Climate politics in the lower Mekong basin
... be defined as ‘a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity’ (IPCC 2001, p. 995). Climate vulnerabilities vary between countries and regions, providing different incentives for action. However, what is ...
... be defined as ‘a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity’ (IPCC 2001, p. 995). Climate vulnerabilities vary between countries and regions, providing different incentives for action. However, what is ...
i2146e00
... according to the population of different country groupings in 2000; (b) distribution of regional GHG emissions per USD of GDP (PPP) over the GDP of different country groupings in 2000 ... 30 2.19 Share of different anthropogenic GHGs in total emissions in 2004 in terms of CO2-eq ............. 31 2.2 ...
... according to the population of different country groupings in 2000; (b) distribution of regional GHG emissions per USD of GDP (PPP) over the GDP of different country groupings in 2000 ... 30 2.19 Share of different anthropogenic GHGs in total emissions in 2004 in terms of CO2-eq ............. 31 2.2 ...
chapter
... 228.1 cm (89.8 in.) during an average year, whereas students at the university in Karachi, Pakistan, measure only 20.4 cm (8 in.) of rain over an entire year. Climates greatly influence ecosystems, the natural, selfregulating communities formed by plants and animals in their nonliving environment. O ...
... 228.1 cm (89.8 in.) during an average year, whereas students at the university in Karachi, Pakistan, measure only 20.4 cm (8 in.) of rain over an entire year. Climates greatly influence ecosystems, the natural, selfregulating communities formed by plants and animals in their nonliving environment. O ...
Great Barrier Reef - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... reefs. Short periods of warm sea temperature, once probably harmless but now building on the higher sea temperatures due to climate change, have pushed corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts above their thermal tolerance. This has resulted in episodes of mass coral bleaching that have increased i ...
... reefs. Short periods of warm sea temperature, once probably harmless but now building on the higher sea temperatures due to climate change, have pushed corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts above their thermal tolerance. This has resulted in episodes of mass coral bleaching that have increased i ...
Climate change data and risk assessment methodologies for the
... Figure 3-8. Active sea level gauges in the Caribbean, as reported by the PSMSL. The colors of the symbols indicate the length of record, and most are 30 years or less. ............................26 Figure 3-9. Sea level (monthly and annual mean) for a gauge in Cristobal (Panama). This is one of the ...
... Figure 3-8. Active sea level gauges in the Caribbean, as reported by the PSMSL. The colors of the symbols indicate the length of record, and most are 30 years or less. ............................26 Figure 3-9. Sea level (monthly and annual mean) for a gauge in Cristobal (Panama). This is one of the ...
Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction strategies
... variability. Climate change has the potential to alter and increase such risks, through changing the frequency and/or intensity of weather extremes or climate variability phenomena and by adding new risks such as accelerated sea-level rise. The impacts of these climate events especially affect land- ...
... variability. Climate change has the potential to alter and increase such risks, through changing the frequency and/or intensity of weather extremes or climate variability phenomena and by adding new risks such as accelerated sea-level rise. The impacts of these climate events especially affect land- ...
The Climate and Development Challenge for Latin America
... by increases in ambient temperatures and other changing climate conditions............25 Changes in hydrology.....................................................................................................................25 Potential rainforest dieback........................................... ...
... by increases in ambient temperatures and other changing climate conditions............25 Changes in hydrology.....................................................................................................................25 Potential rainforest dieback........................................... ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES LIFE David Albouy
... values primarily reflect impacts of exposure to climate on comfort, activity, and health, including time use (Graff Zivin and Neidell 2012) and mortality risk (Barreca et al. 2013, Deschênes and Greenstone 2011). They exclude costs from residential heating, cooling, and insulation. As such, the valu ...
... values primarily reflect impacts of exposure to climate on comfort, activity, and health, including time use (Graff Zivin and Neidell 2012) and mortality risk (Barreca et al. 2013, Deschênes and Greenstone 2011). They exclude costs from residential heating, cooling, and insulation. As such, the valu ...
Advancing a Political Ecology of Global Environmental Discourses
... multiple levels come through the actions and practices of government agents, individuals and civil society, and the alliances formed between them. In this article we define discourses as knowledge regimes and explore the impacts of policies which are derived from these. In adopting this approach we ...
... multiple levels come through the actions and practices of government agents, individuals and civil society, and the alliances formed between them. In this article we define discourses as knowledge regimes and explore the impacts of policies which are derived from these. In adopting this approach we ...
a chapter for the Handbook of Macroeconomics
... other inputs. Thus, we apply the notion of “directed technical change” in this context and propose it as an interesting avenue for conducting further macroeconomic research within the area of sustainability more broadly. Finally, Section 2 should be viewed as a delivering a building block for the IA ...
... other inputs. Thus, we apply the notion of “directed technical change” in this context and propose it as an interesting avenue for conducting further macroeconomic research within the area of sustainability more broadly. Finally, Section 2 should be viewed as a delivering a building block for the IA ...
Article - Biogeosciences
... carbon fluxes. We investigated to what extent and at which temporal scales, climatic variability and changes in ecosystem functional properties determined the IAV of the carbon balance. Empirical models were used as tools to estimate the seasonal and interannual variation of the ecosystem functional ...
... carbon fluxes. We investigated to what extent and at which temporal scales, climatic variability and changes in ecosystem functional properties determined the IAV of the carbon balance. Empirical models were used as tools to estimate the seasonal and interannual variation of the ecosystem functional ...
National Greenhouse Accounts (NGA) Factors
... provided in this document. For example, if a company decides to report on emissions from an off-site activity, and has the necessary data, then the direct (or point-source) emission factor could be used to calculate emissions, and these emissions would be reported as scope 3. For fuel use, the compa ...
... provided in this document. For example, if a company decides to report on emissions from an off-site activity, and has the necessary data, then the direct (or point-source) emission factor could be used to calculate emissions, and these emissions would be reported as scope 3. For fuel use, the compa ...
Vulnerability of Infrastructure to Climate Variability: How Does This
... $3.9 billion per year in the 1950’s and had spiraled to $40 billion annually by the 1990’s (IPCC 2001c). Approximately one quarter of yearly losses are in the developing world (IPCC 2001c)—$10 billion annually in the 1990’s. When nonweather events, primarily earthquakes, are added to these totals, t ...
... $3.9 billion per year in the 1950’s and had spiraled to $40 billion annually by the 1990’s (IPCC 2001c). Approximately one quarter of yearly losses are in the developing world (IPCC 2001c)—$10 billion annually in the 1990’s. When nonweather events, primarily earthquakes, are added to these totals, t ...
CONFALONIERI 2007 Human Health
... impacts of climate change, current and future populations at risk, and the strategies, policies and measures that have been and can be taken to reduce impacts. The chapter reviews the knowledge that has emerged since the Third Assessment Report (TAR) (McMichael et al., 2001). Published research cont ...
... impacts of climate change, current and future populations at risk, and the strategies, policies and measures that have been and can be taken to reduce impacts. The chapter reviews the knowledge that has emerged since the Third Assessment Report (TAR) (McMichael et al., 2001). Published research cont ...
Saturation of the terrestrial carbon sink
... to ambient levels (Jasoni et al. 2005). These examples illustrate that a variety of responses of NEP to CO2 can occur in different ecosystems. In summary, ecosystem responses to large step increases of CO2 concentration can show a strong saturation behavior driven by resource limitation. Plant growt ...
... to ambient levels (Jasoni et al. 2005). These examples illustrate that a variety of responses of NEP to CO2 can occur in different ecosystems. In summary, ecosystem responses to large step increases of CO2 concentration can show a strong saturation behavior driven by resource limitation. Plant growt ...
2016: global heat record broken again
... temperatures rather than the 20th century, the extent to which our climate has warmed is even more alarming. In fact, 2016’s temperature is estimated to be nearly 1.1°C above the pre-industrial baseline (UK Met Office 2017). The Paris Agreement commits countries to doing everything possible to limit ...
... temperatures rather than the 20th century, the extent to which our climate has warmed is even more alarming. In fact, 2016’s temperature is estimated to be nearly 1.1°C above the pre-industrial baseline (UK Met Office 2017). The Paris Agreement commits countries to doing everything possible to limit ...
The Diverse Role Of Humans Need to Broaden the Perspective Presented to
... and ranges in 2005 for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radia ...
... and ranges in 2005 for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radia ...
Chapter 17.
... carnivores at the southern limits of their distribution, they are the “canaries in the coal mine” for regional climate change (Stirling and Derocher 1993). They require ice as a platform from which to hunt seals, as habitat on which to seek mates and breed, as a surface on which to travel long dista ...
... carnivores at the southern limits of their distribution, they are the “canaries in the coal mine” for regional climate change (Stirling and Derocher 1993). They require ice as a platform from which to hunt seals, as habitat on which to seek mates and breed, as a surface on which to travel long dista ...
On picking winners - the basic PDF update here.
... Neoclassical concepts of external costs aren’t wrong, but they need to be understood in a dynamic and practical sense. Policy also needs to harness innovation through policies that encourage investment in renewable energy. Renewable energy policy needs to be dynamic, because the technologies are new ...
... Neoclassical concepts of external costs aren’t wrong, but they need to be understood in a dynamic and practical sense. Policy also needs to harness innovation through policies that encourage investment in renewable energy. Renewable energy policy needs to be dynamic, because the technologies are new ...
Adaptation to climate change ininternationalriver basins in Africa: a
... Rainfall in Southern Africa is likely to decrease in much of the southern hemisphere winter rainfall region and western margins. Annual rainfall in East Africa is likely to increase but it is unclear how rainfall in the Sahel, the Guinean Coast and the southern Sahara will evolve. ...
... Rainfall in Southern Africa is likely to decrease in much of the southern hemisphere winter rainfall region and western margins. Annual rainfall in East Africa is likely to increase but it is unclear how rainfall in the Sahel, the Guinean Coast and the southern Sahara will evolve. ...
Global Warming: Forecasts by Scientists versus Scientific Forecasts
... was commissioned at great cost in order to provide policy recommendations to governments. It included predictions of dramatic and harmful increases in average world temperatures over the next 92 years. Using forecasting principles as our guide we asked, are these forecasts a good basis for developin ...
... was commissioned at great cost in order to provide policy recommendations to governments. It included predictions of dramatic and harmful increases in average world temperatures over the next 92 years. Using forecasting principles as our guide we asked, are these forecasts a good basis for developin ...
Long-Term Climate Change Commitment and Reversibility: An EMIC Intercomparison Please share
... climate change humanity faces and represents a benchmark against which to measure the effect of future emissions. Most studies consider the ‘‘warming commitment,’’ but here we use the broader term ‘‘climate change commitment’’ to include other aspects of climate change such as sea level rise (Wigley ...
... climate change humanity faces and represents a benchmark against which to measure the effect of future emissions. Most studies consider the ‘‘warming commitment,’’ but here we use the broader term ‘‘climate change commitment’’ to include other aspects of climate change such as sea level rise (Wigley ...
Suitability of European climate for the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes
... are driven by the simulations of the ensemble of 10 regional climate models (RCMs) to evaluate how suitability for the mosquito might change in the near future (e.g. 2030–2050). This ensemble includes the most up-to-date RCMs that are routinely run by the biggest climate centres in Europe to study c ...
... are driven by the simulations of the ensemble of 10 regional climate models (RCMs) to evaluate how suitability for the mosquito might change in the near future (e.g. 2030–2050). This ensemble includes the most up-to-date RCMs that are routinely run by the biggest climate centres in Europe to study c ...
Future humidity trends over the western United States in the CMIP5
... is important given the large number of published climate change studies that have analyzed streamflow or runoff using this approach. Results from VIC have informed our understanding of the effects of climate change on runoff, streamflow, wildfire, and snowpack in the western US and around the world, ...
... is important given the large number of published climate change studies that have analyzed streamflow or runoff using this approach. Results from VIC have informed our understanding of the effects of climate change on runoff, streamflow, wildfire, and snowpack in the western US and around the world, ...
Paulo Nobre
... The Challenge: • To build an Earth System Model in Brazil, from state of the art component models in the nation and abroad: 1. To incorporate expert knowledge about ocean-iceatmosphere-biosphere interactions of relevance to Brazil; 2. To provide the scientific foundations of global climate change s ...
... The Challenge: • To build an Earth System Model in Brazil, from state of the art component models in the nation and abroad: 1. To incorporate expert knowledge about ocean-iceatmosphere-biosphere interactions of relevance to Brazil; 2. To provide the scientific foundations of global climate change s ...