Parallel Permittivity Elements for Radio Frequency Waves in
... magnetic thermonuclear fusion. In order to achieve the burning conditions in these devices additional plasma heating must be employed. Effective schemes of heating and current drive in magnetized plasmas can be realized using the collisionless dissipation of radio-frequency waves (e.g., Alfvén, fas ...
... magnetic thermonuclear fusion. In order to achieve the burning conditions in these devices additional plasma heating must be employed. Effective schemes of heating and current drive in magnetized plasmas can be realized using the collisionless dissipation of radio-frequency waves (e.g., Alfvén, fas ...
StockelJ_Dynamics_06 - Golem
... A strong increase of the global plasma density during the bias phase is observed and the concurrent H radiation is reduced to about half of its value during the pre-biasing phase. These two observations imply an increase of the ratio ne/H , which is interpreted as a net improvement of the particl ...
... A strong increase of the global plasma density during the bias phase is observed and the concurrent H radiation is reduced to about half of its value during the pre-biasing phase. These two observations imply an increase of the ratio ne/H , which is interpreted as a net improvement of the particl ...
Acceleration of Plasma into Vacuum
... after the passage of a sufficiently strong shock wave in an axial direction along the tube.5 Now let us imagine a wave of increased axial magnetic field to move along the tube. The magnetic lines of force, as the wave approaches a given position, are pushed inward toward the axis of the system, and ...
... after the passage of a sufficiently strong shock wave in an axial direction along the tube.5 Now let us imagine a wave of increased axial magnetic field to move along the tube. The magnetic lines of force, as the wave approaches a given position, are pushed inward toward the axis of the system, and ...
1 - INFN-LNF
... back side, the area of the membrane that will become freely suspended after a wet etching step in a KOH reactor. In the final setup, the whole shuttering element will cover approximately 1x1 cm2 area patterned by ~200nm wide and 2.6µm long openings with a period of 4µm in both x and y directions. By ...
... back side, the area of the membrane that will become freely suspended after a wet etching step in a KOH reactor. In the final setup, the whole shuttering element will cover approximately 1x1 cm2 area patterned by ~200nm wide and 2.6µm long openings with a period of 4µm in both x and y directions. By ...
Full Text Report
... geometries. Plasmas may be composed of a single material or multiple layers (or regions) of materials. HELIOS-CR supports the utilization of equation of state and opacity databases that are generated under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), as well as those generated for non-LT ...
... geometries. Plasmas may be composed of a single material or multiple layers (or regions) of materials. HELIOS-CR supports the utilization of equation of state and opacity databases that are generated under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), as well as those generated for non-LT ...
Stabilization of Plasma by Nonuniform Magnetic Fields
... very weak magnetic field which will play thé part of a "canal" for the plasma leakage. But if the width of the canal is of the order of b\ this leakage, in any case, will not exceed the direct loss to the supports. It follows from the estimates given that though the plasma lifetime is less than the ...
... very weak magnetic field which will play thé part of a "canal" for the plasma leakage. But if the width of the canal is of the order of b\ this leakage, in any case, will not exceed the direct loss to the supports. It follows from the estimates given that though the plasma lifetime is less than the ...
“A Design for an efficient cylindrical ma with rotating magnets and
... * The target tube is rotated about its longitudinal axis. A magnetic structure is arranged inside the tube but does not rotate with it. * The rotation of the target surface through the stationary plasma sputters the top layer of material from entire surface as that surface is rotated through the ma ...
... * The target tube is rotated about its longitudinal axis. A magnetic structure is arranged inside the tube but does not rotate with it. * The rotation of the target surface through the stationary plasma sputters the top layer of material from entire surface as that surface is rotated through the ma ...
1 Quasilinear Evolution of Kinetic Alfven Wave Turbulence and
... damping, then the resulting turbulent heating should increase only the parallel component of the particle kinetic energy, thereby increasing the parallel temperature. On the other hand, in a number of systems such as the solar corona and solar wind, ions are observed to undergo perpendicular heatin ...
... damping, then the resulting turbulent heating should increase only the parallel component of the particle kinetic energy, thereby increasing the parallel temperature. On the other hand, in a number of systems such as the solar corona and solar wind, ions are observed to undergo perpendicular heatin ...
PDF file
... demonstrate that: 1) there is a motion (v) which can maintain an oscillating magnetic field B 2) this motion is itself maintained by the available forces ...
... demonstrate that: 1) there is a motion (v) which can maintain an oscillating magnetic field B 2) this motion is itself maintained by the available forces ...
ppt - Fusion Technology Institute
... But, the free space approximation is not accurate for the conditions involved. The DD-reaction yield can be orders of magnitude higher than predicted by extrapolation of the standard (free space) DD-reaction cross-section to lower deuteron energies. These enhancement (non-linear) effects came from a ...
... But, the free space approximation is not accurate for the conditions involved. The DD-reaction yield can be orders of magnitude higher than predicted by extrapolation of the standard (free space) DD-reaction cross-section to lower deuteron energies. These enhancement (non-linear) effects came from a ...
Charging of particles in a plasma
... that the photoelectrons have a Maxwellian energy spectrum with a temperature T,. A laboratory plasma is a source of uv, due to electron-impact excitation of neutrals. However, there has been no analysis known to the author of whether this uv radiation can be strong enough to alter the charge signifi ...
... that the photoelectrons have a Maxwellian energy spectrum with a temperature T,. A laboratory plasma is a source of uv, due to electron-impact excitation of neutrals. However, there has been no analysis known to the author of whether this uv radiation can be strong enough to alter the charge signifi ...
SCIENZA IN PRIMO PIANO
... flow can be studied using space experiment data. The length scales of this turbulence cover about ten orders of magnitude. These scales are coupled to each other through nonlinear interactions in an extremely complex way. Analysing large-scale data it has been possible to gain considerable insight o ...
... flow can be studied using space experiment data. The length scales of this turbulence cover about ten orders of magnitude. These scales are coupled to each other through nonlinear interactions in an extremely complex way. Analysing large-scale data it has been possible to gain considerable insight o ...
Nitrogen Glow Discharge by a DC Virtual Cathode
... The axial distribution of the electron density is illustrated in Figure 8. Note that the electron density increases with axial direction from the mesh to reach its maximum value 0.2 · 108 cm−3 at z = 2 cm. This may be due to an increase of the electron beam collisions, which increases the ionized pa ...
... The axial distribution of the electron density is illustrated in Figure 8. Note that the electron density increases with axial direction from the mesh to reach its maximum value 0.2 · 108 cm−3 at z = 2 cm. This may be due to an increase of the electron beam collisions, which increases the ionized pa ...
An Electrostatic Wave
... For a simplified analysis, you may assume that q the positive ions are at rest, that all electrons have the same transverse velocity v⊥ = 2KT /m, where K is Boltzmann’s constant, T is the temperature, and that the densities of the ions and unperturbed electrons are uniform. Then the discussion may p ...
... For a simplified analysis, you may assume that q the positive ions are at rest, that all electrons have the same transverse velocity v⊥ = 2KT /m, where K is Boltzmann’s constant, T is the temperature, and that the densities of the ions and unperturbed electrons are uniform. Then the discussion may p ...
Direct measurement and modeling of the redirected - CPMI
... 1 mm,33 although it is not directly applicable due to the presence of a magnetic field and non-Maxwellian electrons. In the present study, the used average power densities were lower than the typical HiPIMS, and also the orifice was located in a region of weaker B field, so that relatively lower pl ...
... 1 mm,33 although it is not directly applicable due to the presence of a magnetic field and non-Maxwellian electrons. In the present study, the used average power densities were lower than the typical HiPIMS, and also the orifice was located in a region of weaker B field, so that relatively lower pl ...
On the Electrodynamics of the Big Bang Universe - SLAC
... tion Time the Universe is still a Plasma according to Lyman Spitzer’s definition. The Debye shielding distance, h, in centimeters, is given by h = 6.90(T /n)0.5 where T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin, and n is the number of electrons per cubic centimeter. Spitzer states that “If h is small com ...
... tion Time the Universe is still a Plasma according to Lyman Spitzer’s definition. The Debye shielding distance, h, in centimeters, is given by h = 6.90(T /n)0.5 where T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin, and n is the number of electrons per cubic centimeter. Spitzer states that “If h is small com ...
A model based on equations of kinetics to study nitrogen dioxide
... plasma formation. It shows that, the catalytic activity can be improved via the plasma formation process. Yamamoto et al. presented a chemical reactor conjugated with plasma discharge as a strategy for decomposition of NOx pollutants [12]. In their system, the plasma nitrogen monoxide was converted ...
... plasma formation. It shows that, the catalytic activity can be improved via the plasma formation process. Yamamoto et al. presented a chemical reactor conjugated with plasma discharge as a strategy for decomposition of NOx pollutants [12]. In their system, the plasma nitrogen monoxide was converted ...
itb prelude
... This Letter presents an observation of zero current density within measurement errors in the core (r兾a # 0.2) of JET OS plasmas with a LHCD prelude. The magnetic field pitch angle in the plasma is measured by the motional stark effect (MSE) technique [4]. The MSE polarimeter observes Da emission fro ...
... This Letter presents an observation of zero current density within measurement errors in the core (r兾a # 0.2) of JET OS plasmas with a LHCD prelude. The magnetic field pitch angle in the plasma is measured by the motional stark effect (MSE) technique [4]. The MSE polarimeter observes Da emission fro ...
Slide 1
... strong B) from L=10 to L=6. Dashed curve for an isotropic distribution transported outward from L=6 to L=10 and the solid curve for transport of an initially ‘pancake’ electron pitch angle distribution with f(v) sin0.5/E2 outward over the same distance. To investige electron PADs as a function of ...
... strong B) from L=10 to L=6. Dashed curve for an isotropic distribution transported outward from L=6 to L=10 and the solid curve for transport of an initially ‘pancake’ electron pitch angle distribution with f(v) sin0.5/E2 outward over the same distance. To investige electron PADs as a function of ...
GPS and Solar Radio Burst Forensics Brady O`Hanlon, Paul Kintner
... to the local magnetic field line achieving a parallel separation distance of 8km by the end of flight (Figure 2). These payloads consist of 2 pairs of 12m tip-to-tip wire boom double probes directed radially from the payload’s spin axis which detect plasma waves from DC to 2.4MHz. Two small sub-payl ...
... to the local magnetic field line achieving a parallel separation distance of 8km by the end of flight (Figure 2). These payloads consist of 2 pairs of 12m tip-to-tip wire boom double probes directed radially from the payload’s spin axis which detect plasma waves from DC to 2.4MHz. Two small sub-payl ...
Neon Photoionization Experiments on the Z-Machine
... Gas Cell Experiments Introduction: We have begun a campaign of ride-along shots on the Z-machine at Sandia in order to study the response of low-density gases to irradiance by strong xrays. Our interest is in the excitation/ionization kinematics and the physical conditions of the x-ray photoionized ...
... Gas Cell Experiments Introduction: We have begun a campaign of ride-along shots on the Z-machine at Sandia in order to study the response of low-density gases to irradiance by strong xrays. Our interest is in the excitation/ionization kinematics and the physical conditions of the x-ray photoionized ...
Wave–particle interaction
... to be orthogonal functions of velocity (they are orthogonal to the adjoint eigenfunctions) this SVD approach may also introduce errors, but we observe that when applied to calculated eigenfunctions of equation (4) the procedure works surprisingly well. Figure 5(a) shows the structure of the observed ...
... to be orthogonal functions of velocity (they are orthogonal to the adjoint eigenfunctions) this SVD approach may also introduce errors, but we observe that when applied to calculated eigenfunctions of equation (4) the procedure works surprisingly well. Figure 5(a) shows the structure of the observed ...
Document
... Figure 3 shows the results of a simulation with the initial injection angles chosen randomly from a uniform distribution between 0° and 90°, and the initial energies chosen randomly from a power law distribution between 28.469keV and 128.109keV. In this situation, increasing the initial energies res ...
... Figure 3 shows the results of a simulation with the initial injection angles chosen randomly from a uniform distribution between 0° and 90°, and the initial energies chosen randomly from a power law distribution between 28.469keV and 128.109keV. In this situation, increasing the initial energies res ...
Here - Center for Applied Isotope Studies
... OES is based on two important principles guiding the behavior of atoms. The first principle is that atoms can only exist in discrete states, also known as levels, which are characterized by distinct amounts of energy (this is referred to as quantized energy). One way to think about this is by compar ...
... OES is based on two important principles guiding the behavior of atoms. The first principle is that atoms can only exist in discrete states, also known as levels, which are characterized by distinct amounts of energy (this is referred to as quantized energy). One way to think about this is by compar ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.