Basic_Equations
... electron and ion continuity equations) describes the time evolution of E or alternatively the charge density. If we wish to follow the time evolution of the charge density, we can do this by using (9), but it is not necessary to do this in order to solve our system of equations. Speaking of our ...
... electron and ion continuity equations) describes the time evolution of E or alternatively the charge density. If we wish to follow the time evolution of the charge density, we can do this by using (9), but it is not necessary to do this in order to solve our system of equations. Speaking of our ...
Barium cloud experiments in the upper atmosphere
... Institute, only theoretical work was then being performed. During this discussion, the idea of creating an artificial cometary tail in order to understand much better Biermann’s theoretical concept of the interaction between the solar wind and the ionized cometary tail was launched. Of course, using ...
... Institute, only theoretical work was then being performed. During this discussion, the idea of creating an artificial cometary tail in order to understand much better Biermann’s theoretical concept of the interaction between the solar wind and the ionized cometary tail was launched. Of course, using ...
Technology Moving Forward Technology Moving Forward
... electric power) to a gas or mixture of gases electric power) to a gas or mixture of gases • Plasmas can be operated both at low and atmospheric pressure Dr. Ariël de Graaf, [email protected] ...
... electric power) to a gas or mixture of gases electric power) to a gas or mixture of gases • Plasmas can be operated both at low and atmospheric pressure Dr. Ariël de Graaf, [email protected] ...
grain charging in weakly ionized plasma in the presence of external
... grain interactions (such as effects of grain charging [613], influence of the ionic bound states [14, 15], dynamical grain screening and ionic drag force [5,1618], effect of external electric field [19] etc.) have been described. Nevertheless, many important problems still remain open. In particular ...
... grain interactions (such as effects of grain charging [613], influence of the ionic bound states [14, 15], dynamical grain screening and ionic drag force [5,1618], effect of external electric field [19] etc.) have been described. Nevertheless, many important problems still remain open. In particular ...
Quantum mechanical model for the study of pressure
... than in present-day experiments, which will enable one to study density effects in a more accurate way. Moreover, electronic properties of hot dense plasmas are of great interest in warm dense matter. In order to model the various atomic processes, we need to describe plasma ions in their ground and ...
... than in present-day experiments, which will enable one to study density effects in a more accurate way. Moreover, electronic properties of hot dense plasmas are of great interest in warm dense matter. In order to model the various atomic processes, we need to describe plasma ions in their ground and ...
Possible new astrophysics-relevant experiments with high
... References: 1) D.D. Ryutov. “Destabilizing effect of thermal conductivity on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a plasma,” Phys. Plasmas, 7, 4797, 2000. 2) D.D. Ryutov, J.Kane, M. Pound, and B. Remington.”Instability of the ablatively accelerated slab for the case of non-normal irradiation.” Plasma ...
... References: 1) D.D. Ryutov. “Destabilizing effect of thermal conductivity on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a plasma,” Phys. Plasmas, 7, 4797, 2000. 2) D.D. Ryutov, J.Kane, M. Pound, and B. Remington.”Instability of the ablatively accelerated slab for the case of non-normal irradiation.” Plasma ...
11/16/2016- Matter Notes
... Matter is either a pure substance or a mixture of substances Substance -matter with a fixed composition Heterogeneous Mixture -where different materials remain distinct in a mixture EX. Like a salad, each part is itself but as a whole it is a salad Homogeneous Mixture - a mixture that remains consta ...
... Matter is either a pure substance or a mixture of substances Substance -matter with a fixed composition Heterogeneous Mixture -where different materials remain distinct in a mixture EX. Like a salad, each part is itself but as a whole it is a salad Homogeneous Mixture - a mixture that remains consta ...
01.1PART I_Ch1.fm - The Thunderbolts Project
... solids, liquids, or gases, it has been called "the fundamental state of matter." It can self-organize into cells of differing electrical characteristics. Electric currents in plasma form filaments that attract each other at long distances and repel each other at short distances. These filaments tend ...
... solids, liquids, or gases, it has been called "the fundamental state of matter." It can self-organize into cells of differing electrical characteristics. Electric currents in plasma form filaments that attract each other at long distances and repel each other at short distances. These filaments tend ...
On neutral-beam injection counter to the plasma current
... particle cannot in general deliver all its injection energy to the plasma in this way since, in order for trapping to occur, the magnetic moment must be nonzero. 共An exception can occur for low-energy particles that become electrostatically trapped, see below.兲 The magnetic moment is an adiabatic in ...
... particle cannot in general deliver all its injection energy to the plasma in this way since, in order for trapping to occur, the magnetic moment must be nonzero. 共An exception can occur for low-energy particles that become electrostatically trapped, see below.兲 The magnetic moment is an adiabatic in ...
High mode number kink test of local gyrokinetic simulations
... function departure from a Maxwellian as a drive (Fig. 1a) we demonstrate that the exact velocity structure of the non-fluctuating electron distribution function is unimportant. For modes which are electrostatic in nature an electron flow – even when comparable to the ion thermal speed – is not expec ...
... function departure from a Maxwellian as a drive (Fig. 1a) we demonstrate that the exact velocity structure of the non-fluctuating electron distribution function is unimportant. For modes which are electrostatic in nature an electron flow – even when comparable to the ion thermal speed – is not expec ...
Kinetic aspects of the vortex-induced
... parallel direction) by the negative reconnection electric field. At re-RX points, electrons are accelerated in the -Z-direction (almost same as the anti-parallel direction) by the positive reconnection electric field. ...
... parallel direction) by the negative reconnection electric field. At re-RX points, electrons are accelerated in the -Z-direction (almost same as the anti-parallel direction) by the positive reconnection electric field. ...
БЕЗОТРАЖАТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРОХОЖДЕНИЕ ВОЛНЫ ЧЕР
... electromagnetic waves is very important for such applications as dense plasma heating by the powerful electromagnetic radiation, the understanding of mechanisms for escape of radiation from sources placed in a high density astrophysical plasma, to prepare the efficient of antireflecting and absorbin ...
... electromagnetic waves is very important for such applications as dense plasma heating by the powerful electromagnetic radiation, the understanding of mechanisms for escape of radiation from sources placed in a high density astrophysical plasma, to prepare the efficient of antireflecting and absorbin ...
Lecture 5: Cylinder equilibrium
... ring an electric field is generated (Faraday) which drives a current such that it tries to conserve the flux The current ...
... ring an electric field is generated (Faraday) which drives a current such that it tries to conserve the flux The current ...
"A Cryogenic, High-field Trap for Large Positron Plasmas and Cold Beams" Non-Neutral Plasma Physics V , M. Schauer, T. Mitchell, R. Nebel Eds., AIP Conf. Proc. No. 692 (AIP, New York, 2003), pp. 149-161. J.R. Danielson, P. Schmidt, J.P. Sullivan, et al (PDF)
... Cold, low-energy positron beams can be extracted from the trap by decreasing the confinement potential. Cyclotron cooling in large magnetic fields is an effective way to reduce the plasma temperature [7]. Since the energy resolution of a beam formed in this way is determined by the plasma temperatu ...
... Cold, low-energy positron beams can be extracted from the trap by decreasing the confinement potential. Cyclotron cooling in large magnetic fields is an effective way to reduce the plasma temperature [7]. Since the energy resolution of a beam formed in this way is determined by the plasma temperatu ...
Kinetic modeling of evolution of 3в•›+в•›1 - Purdue e-Pubs
... considered in the simulation is based on a random isotropic velocity distribution,16 with constant energy of 3.2 eV, across all the electrons generated from the laser pulse. Both 1D and 2D PIC/MCC simulations11 were performed at a gas pressure of 5 Torr and a gas temperature of 300 K. The constraint ...
... considered in the simulation is based on a random isotropic velocity distribution,16 with constant energy of 3.2 eV, across all the electrons generated from the laser pulse. Both 1D and 2D PIC/MCC simulations11 were performed at a gas pressure of 5 Torr and a gas temperature of 300 K. The constraint ...
Magnetic reconnection
... Magnetic field Density Original idea is converting magnetic field energy to plasma kinetic energy. Recently plasma heating, particle acceleration and wave excitation are also well discussed in the category of magnetic reconnection. These energy conversion rates are heavily depending on the plasma co ...
... Magnetic field Density Original idea is converting magnetic field energy to plasma kinetic energy. Recently plasma heating, particle acceleration and wave excitation are also well discussed in the category of magnetic reconnection. These energy conversion rates are heavily depending on the plasma co ...
Problems for the Course F5170 – Introduction to
... describes the typical electrostatic collective electron oscillations due to little separation of electric charge. Plasma frequencies of other particles can be defined in a similar way. However, the electron plasma frequency is the most important because of high mobility of electrons (the proton/elec ...
... describes the typical electrostatic collective electron oscillations due to little separation of electric charge. Plasma frequencies of other particles can be defined in a similar way. However, the electron plasma frequency is the most important because of high mobility of electrons (the proton/elec ...
Temperature and anisotropic-temperature relaxation measurements
... called the confinement time, t c , and can range from 1 ms to more than 40,000 s, but is typically on the order of 10 s. Since most measurements are obtained by releasing the plasma onto the charge collection plates, we usually obtain only one measurement per plasma. Many of our results rely on the ...
... called the confinement time, t c , and can range from 1 ms to more than 40,000 s, but is typically on the order of 10 s. Since most measurements are obtained by releasing the plasma onto the charge collection plates, we usually obtain only one measurement per plasma. Many of our results rely on the ...
Ion Sound Waves
... Now we must use an equation of state for the ions: P = nKTi , where Ti is the ion temperature. Now 5 becomes: ...
... Now we must use an equation of state for the ions: P = nKTi , where Ti is the ion temperature. Now 5 becomes: ...
Simulations of dusty plasmas using a special-purpose
... as the background plasma, and micron-order radius spheres as the dust particles. Considering the size of the dust particles and the plasma conditions, we use three external forces as the dominant external forces acting on the dust particles: ion drag force, neutral gas drag force, and electrostatic ...
... as the background plasma, and micron-order radius spheres as the dust particles. Considering the size of the dust particles and the plasma conditions, we use three external forces as the dominant external forces acting on the dust particles: ion drag force, neutral gas drag force, and electrostatic ...
AIAA-2004-5668 - CSU Radar Group
... In practice, not all of the desirable parameters are readily achievable simultaneously. For example, one common scheme involves accelerating ions to a given flow speed using a multi-grid, “accel-decel” configuration (sometimes known as a “Kaufmann thruster,” since this arrangement was developed as ...
... In practice, not all of the desirable parameters are readily achievable simultaneously. For example, one common scheme involves accelerating ions to a given flow speed using a multi-grid, “accel-decel” configuration (sometimes known as a “Kaufmann thruster,” since this arrangement was developed as ...
Particle-in-Cell Plasma Simulation Model: Properties and Applications δ f R. D. Sydora
... The particle-in-cell (PIC) approach is widely used in the modeling of nonlinear processes in the collisionless dynamics of space plasmas (Birdsall and Langdon, 1985; Hockney and Eastwood, 1988). These include diverse phenomena such as collisionless shocks, magnetic reconnection, beam plasma instabil ...
... The particle-in-cell (PIC) approach is widely used in the modeling of nonlinear processes in the collisionless dynamics of space plasmas (Birdsall and Langdon, 1985; Hockney and Eastwood, 1988). These include diverse phenomena such as collisionless shocks, magnetic reconnection, beam plasma instabil ...
Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in the Relativistic Regime
... For such extremely high intensity levels, the electromagnetic wave propagation in a plasma becomes strongly nonlinear. The electron motion is the first source of nonlinearity as the electron mass is increased by the relativistic effect and the Lorentz force is not any more negligible. Moreover, this ...
... For such extremely high intensity levels, the electromagnetic wave propagation in a plasma becomes strongly nonlinear. The electron motion is the first source of nonlinearity as the electron mass is increased by the relativistic effect and the Lorentz force is not any more negligible. Moreover, this ...
New Dawn for
... lasers, microwaves or radio-frequency waves or by subjecting it to strong electric fields. The extra energy liberates electrons from the atoms or molecules of the gas, leaving the latter with a positive charge and the former free to move freely in the gas, which makes the ionized gas a far w w w. S ...
... lasers, microwaves or radio-frequency waves or by subjecting it to strong electric fields. The extra energy liberates electrons from the atoms or molecules of the gas, leaving the latter with a positive charge and the former free to move freely in the gas, which makes the ionized gas a far w w w. S ...
Cross-field diffusion in low-temperature plasma
... along B . At the endplates, however, an interesting mechanism called the Simon [14] ‘short-circuit’ effect occurs. To illustrate this effect, consider a cylinder of radius a and length 2L such that the ion flux at KTi to the endplates is slow and can be neglected. Let the ionization source be locali ...
... along B . At the endplates, however, an interesting mechanism called the Simon [14] ‘short-circuit’ effect occurs. To illustrate this effect, consider a cylinder of radius a and length 2L such that the ion flux at KTi to the endplates is slow and can be neglected. Let the ionization source be locali ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.