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Assessing ecological specialization of an ant–seed dispersal
... Abstract. Specialization in species interactions is of central importance for understanding the ecological structure and evolution of plant–animal mutualisms. Most plant–animal mutualisms are facultative and strongly asymmetric. In particular, myrmecochory (seed dispersal by ants) has been regarded ...
... Abstract. Specialization in species interactions is of central importance for understanding the ecological structure and evolution of plant–animal mutualisms. Most plant–animal mutualisms are facultative and strongly asymmetric. In particular, myrmecochory (seed dispersal by ants) has been regarded ...
DISPERSAL OF LIVING ORGANISMS INTO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
... far outpaces that of aquaculture, largely due to the longer history of the former and its predominant importance to mankind. In such areas as nutrition, disease control, genetics, and husbandry, aquaculture has a lot of experience yet to be obtained and utilized. In nearly every instance where an ex ...
... far outpaces that of aquaculture, largely due to the longer history of the former and its predominant importance to mankind. In such areas as nutrition, disease control, genetics, and husbandry, aquaculture has a lot of experience yet to be obtained and utilized. In nearly every instance where an ex ...
Characterization of Biodiversity
... 20 introduction to the characterization of biodiversity 2.0.1 What is biodiversity? As explained in Section I, biodiversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources and the ecological systems of which they arc a part; this includes diversity within species, between species and o ...
... 20 introduction to the characterization of biodiversity 2.0.1 What is biodiversity? As explained in Section I, biodiversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources and the ecological systems of which they arc a part; this includes diversity within species, between species and o ...
Susquenita Curriculum PENNSYLVANIA Course: Science Grade 7
... Describe the relationships between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. 4.1.7.A.c -- Essential Describe symbiotic and predator/ prey relationships. 4.1.7.C.a -- Essential Explain the flow of energy within an ecosystem. 4.1.7.C.b -- Important Compare and contrast the flow of energy between ...
... Describe the relationships between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. 4.1.7.A.c -- Essential Describe symbiotic and predator/ prey relationships. 4.1.7.C.a -- Essential Explain the flow of energy within an ecosystem. 4.1.7.C.b -- Important Compare and contrast the flow of energy between ...
Interactions of components of habitats alter composition and
... model and is a well-established ecological theory (Simpson 1949; MacArthur & Wilson 1967). For example, MacArthur & MacArthur (1961) suggested that the physical structure of plants, i.e. how foliage is distributed vertically, may be more important for the diversity of birds than the actual compositi ...
... model and is a well-established ecological theory (Simpson 1949; MacArthur & Wilson 1967). For example, MacArthur & MacArthur (1961) suggested that the physical structure of plants, i.e. how foliage is distributed vertically, may be more important for the diversity of birds than the actual compositi ...
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... of studies show that loss of species will decrease ecosystem functioning [12,13]. The shape of the relationship between diversity and functioning is often decelerating, although this is not always the case [14], particularly in long-term studies [15]. Hence the on-going loss of biodiversity is predi ...
... of studies show that loss of species will decrease ecosystem functioning [12,13]. The shape of the relationship between diversity and functioning is often decelerating, although this is not always the case [14], particularly in long-term studies [15]. Hence the on-going loss of biodiversity is predi ...
The habitat of Salpa fusiformis in the California current a
... formis, T. democratica, and C. bakeri were collected from a number of additional stations throughout the California Current. Individuals from swarms and from small populations had been examined for other purposes and now similarity indices were calculated between assemblages from stomachs of these s ...
... formis, T. democratica, and C. bakeri were collected from a number of additional stations throughout the California Current. Individuals from swarms and from small populations had been examined for other purposes and now similarity indices were calculated between assemblages from stomachs of these s ...
2010 Sekercioglu OUP Conservation Book
... are expected to increase evaporation and consequent precipitation in some places and raise the likelihood of droughts and fires in other places, both scenarios that would have major consequences for the world’s vegetation (Wright 2005). These changes in turn can lead to further climatic problems, aff ...
... are expected to increase evaporation and consequent precipitation in some places and raise the likelihood of droughts and fires in other places, both scenarios that would have major consequences for the world’s vegetation (Wright 2005). These changes in turn can lead to further climatic problems, aff ...
Ecological Modelling Mathematical model of livestock and
... the different ecological processes that drive the metapopulation dynamics. Vacant patches can be colonized and occupied ones can be freed, as will be described below. Predators can only colonize patches already occupied by prey (as in Swihart et al., 2001, see also Srivastava et al., 2008). Predatio ...
... the different ecological processes that drive the metapopulation dynamics. Vacant patches can be colonized and occupied ones can be freed, as will be described below. Predators can only colonize patches already occupied by prey (as in Swihart et al., 2001, see also Srivastava et al., 2008). Predatio ...
Interactive effects of habitat modification and species invasion on
... or ‘introduced species’ or ‘alien species’ or ‘exotic species’) published between 2002 and 2007 (ISI, March 2007), only 178 (1.2%) investigated both land-use change and species invasion simultaneously, and only 4 (0.03%) also used the term ‘interaction’. Moreover, we found examples of interactive ef ...
... or ‘introduced species’ or ‘alien species’ or ‘exotic species’) published between 2002 and 2007 (ISI, March 2007), only 178 (1.2%) investigated both land-use change and species invasion simultaneously, and only 4 (0.03%) also used the term ‘interaction’. Moreover, we found examples of interactive ef ...
The effect of habitat heterogeneity on species diversity patterns: a
... dynamics (Pickett and White, 1985; Collins and Glenn, 1991; Levin et al., 1993) focus on the effect of the environment and large-scale processes on single-species distributions as well as species-diversity patterns. Population-level and species-diversity patterns may depend on the temporal and spati ...
... dynamics (Pickett and White, 1985; Collins and Glenn, 1991; Levin et al., 1993) focus on the effect of the environment and large-scale processes on single-species distributions as well as species-diversity patterns. Population-level and species-diversity patterns may depend on the temporal and spati ...
Plant species traits are the predominant control on
... among vascular functional groups (Fig. 3). Woody deciduous species – generally faster-return plants with shorter individual leaf lives than woody evergreens (Reich et al. 1997) – produced litter that decomposed 60% faster than woody evergreen species. This was true whether the evergreen species incl ...
... among vascular functional groups (Fig. 3). Woody deciduous species – generally faster-return plants with shorter individual leaf lives than woody evergreens (Reich et al. 1997) – produced litter that decomposed 60% faster than woody evergreen species. This was true whether the evergreen species incl ...
"Biotic Homogenization". - University of Washington
... the watershed in development (including commercial, industrial, urban and suburban). In other words, more developed watersheds showed greater biotic differentiation (Marchetti et al., 2006). Clearly, there is still much to learn with regard to the major factors influencing patterns of biotic homogeniz ...
... the watershed in development (including commercial, industrial, urban and suburban). In other words, more developed watersheds showed greater biotic differentiation (Marchetti et al., 2006). Clearly, there is still much to learn with regard to the major factors influencing patterns of biotic homogeniz ...
Linking community and ecosystem dynamics through spatial
... material) and the second axis the rates or scales of the coupling agents (the grain). Studies belonging to the two traditions of spatial ecology can be positioned along this continuum. Vertical axis: Along the first axis, food web metacommunity ecology focuses on the movement of living organisms and ...
... material) and the second axis the rates or scales of the coupling agents (the grain). Studies belonging to the two traditions of spatial ecology can be positioned along this continuum. Vertical axis: Along the first axis, food web metacommunity ecology focuses on the movement of living organisms and ...
Plate Tectonics Quiz - Mr. Long`s Classroom
... once connected the continents. b. The fossils were brought to South d. The continents were once attached to each America by explorers other and then drifted apart. A difference between the oceanic crust and the continental crust is that the oceanic crust is a. composed chiefly of sedimentary rocks. ...
... once connected the continents. b. The fossils were brought to South d. The continents were once attached to each America by explorers other and then drifted apart. A difference between the oceanic crust and the continental crust is that the oceanic crust is a. composed chiefly of sedimentary rocks. ...
073 Eastman 2005 Polar Biol
... marine diversity is an especially challenging task (Committee on Biological Diversity in Marine Systems 1995). Knowledge of species composition in an area or ecosystem is a fundamental prerequisite for subsequent work in evolutionary biology, ecology, biogeography and conservation. Fortunately, afte ...
... marine diversity is an especially challenging task (Committee on Biological Diversity in Marine Systems 1995). Knowledge of species composition in an area or ecosystem is a fundamental prerequisite for subsequent work in evolutionary biology, ecology, biogeography and conservation. Fortunately, afte ...
Comparative studies of terrestrial vertebrates in urban areas
... Neighbourhood parks in US cities are an example of planted patches with similar design and management. Because most cities in the United States follow a standard set of park planning guidelines, neighbourhood parks are similar in size (5 to 10 ha) and typically are designed to serve residents living ...
... Neighbourhood parks in US cities are an example of planted patches with similar design and management. Because most cities in the United States follow a standard set of park planning guidelines, neighbourhood parks are similar in size (5 to 10 ha) and typically are designed to serve residents living ...
Using phylogeographic analyses of gene trees to test species status
... in the case in which a priori lineage categories have been proposed and in the case in which no a priori categories have been stipulated. As an example of the first case, Matos (1992) studied restriction site variation in chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) among pine trees in the Pinus montezumae complex of Me ...
... in the case in which a priori lineage categories have been proposed and in the case in which no a priori categories have been stipulated. As an example of the first case, Matos (1992) studied restriction site variation in chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) among pine trees in the Pinus montezumae complex of Me ...
Monday
... argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. MS-LS2-5 : Evaluate competing design solutions for ...
... argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. MS-LS2-5 : Evaluate competing design solutions for ...
Local Biodiversity Action Plan
... Orlock Point looking towards the Copeland Islands © Patricia Mackey This page photo: Meadow Pipit © Patricia Mackey ...
... Orlock Point looking towards the Copeland Islands © Patricia Mackey This page photo: Meadow Pipit © Patricia Mackey ...
Chap11 - Northside Middle School
... than others and will exclude others if the community is left undisturbed • If a habitat is disturbed, organisms move in and are excluded in a predictable pattern known as ecological succession • The climax community (end result) will eventually form when the community is undisturbed for a long perio ...
... than others and will exclude others if the community is left undisturbed • If a habitat is disturbed, organisms move in and are excluded in a predictable pattern known as ecological succession • The climax community (end result) will eventually form when the community is undisturbed for a long perio ...
Abstracts Worshop "Microorganisms in turbulent flows"
... consumption, usually associated to their internal metabolism or to appropriate, localized, interfacial chemical reactivity. As a result, these systems are intrinsically out of equilibrium and their collective properties result as a balance between their direct interactions and the indirect couplin ...
... consumption, usually associated to their internal metabolism or to appropriate, localized, interfacial chemical reactivity. As a result, these systems are intrinsically out of equilibrium and their collective properties result as a balance between their direct interactions and the indirect couplin ...
Biological diversity, ecosystem stability and economic
... now if current patterns of resource use were to continue. This would be perfectly reasonable in a world where the material or energetic throughput of the global economy were small relative to the overall scale o f the w o r l d ' s biogeochemical cycles. But the global economy is now large relative ...
... now if current patterns of resource use were to continue. This would be perfectly reasonable in a world where the material or energetic throughput of the global economy were small relative to the overall scale o f the w o r l d ' s biogeochemical cycles. But the global economy is now large relative ...
Biodiversity and spatial distribution of medusae in the Magellan
... jellyfish: a) the Northern Patagonian Zone, from Puerto Montt (41°S) to the Taitao Peninsula (46°-47°S) (Galea, 2007; Galea et al., 2007; Palma et al., 2007a, 2007b; Villenas et al., 2009; Bravo et al., 2011), b) the Central Patagonian Zone to the Magellan Strait (52°30’S) (Häussermann et al., 2009) ...
... jellyfish: a) the Northern Patagonian Zone, from Puerto Montt (41°S) to the Taitao Peninsula (46°-47°S) (Galea, 2007; Galea et al., 2007; Palma et al., 2007a, 2007b; Villenas et al., 2009; Bravo et al., 2011), b) the Central Patagonian Zone to the Magellan Strait (52°30’S) (Häussermann et al., 2009) ...
Biogeography
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wallace_biogeography.jpg?width=300)
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.