Linköping University Post Print Coupled azimuthal and radial flows and
... 1070-664X/2009/16共6兲/062313/6/$25.00 ...
... 1070-664X/2009/16共6兲/062313/6/$25.00 ...
Time-dependent current-density-functional theory for metals
... the optical constants outside the measured frequency range. More accurate and more reproducible than the conventional reflection measurements are ellipsometry measurements. In this technique one obtains directly the complex dielectric function from the change in polarization of light upon reflection ...
... the optical constants outside the measured frequency range. More accurate and more reproducible than the conventional reflection measurements are ellipsometry measurements. In this technique one obtains directly the complex dielectric function from the change in polarization of light upon reflection ...
Axial magnetic effect in QCD
... The CME in heavy-ion collisions The induced electric current in the quark-gluon plasma is proportional to the chiral chemical potential which controls imbalance between left-handed and right-handed quarks. [this formula is written for one quark flavor which carries the electric charge q] ...
... The CME in heavy-ion collisions The induced electric current in the quark-gluon plasma is proportional to the chiral chemical potential which controls imbalance between left-handed and right-handed quarks. [this formula is written for one quark flavor which carries the electric charge q] ...
"Modes of spheroidal ion plasmas at the Brillouin limit" Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996) pp. 749-58. M. D. Tinkle, R. G. Greaves, and C. M. Surko (PDF)
... served, which were quantitatively explained by a multifluid cold-plasma theory. We have developed a new steady-state mode of operation of a quadrupole trap that enables us to explore a range of plasma phenomena including plasma confinement and cyclotron and diocotron modes in pure ion plasmas near ...
... served, which were quantitatively explained by a multifluid cold-plasma theory. We have developed a new steady-state mode of operation of a quadrupole trap that enables us to explore a range of plasma phenomena including plasma confinement and cyclotron and diocotron modes in pure ion plasmas near ...
Direct Energy Conversion in Fusion Reactors
... Energy of particle per charge W/q — KeV per charge ...
... Energy of particle per charge W/q — KeV per charge ...
Two-stream instability in collisionless shocks and foreshock
... shocks that support Fermi acceleration [21–25]. We concentrate on electron Fermi acceleration, which requires a seed of hot electrons. It must be produced by an injection mechanism that may be facilitated by the shock-reflected beams of ions [26–31]. The ion beams drive waves that accelerate particl ...
... shocks that support Fermi acceleration [21–25]. We concentrate on electron Fermi acceleration, which requires a seed of hot electrons. It must be produced by an injection mechanism that may be facilitated by the shock-reflected beams of ions [26–31]. The ion beams drive waves that accelerate particl ...
PowerPoint - Astronomy at Swarthmore College
... and Mg XI (solid histograms) . Show are the resonant (left), intercombination (middle) and forbidden (right) lines. In hot stars, the forbidden-line strength of He-like ions is reduced by photoexcitation of electrons in the 3S1 state by photospheric UV radiation. We do not detect the Mg XI f line. T ...
... and Mg XI (solid histograms) . Show are the resonant (left), intercombination (middle) and forbidden (right) lines. In hot stars, the forbidden-line strength of He-like ions is reduced by photoexcitation of electrons in the 3S1 state by photospheric UV radiation. We do not detect the Mg XI f line. T ...
Experimental Spectroscopy II - IAEA Atomic and Molecular Data Unit
... levels, between triplet and singlet levels, and ionization from the triplet levels become strong and all lines become also density dependent Collisional radiative models which also include radiative transport were developed. In this way pairs of lines in the visible spectral region were found which ...
... levels, between triplet and singlet levels, and ionization from the triplet levels become strong and all lines become also density dependent Collisional radiative models which also include radiative transport were developed. In this way pairs of lines in the visible spectral region were found which ...
Low energy Electron Collision with Polar Molecules HCl and HBr in
... ionized gas and is usually considered to be a distinct phase of matter. “Ionized” in this case means that at least one of electron has been dissociated from a proportion of the atoms or molecules. The free electric charges make the plasma electrically conductive, so that it responds strongly to elec ...
... ionized gas and is usually considered to be a distinct phase of matter. “Ionized” in this case means that at least one of electron has been dissociated from a proportion of the atoms or molecules. The free electric charges make the plasma electrically conductive, so that it responds strongly to elec ...
The prompt and afterglow emission of GRB991216
... 1) Electron-positron production, annihilation and oscillation in super-critical electric field. 2) Super-critical electric field on the surface of collapsing core. 3) Electron-positron-photon plasma formed in gravitational collapses. 4) Hydrodynamic expansion of Electron-positron-photon plasma. ...
... 1) Electron-positron production, annihilation and oscillation in super-critical electric field. 2) Super-critical electric field on the surface of collapsing core. 3) Electron-positron-photon plasma formed in gravitational collapses. 4) Hydrodynamic expansion of Electron-positron-photon plasma. ...
plasma neutralization models for intense ion beam
... through a background plasma. The case where the beam propagates through a cold plasma, with the plasma density large compared with the beam density, can be studied by the use of linear perturbation theory [1]. Here, we focus on the nonlinear case where the plasma density has an arbitrary value compa ...
... through a background plasma. The case where the beam propagates through a cold plasma, with the plasma density large compared with the beam density, can be studied by the use of linear perturbation theory [1]. Here, we focus on the nonlinear case where the plasma density has an arbitrary value compa ...
Derivation of the Paschen curve law ALPhA Laboratory Immersion
... plasmas (p ≈ 760T orr) the distance between electrodes for the minimum condition is calculated (using the same conditions as in Figure 4) to be ∼ 10µm. This leads to the label of microplasmas for these type of discharges and their consequential difficulty in attaining experimentally. ...
... plasmas (p ≈ 760T orr) the distance between electrodes for the minimum condition is calculated (using the same conditions as in Figure 4) to be ∼ 10µm. This leads to the label of microplasmas for these type of discharges and their consequential difficulty in attaining experimentally. ...
A Mechanism for Gravitational Energy Transfering to
... hydrodynamic… (slowly varying in large length scale) , described by equations of fields and rates. ...
... hydrodynamic… (slowly varying in large length scale) , described by equations of fields and rates. ...
draft.LHDI2
... growing modes are on the electron scale, the LHDI is unstable over a broad range of wavelengths and frequencies, the electromagnetic modes with longer wavelength can penetrate into the central region even though the fastest growing modes are confined to the edge [7]. Second, LHDI can strongly modify ...
... growing modes are on the electron scale, the LHDI is unstable over a broad range of wavelengths and frequencies, the electromagnetic modes with longer wavelength can penetrate into the central region even though the fastest growing modes are confined to the edge [7]. Second, LHDI can strongly modify ...
Generally Covariant Relativistic Anisotropic Magnetohydrodynamics
... It is widely accepted that the study of collisionless relativistic plasmas in strong magnetic fields is essential for understanding of the physics of various astrophysical objects, such as pulsar winds, relativistic jets, active galactic nuclei etc.. Relativistic hydrodynamics is probably the most c ...
... It is widely accepted that the study of collisionless relativistic plasmas in strong magnetic fields is essential for understanding of the physics of various astrophysical objects, such as pulsar winds, relativistic jets, active galactic nuclei etc.. Relativistic hydrodynamics is probably the most c ...
Evaporation–glow discharge hybrid source for plasma immersion
... The plasma immersion ion implanter is schematically illustrated in Fig. 1. In addition to the evaporation –glow discharge plasma source, the PIII equipment has some other plasma producing systems—the pulse arc plasma ion source, the RF plasma source, and the hot filament system, which are not shown ...
... The plasma immersion ion implanter is schematically illustrated in Fig. 1. In addition to the evaporation –glow discharge plasma source, the PIII equipment has some other plasma producing systems—the pulse arc plasma ion source, the RF plasma source, and the hot filament system, which are not shown ...
Document
... parallel to the flow, the wave occurs at the frequency Doppler shifted from the ion gyro frequency by this component of the flow but the observer sees the wave near the gyro frequency because the observer is moving along the field line in the plasma flow. ...
... parallel to the flow, the wave occurs at the frequency Doppler shifted from the ion gyro frequency by this component of the flow but the observer sees the wave near the gyro frequency because the observer is moving along the field line in the plasma flow. ...
Modeling of a negative ion source II. Plasma-gas
... the sense that surface produced negative ions on the plasma grid PG surface (by positive ions and neutrals conversion) are added to the volume produced negative ions in the bulk (by electron attachment to vibrational excited molecular states). In order to obtain negative ion beams with higher effici ...
... the sense that surface produced negative ions on the plasma grid PG surface (by positive ions and neutrals conversion) are added to the volume produced negative ions in the bulk (by electron attachment to vibrational excited molecular states). In order to obtain negative ion beams with higher effici ...
Conversion of Electrostatic to Electromagnetic Waves by
... total energy in the secondary waves is smaller than that of the primary wave. This is a well-known effect [3–6] and it can be attributed to the excitation of a zero frequency pure “magnetic wave” in the plasma with wave number k0 . The magnetic wave is formed because, when the electrons are suddenly ...
... total energy in the secondary waves is smaller than that of the primary wave. This is a well-known effect [3–6] and it can be attributed to the excitation of a zero frequency pure “magnetic wave” in the plasma with wave number k0 . The magnetic wave is formed because, when the electrons are suddenly ...
Shields for the starship Enterprise
... bodies is mostly empty vacuum by terrestrial standards, but it is the very lack of matter that means that energetic particles can be accelerated further and travel unattenuated. The energies the particles reach are so high that the atoms are mostly stripped of their electrons and travel as a quasi-n ...
... bodies is mostly empty vacuum by terrestrial standards, but it is the very lack of matter that means that energetic particles can be accelerated further and travel unattenuated. The energies the particles reach are so high that the atoms are mostly stripped of their electrons and travel as a quasi-n ...
Ion dynamics in a two-ion-species plasma
... that follows this Letter. As seen in Fig. 1, the electron density (deduced from the time-dependent emission from the low lying B III 2p level) drops significantly during the rise of the magnetic field intensity (deduced from the Zeeman splitting of the He I 6678 Å line). The same drop of the electro ...
... that follows this Letter. As seen in Fig. 1, the electron density (deduced from the time-dependent emission from the low lying B III 2p level) drops significantly during the rise of the magnetic field intensity (deduced from the Zeeman splitting of the He I 6678 Å line). The same drop of the electro ...
Laser Aided Plasma Diagnostics: Introduction
... similar to Thomson scattering an ensemble distribution can be measured. • Ion velocity distributions are important for understanding transport phenomena in plasmas. • They are closely related to the electronic properties since electrons and ions have to diffuse at identical rates (at least globally) ...
... similar to Thomson scattering an ensemble distribution can be measured. • Ion velocity distributions are important for understanding transport phenomena in plasmas. • They are closely related to the electronic properties since electrons and ions have to diffuse at identical rates (at least globally) ...
ITER_en - Site officiel de l`Association Savoir sans
... The “magnetic bottle” containing the fusion plasma was imagined in 1950 by the Russian Andrei Sakharov and was called a tokamak. This machine consists of a chamber in the shape of a torus filled with a mixture of deuterium and tritium at low pressure. Deuterium is inoffensive and is found in unlimit ...
... The “magnetic bottle” containing the fusion plasma was imagined in 1950 by the Russian Andrei Sakharov and was called a tokamak. This machine consists of a chamber in the shape of a torus filled with a mixture of deuterium and tritium at low pressure. Deuterium is inoffensive and is found in unlimit ...
b - GPSM
... 11. M. Echim and J. Lemaire, Positive density gradients at the magnetopause: interpretation in the framework of the impulsive penetration mechanism, J. Atm. Sol.Terr. Phys., 64, 2019-2028, 2002 12. O.D. Constantinescu, et al., Magnetic mirrors observed by Cluster in the magnetosheath, Geophys. Res. ...
... 11. M. Echim and J. Lemaire, Positive density gradients at the magnetopause: interpretation in the framework of the impulsive penetration mechanism, J. Atm. Sol.Terr. Phys., 64, 2019-2028, 2002 12. O.D. Constantinescu, et al., Magnetic mirrors observed by Cluster in the magnetosheath, Geophys. Res. ...
The Electric Bridge
... Celestial bodies are not electrically neutral but charged, including our Sun, planets, etc. Interactions between bodies are mainly electromagnetic (the electro-magnetic force is much, much stronger than gravity - 1039). Steady-state model: no begin, no end. No Big Bang. No need for black h ...
... Celestial bodies are not electrically neutral but charged, including our Sun, planets, etc. Interactions between bodies are mainly electromagnetic (the electro-magnetic force is much, much stronger than gravity - 1039). Steady-state model: no begin, no end. No Big Bang. No need for black h ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.