme that copies viral RNA into DNA. HIV is an infection of the ________________. The infected person’s white blood cells are damaged and their immune system fails which ...
Prions
Prions

... solution of 1:10 sodium hypochlorite/water ...
Viruses
Viruses

... causes AIDS, has a spherical shape. The tobacco mosaic virus has a cylindrical shape. The T4 virus infects bacteria. It has a polyhedral head attached to a protein tail and several tail fibres. Some groups of viruses are able to replicate only in a particular species, while others may be found, for ...
Theiloviruses | Charles River Research Animal Diagnostic Services
Theiloviruses | Charles River Research Animal Diagnostic Services

... Clinical Signs and Lesions In most cases, natural infection with theiloviruses is asymptomatic. Some virulent strains of virus can induce a fatal encephalitis after a transitory virema. Rarely, perhaps one in ten thousand, naturally infected mice show demyelinating lesions of the central nervous sys ...
PPT Version - OMICS International
PPT Version - OMICS International

... Gene situated on the chromosome 20 in humans, 13 in bovine and 2 in mice. • This gene was found in all vertebrates and invertebrates and is expressed mainly in the CNS and the reticular-endothelial system. • The gene product (PrPc ) is transported outside the cell and anchored on the cell membrane a ...
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Oncolytic virus

An oncolytic virus is a virus that preferentially infects and kills cancer cells. As the infected cancer cells are destroyed by lysis, they release new infectious virus particles to help destroy the remaining tumour. Oncolytic viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of the tumour cells, but also to stimulate host anti-tumour immune responses.The potential of viruses as anti-cancer agents was first realised in the early twentieth century, although coordinated research efforts did not begin until the 1960s. A number of viruses including adenovirus, reovirus, measles, herpes simplex, Newcastle disease virus and vaccinia have now been clinically tested as oncolytic agents. Most current oncolytic viruses are engineered for tumour selectivity, although there are naturally occurring examples such as reovirus and the SVV-001 Seneca Valley virus, resulting in clinical trials.As of 2011, only limited human trials had been performed.Nevertheless, the drug talimogene laherparepvec (OncoVex, T-VEC) recently (Jan 2012) reported the first positive interim Phase III clinical trial results for an oncolytic virus, making it likely that it will also be the first one approved for use (for the treatment of advanced melanoma). However, skeptics have questioned the clinical relevance of this interim data citing that the awaited overall survival data will be the final judgement and that it is likely that patient benefit will be maximised in combination with other therapies, which this trial did not test. 2015 update: In a combined decision, members of the FDA’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) and Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies Advisory Committee (CTGTAC) voted 22-1 to recommend approval of the oncolytic immunotherapy talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) as a treatment for patients with advanced melanoma. A final approval decision from the FDA is scheduled by October 27, 2015. Approved in Latvia oncolytic virus RIGVIR was registered in Georgia in February 2015. Melanoma Research published new data on RIGVIR efficacy, showing that early stage melanoma patients treated with oncolytic virus RIGVIR had 4.39–6.57-fold lower mortality than those, who according to melanoma treatment guidelines did not receive virotherapy and were only observed.
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