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A probabilistic analysis of human influence on
A probabilistic analysis of human influence on

... average monthly temperatures exceeding the 20th century average for each corresponding month resulting in a total of 346 months. Such a fact would seem to strongly support the hypothesis that global warming is occurring, but the question remains: how strong is this evidence (Bowman et al., 2010)? Ev ...
Appetite for Change - Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute
Appetite for Change - Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute

... climate, high temperatures in summer but much lower temperatures in winter, low rainfall and high evaporation. It has a highly variable climate with some very wet years leading to large­-scale flooding, such as in 2010­-11 and 1974­-75. Temperatures in the region have increased significantly over th ...
the calm before the storm
the calm before the storm

How uncertainties in future climate change predictions translate into
How uncertainties in future climate change predictions translate into

... We describe here the changes in land temperature and PPT deduced from Eqn (5) as well as those of SWC as calculated into SLAVE. This is a necessary first step to further understand in the following how climate will impact the modeled land uptake of CO2. Regarding temperature, we focus here on three ...
Psychological Impacts of Global Climate Change
Psychological Impacts of Global Climate Change

... climate change can have psychological impacts even on individuals and communities that do not experience direct physical impacts (see Reser & Swim, 2011). Experiences of impacts often occur via virtual media representations of climate change rather than from changes in global weather patterns or ong ...
Research Paper: Climate Change and Resource Sustainability
Research Paper: Climate Change and Resource Sustainability

... Actuaries are becoming more aware of the combined impact of climate change and limitations of resources—two separate and very significant issues—putting at risk the sustainability of the current socio-economic systems that support our way of life. Although actuaries do not claim professional experti ...
Value of information for climate observing systems
Value of information for climate observing systems

... (Arrow et al. 1996; Stern 2008). Three integrated assessment models (IAMs) are used to couple emissions to temperature rise, and to climate damages: DICE (Nordhaus 2008), FUND (Anthoff and Tol 2010; Tol 2002) and PAGE (Hope 2006). These IAMs combine simple climate, carbon cycle, and economic models ...
Emerging responses to climate change in pastoral systems
Emerging responses to climate change in pastoral systems

... change. It identified a wide range of technical and institutional innovations that pastoralists developed to adapt to new conditions, while seeking food security, sustainable resource management and improved governance within their socio-political units. Many of these innovations are related to main ...
Exxon`s Climate Footprint
Exxon`s Climate Footprint

... change. Other GCC members, such as Ford, General Motors, Shell and BP, left the Coalition as the scientific consensus on climate change became stronger. Exxon and the then separate Mobil both remained members until the group was disbanded.14 ExxonMobil also took part in planning a $6 million America ...
Future Climate: Projected Average
Future Climate: Projected Average

... Southwest and is closely related to Chapter 7, which is concerned with the implications of climate change on shorter period phenomena, especially extreme events. The projections derive from the outcomes of several global climate models, and associated “downscaled” regional climate simulations, using ...
Outcome and Indian stance in COPs 1 - 21
Outcome and Indian stance in COPs 1 - 21

... As it was also decided to begin a process for developing legal arrangements for enhancing actions of all parties under the Convention. India ensured that the new arrangements, which have to be decided by 2015 and implemented from 2020 are established under the Convention. ...
Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Policy Document
Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Policy Document

... mechanism to address the common concerns and challenges faced by the Arctic governments and people of the Arctic. In the last several years, the issue of climate impacts in the Arctic has been the subject of increased concern, as reflected in the Arctic Council’s sponsorship, together with the Inter ...
Climatic classification and future global
Climatic classification and future global

PDF
PDF

... monetization and cost-benefit techniques introduces inconsistencies. This of course is the consequence of using equity weights only for specific policy areas, i.e. climate change, which is wrong from a theoretical point of view. Equity weights are an all-or-nothing thing: Once a decision-maker opts ...
Climate Change: Potential Effects on Human Health in New Zealand
Climate Change: Potential Effects on Human Health in New Zealand

... Impacts There is now agreement among most climate scientists that the globe has begun to warm as a result of increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The degree of future warming and associated other climatic changes for the next 100 years is still uncertain, but expected to b ...
Climate change and the groundwater
Climate change and the groundwater

... times, but the rate of increase has never been so fast in its entire geologic time as it has been in recent times. Since the Industrial Revolution in 1750 up until 2009, an increase of approximately 38% in the atmospheric level of CO 2 has been noticed 6. Figure 4 shows the rise in CO 2 concentratio ...
Control + 1 – Block Headings
Control + 1 – Block Headings

... US-Russia relations solve nuclear war and every major impact Allison & Blackwill, ’11 [Graham, director of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard’s Kennedy School, former assistant secretary of defense in the Clinton administration, Robert D., Henry A. Kissinger senior fe ...
Climate Change packet
Climate Change packet

... 1) How certain are scientists that humans are causing global climate change? Describe the language used by scientists and some of the particular climate trends they have identified as changing. If the scientific community is convinced of the evidence, why is there still debate? Answer: Nearly all en ...
Climate Change Negotiations: The United Nations Framework
Climate Change Negotiations: The United Nations Framework

... negotiations to address the threat of climate change. However, while many commitments to reduce emissions have been made under the Convention, emissions continue to rise, causing greenhouse gases to accumulate in the atmosphere. To meet the latest timetable for developing a new agreement, accepted a ...
ICLEI Milestone 2 Report Climate Changes and Impacts for the City
ICLEI Milestone 2 Report Climate Changes and Impacts for the City

... especially for climate stations with shorter records. Most of the region experienced little change in annual precipitation, with small increases in the west, including at YVR (~10mm/decade), and decreases in the east. The major outlier was Grouse Mountain which experienced a large decrease of -147mm ...
Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability and public
Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability and public

... in the future. Nor would it allow early implementation of policies for adaptation to some level of climate change, which is now inevitable owing to past GHG emissions. Therefore, the best estimation of the future health effects of climate change will necessarily come from risk assessment based on cu ...
the Climate Change Report here…
the Climate Change Report here…

... dries out, reports of oil companies funding 'anti-climate change' institutes or news of someone making apocalyptic predictions that suggest mankind will be dead before breakfast, climate change is a hard subject to avoid. The basic science behind climate change is now accepted by the overwhelming ma ...
USA–NPN Attributed Publications - USA National Phenology Network
USA–NPN Attributed Publications - USA National Phenology Network

... Mazer, S. J. et al. Flowering date of taxonomic families predicts phenological sensitivity to temperature: Implications for forecasting the effects of climate change on unstudied taxa. American Journal of Botany ...
assessing trade and business groups` positions on climate change
assessing trade and business groups` positions on climate change

IELRC.ORG - Cultural Legitimacy and Regulatory Transitions for
IELRC.ORG - Cultural Legitimacy and Regulatory Transitions for

... International climate change regulation poses some fundamental legitimacy issues. This is principally because the spatial and temporal challenges thrown up by rising global temperature do not lend themselves to easy regulation for several reasons.1 Firstly, although atmospheric concentration of gree ...
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Climate change denial

Climate change denial, or global warming denial, involves denial, dismissal, or unwarranted doubt about the scientific consensus on the rate and extent of global warming, the extent to which it is caused by humans, its impacts on nature and human society, or the potential for human actions to reduce these impacts. Climate change skepticism and climate change denial form an overlapping range of views, and generally have the same characteristics; both reject to a greater or lesser extent current scientific opinion on climate change. Climate change denial can also be implicit, when individuals or social groups accept the science but divert their attention to less difficult topics rather than take action. Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism.In the global warming controversy, campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a ""denial machine"" of industrial, political and ideological interests, supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming. In the public debate, phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism. The labels are contested: those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as ""skeptics"", but many do not comply with scientific skepticism and, regardless of evidence, continue to deny the validity of human caused global warming.Although there is a scientific consensus that human activity is the primary driver of climate change, the politics of global warming has been impacted by climate change denial, hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate. Typically, public debate on climate change denial may have the appearance of legitimate scientific discourse, but does not conform to scientific principles.Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of CO2 emissions. Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby, the Koch brothers, industry advocates and libertarian think tanks, often in the United States. Between 2002 and 2010, nearly $120 million (£77 million) was anonymously donated, some by conservative billionaires via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund, to more than 100 organizations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change. In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network (SPN), an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks, had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation.
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