Chapter 4: The MHD model Overview
... One also needs BCs (jump conditions) for plasmas with an internal boundary where the magnitudes of the plasma variables ‘jump’. Example: at the photospheric boundary the density changes ∼ 10−9. ...
... One also needs BCs (jump conditions) for plasmas with an internal boundary where the magnitudes of the plasma variables ‘jump’. Example: at the photospheric boundary the density changes ∼ 10−9. ...
Magnetospheric Interactions with Satellites
... ionospheres contribute in a crucial way to the plasma interactions. The ionospheres are electrically conductive and thus carry part of a current system that is continued outside the ionosphere by plasma currents to be discussed below. The properties of the ionospheric currents are usually described ...
... ionospheres contribute in a crucial way to the plasma interactions. The ionospheres are electrically conductive and thus carry part of a current system that is continued outside the ionosphere by plasma currents to be discussed below. The properties of the ionospheric currents are usually described ...
COSPAR WORKSHOP ON CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT
... “The sequence of auroral events over the entire polar region during the passage from auroral quiet through the various active phases to subsequent calm is called an auroral substorm: it coincides with a magnetic (DP) substorm, with which it has some close relationships.” [Akasofu, 1964]. “To general ...
... “The sequence of auroral events over the entire polar region during the passage from auroral quiet through the various active phases to subsequent calm is called an auroral substorm: it coincides with a magnetic (DP) substorm, with which it has some close relationships.” [Akasofu, 1964]. “To general ...
Plasma Physics Applied, 2006: 73-110 ISBN: 81-7895-230-0
... irregularly shaped pancakes. They may be composed of dielectric, e.g. SiO2 or Al2O3, or conducting materials. Although the particles are commonly solid, they might also be fluffy ice crystals or even liquid droplets. They are typically much more massive than the plasma electrons and ions. For exampl ...
... irregularly shaped pancakes. They may be composed of dielectric, e.g. SiO2 or Al2O3, or conducting materials. Although the particles are commonly solid, they might also be fluffy ice crystals or even liquid droplets. They are typically much more massive than the plasma electrons and ions. For exampl ...
PDF (MSc Thesis) - DORAS
... the effects of the electric fields generated by the electrodes to these regions of charged particles: this is Debye shielding. In a plasma with no thermal energy (i.e. at absolute zero temperature), the shielding would be perfect, since there would be an exactly equal amount of positive and negative ...
... the effects of the electric fields generated by the electrodes to these regions of charged particles: this is Debye shielding. In a plasma with no thermal energy (i.e. at absolute zero temperature), the shielding would be perfect, since there would be an exactly equal amount of positive and negative ...
Full-f gyrokinetic simulation including kinetic electrons
... for ∼ 20 ms, in which electron heating modulation was applied as in the ECRH modulation experiment. The numerical experiment successfully reproduced rotation changes and density peaking induced by transition of turbulence drive from ITG to TEM, and the validity of the new model was demonstrated. In ...
... for ∼ 20 ms, in which electron heating modulation was applied as in the ECRH modulation experiment. The numerical experiment successfully reproduced rotation changes and density peaking induced by transition of turbulence drive from ITG to TEM, and the validity of the new model was demonstrated. In ...
ppt - Serbian Virtual Observatory - astronomical observatory belgrade
... collisions with neutral atoms • RESONANCE BROADENING – broadening due to non radiative charge exchange for atoms of the same kind when one of the energy levels of the transition responsible for the line has an allowed transition on the ground level • STARK BROADENING – broadening by interaction with ...
... collisions with neutral atoms • RESONANCE BROADENING – broadening due to non radiative charge exchange for atoms of the same kind when one of the energy levels of the transition responsible for the line has an allowed transition on the ground level • STARK BROADENING – broadening by interaction with ...
Efficacy of Electron Mobility Models in Hybrid-PIC
... to establish a thruster life qualification capability for ion thrusters, hollow cathodes, and Hall thrusters [36]. The aim of this program is to provide NASA with a set of physics-based modeling tools that can be used to address the qualification gaps between ground testing and actual mission requir ...
... to establish a thruster life qualification capability for ion thrusters, hollow cathodes, and Hall thrusters [36]. The aim of this program is to provide NASA with a set of physics-based modeling tools that can be used to address the qualification gaps between ground testing and actual mission requir ...
laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (libs)
... corresponds to a strongly coupled plasma. Likewise, the case Λ ≫ 1, in which the Debye sphere is densely populated, corresponds to a weakly coupled plasma. It can also be appreciated, from the equation for plasma parameter that strongly coupled plasmas tend to be cold and dense, whereas weakly coupl ...
... corresponds to a strongly coupled plasma. Likewise, the case Λ ≫ 1, in which the Debye sphere is densely populated, corresponds to a weakly coupled plasma. It can also be appreciated, from the equation for plasma parameter that strongly coupled plasmas tend to be cold and dense, whereas weakly coupl ...
Plasma Interaction of Io with its Plasma Torus
... formally the opposite. Only the loss term L appears, but the production rate appears implicitly through its dependence on v. The loss rate L could also be removed by using (1) again. Energy Equations In addition to the momentum equation, an energy equation for the electrons and ions is required. For ...
... formally the opposite. Only the loss term L appears, but the production rate appears implicitly through its dependence on v. The loss rate L could also be removed by using (1) again. Energy Equations In addition to the momentum equation, an energy equation for the electrons and ions is required. For ...
PPT
... Reconnection converts magnetic energy into: - Kinetic energy (plasma jetting) - Ion heating - Electron heating -> Thermal and Supra-Thermal ...
... Reconnection converts magnetic energy into: - Kinetic energy (plasma jetting) - Ion heating - Electron heating -> Thermal and Supra-Thermal ...
High Resolution Flow Doppler Spectroscopy SSX
... shielding off its electrical influence. This phenomenon is known as Debye shielding. Assuming that the ions are massive and that the energy distribution of electrons is governed by Boltzmann statistics, it may be shown [2] from Poisson's equation (V' 2 V = -plEa) that in one dimension, the electric ...
... shielding off its electrical influence. This phenomenon is known as Debye shielding. Assuming that the ions are massive and that the energy distribution of electrons is governed by Boltzmann statistics, it may be shown [2] from Poisson's equation (V' 2 V = -plEa) that in one dimension, the electric ...
Velocity shear instability and plasma billows at the Earth`s magnetic
... the Earth´s magnetosphere. The physics that we learn via in situ observations can also provide lessons for remote scenarios of the universe that cannot be explored directly. The "the flow-driven" instability and its effects occur throughout the solar system. We call to mind the presence of KH in our ...
... the Earth´s magnetosphere. The physics that we learn via in situ observations can also provide lessons for remote scenarios of the universe that cannot be explored directly. The "the flow-driven" instability and its effects occur throughout the solar system. We call to mind the presence of KH in our ...
Numerical simulations of aligned neutron star magnetospheres
... Poisson equation in regions of non-zero charge density, and the Laplace equation elsewhere. However, in this case the equations are undetermined. We must not make any initial assumptions about where the plasma will be located, and therefore we do not know where the boundaries lie. Instead we use the ...
... Poisson equation in regions of non-zero charge density, and the Laplace equation elsewhere. However, in this case the equations are undetermined. We must not make any initial assumptions about where the plasma will be located, and therefore we do not know where the boundaries lie. Instead we use the ...
Electrostatic solitary waves in current layers
... Pickett et al., 2004), implying that the physical processes associated with the major super-substorm disturbance at Cluster around 09:47–09:55 are altered as compared to more quiet times in the plasma sheet. Finally, we mention for completeness that Cluster WBD is unable to distinguish positive pote ...
... Pickett et al., 2004), implying that the physical processes associated with the major super-substorm disturbance at Cluster around 09:47–09:55 are altered as compared to more quiet times in the plasma sheet. Finally, we mention for completeness that Cluster WBD is unable to distinguish positive pote ...
Magnitude of the Hall fields during magnetic reconnection
... anisotropy with pk − p? ’ 4nTe directly outside the jets of width ∼2re (typical of values observed in kinetic simulations), ∣r · P/(ne)∣ ’ 4nTe/(ne 2re) = vth,eB. This term is much larger than the reconnection electric field, Erec ’ 0.1VAB. The electron jets streaming near the thermal speed across t ...
... anisotropy with pk − p? ’ 4nTe directly outside the jets of width ∼2re (typical of values observed in kinetic simulations), ∣r · P/(ne)∣ ’ 4nTe/(ne 2re) = vth,eB. This term is much larger than the reconnection electric field, Erec ’ 0.1VAB. The electron jets streaming near the thermal speed across t ...
On the three-dimensional configuration of electrostatic solitary waves
... c1 /c0 =−1.5 , cm =0, (m≥2) illustrated in Fig. 1, where the shape of the equipotential curves is shown in Cartesian coordinates. Matching the solutions at the EH boundary of an arbitrary geometrical shape is a more difficult problem in mathematical aspect since the spherical coordinates are not mos ...
... c1 /c0 =−1.5 , cm =0, (m≥2) illustrated in Fig. 1, where the shape of the equipotential curves is shown in Cartesian coordinates. Matching the solutions at the EH boundary of an arbitrary geometrical shape is a more difficult problem in mathematical aspect since the spherical coordinates are not mos ...
An Experimental Study of Plasma Detachment
... conditions so as to minimize plasma to neutral interactions (e.g. particle sources and losses due to impact ionization or charge-exchange interactions) which will alter unimpeded fluxes and potentially mask the underlying physics. A third requirement involves exploring over an adequate scale length ...
... conditions so as to minimize plasma to neutral interactions (e.g. particle sources and losses due to impact ionization or charge-exchange interactions) which will alter unimpeded fluxes and potentially mask the underlying physics. A third requirement involves exploring over an adequate scale length ...
Spontaneous Emission of an Excited Atom in a Dusty Unmagnetized
... [5] P. A. M. Dirac, “The quantum theory of the emission and absorption of radiation,” Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol. 114, pp. 243–256, ...
... [5] P. A. M. Dirac, “The quantum theory of the emission and absorption of radiation,” Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol. 114, pp. 243–256, ...
INTERACTION OF LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE WAVES IN
... is due to the fact that the longitudinal and transverse waves interact only via superthermal particles, which are generally present in small numbers. This is due to the fact that the phase velocity of the longitudinal wave exceeds the thermal velocity. However,.other wave modes can propagate in a ma ...
... is due to the fact that the longitudinal and transverse waves interact only via superthermal particles, which are generally present in small numbers. This is due to the fact that the phase velocity of the longitudinal wave exceeds the thermal velocity. However,.other wave modes can propagate in a ma ...
Ion dynamics in electron beam–plasma interaction: particle-in
... by the pronounced peak at kL λD ≈ 0.075 in the power spectrum (panel b). The amplitude modulation is the result of linear interference of unstable waves with wave numbers in a small range round kL . The structure moves in beam direction with almost the group velocity of the dominating mode vgr ≈ 0.2 ...
... by the pronounced peak at kL λD ≈ 0.075 in the power spectrum (panel b). The amplitude modulation is the result of linear interference of unstable waves with wave numbers in a small range round kL . The structure moves in beam direction with almost the group velocity of the dominating mode vgr ≈ 0.2 ...
Recent Topics on the Development of Negative Ion Sources for High
... (3) A sheath condition of negative ion plasmas. and (4) Fast beam choppins; in negative ion sources are also described m thiS paper. The configuration of a plasma sheath in the beam extraction region of a negative ion souree would be quite different and complicated compared with that of an ordinary ...
... (3) A sheath condition of negative ion plasmas. and (4) Fast beam choppins; in negative ion sources are also described m thiS paper. The configuration of a plasma sheath in the beam extraction region of a negative ion souree would be quite different and complicated compared with that of an ordinary ...
GRBItalySABER
... GRB have 108 more power than the required (experiment) one Stochastic resonance and formation of plasma wave GRB is not coherent but have more power than needed. Can the extra power supply coherence? ...
... GRB have 108 more power than the required (experiment) one Stochastic resonance and formation of plasma wave GRB is not coherent but have more power than needed. Can the extra power supply coherence? ...
Upper ionosphere of Mars is not axially symmetrical
... Fig. 6. Maps of the mean values of the electron number density in the bin 40 km × 1◦ as a function of altitude and solar zenith angle. Black shaded bins have values lower or equal than the low threshold of the MARSIS instrument (n e ∼ 10–20 cm−3 ). ...
... Fig. 6. Maps of the mean values of the electron number density in the bin 40 km × 1◦ as a function of altitude and solar zenith angle. Black shaded bins have values lower or equal than the low threshold of the MARSIS instrument (n e ∼ 10–20 cm−3 ). ...
The energetics of relativistic magnetic reconnection: ion
... the density profile ncs (x) = ncs (0)/cosh2 (x/L), with bulk velocities Ue and Ui = −Ue in the ±y directions. We denote the associated Lorentz factors by Γe and Γi . Each species follows a Maxwell-Jüttner distribution. The parameters of the current sheet are given in Table 2. They actually differ by ...
... the density profile ncs (x) = ncs (0)/cosh2 (x/L), with bulk velocities Ue and Ui = −Ue in the ±y directions. We denote the associated Lorentz factors by Γe and Γi . Each species follows a Maxwell-Jüttner distribution. The parameters of the current sheet are given in Table 2. They actually differ by ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.