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Review of the White Paper on the contribution of the GFCS to
Review of the White Paper on the contribution of the GFCS to

... achieving the SDGs and their related targets. Improved climate services, in support of the SDGs, will ensure that user communities make climate-smart decisions and that climate information is disseminated effectively and in a manner that lends itself more easily to practical action. Effective develo ...
$doc.title

... criticality  rating  methods  suitable  for  complete,  multimodal,  regional  transportation  networks.   ...
Riedy CAGs-AUS-ED_accepted - OPUS at UTS
Riedy CAGs-AUS-ED_accepted - OPUS at UTS

... concerns and motivations around climate change into public space. Essentially, the group provided a facilitating mechanism for this move from the private sphere to the public sphere. The CAGs consisted of like-minded people, mostly middle class, highly educated, often free from immediate family resp ...
On Welfare Frameworks and Catastrophic Climate Risks
On Welfare Frameworks and Catastrophic Climate Risks

... should be. The key issue is: How should we ‘value’ catastrophic outcomes as a society? If we attempt to address this question via Harsanyi-style aggregation over the preferences of diverse individuals, some counterintuitive results are possible. While individuals are unlikely to be willing to pay la ...
i3084e04
i3084e04

... es the importance of socio-economic influencing vulnerability factors for the adaptive capacity of Source: Engle (2011). a system, especially highlighting the integral role of institutions, governance and management in determining the ability to adapt to climate change (Smith and Pilifosova, 2001; B ...
Abstract Key words - OpenDocs Home
Abstract Key words - OpenDocs Home

... (IPCC) concluded that warming is unequivocal, and “very likely” (with 90%95% probability than the 66%-90% probability in 2001) that warming is due to human activity.32 The effects of climate change include increase in global mean temperature [commonly referred to as global warming], increase in glob ...
A 5˚C Arctic in a 2˚C World
A 5˚C Arctic in a 2˚C World

... trajectory of the Arctic through mitigation is global modulation of atmospheric GHGs, especially CO2. Another principal tool is solar radiation management (SRM), i.e., the dimming of the incoming solar radiation. Because global GHG concentrations are determined by emissions, which emission scenario ...
PDF
PDF

... energy sources; should they make a transition towards a ’low-carbon economy’; how will resource rents for energy producing countries change; should they leave reserves of high-carbon resources (e.g. coal) unexploited, at least for a while? In a standard static partial equilibrium setting, a CO2 emis ...
Climate and the Carbon Cycle - CARBO
Climate and the Carbon Cycle - CARBO

... extremes, what has been discovered, and what we still need to learn to better understand the future fate of the European carbon cycle. ...
Indicators of Canada`s Changing Climate
Indicators of Canada`s Changing Climate

... retain heat from the Earth’s surface. They are a small but extremely important part of the planet’s natural atmosphere – so important, in fact, that without them, Earth would be some 33°C cooler than it is now and too cold to support life. Since the early days of the industrial revolution some 200 y ...
Proposed NSF Center on Climate Decision Making Carnegie Mellon
Proposed NSF Center on Climate Decision Making Carnegie Mellon

... Once results from the climate science elicitation studies from Part 1 become available, we will use them, along with the other sector-specific information we have developed, to begin to create a set of decision support tools that are appropriate given the limitations on the predictive information th ...
Second National Communication to the United Nations
Second National Communication to the United Nations

... ECO-Asia Clean Development and Climate Program ...
On forced temperature changes, internal variability
On forced temperature changes, internal variability

... and anthropogenic (well-mixed greenhouse gases and Northern Hemisphere mean tropospheric aerosol) radiative forcing [see Mann, 2011; Mann et al., 2012]. T is the temperature of the Earth’s surface (approximated at the surface of a 70 m depth mixed layer ocean covering 70% of the Earth’s surface area ...
Seedling Growth Performance of Cassia fistula (Linn.) Using Climate
Seedling Growth Performance of Cassia fistula (Linn.) Using Climate

... with experimental settings to facilitate the survival and make best use of suitable species as well. The aim of the study was to assess the early growth performance of Cassia fistula using Climate change scenarios for Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted in the nursery and tree propagation labor ...
climate change under nepa: avoiding cursory consideration of
climate change under nepa: avoiding cursory consideration of

... alternative or commit to any specific mitigation measures.7 In fact, while NEPA requires agencies “to consider and give effect to the environmental goals set forth in the Act [and] not just to file detailed impact studies which will fill governmental archives,”8 the agencies are largely free to purs ...
Climate Change and College Students
Climate Change and College Students

... thinking astray on the issue of global climate change, such as the distinction between weather and climate (Lombardi and Sinatra 2010). As an example, when students are asked about their views on climate change, they often recall from their personal experience very cold periods and use their recolle ...
impact of climate change to small scale farmers
impact of climate change to small scale farmers

... length of growing seasons and yield potential, particularly along the margins of semi-arid and arid areas are expected to decrease (Mubaya et al., 2010:172). Consequently, affects small scale subsistence farmers in terms of productivity, food security and family income. However, in middle and higher ...
The weather@home regional climate modelling project for Australia
The weather@home regional climate modelling project for Australia

... internal climate variability and forced external changes, such as the warming effect caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions. In light of this challenge, an emerging field of climate science (known as event attribution) is seeking to quantify how the risk of weather and climate-related extremes ...
The Kyoto Protocol accounting rules
The Kyoto Protocol accounting rules

... Broadly, the ‘assigned amount’ is the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions that a country is permitted over the Kyoto Protocol agreement period. Under Article 3.1 of the Kyoto Protocol, 5 Australia is to meet a target of 108 per cent of its 1990 emission levels annually by the end of the five-ye ...
The Rockefeller Way - Energy and Environmental Legal Institute
The Rockefeller Way - Energy and Environmental Legal Institute

... hedge funds, interlocking boards positions, and non-profit organizations has steered public policy on these issues and provided them with foreknowledge of emerging markets and access to the developing worlds’ natural resources. Since the beginning of their philanthropic endeavors, the Rockefellers h ...
climate change and education maldives
climate change and education maldives

... that the adaptation activities should be supportive to the achievement of the mdgs and they must have development-focus. according to undP-geF, the starting point for developing national responses is strengthening adaptive capacity and ensuring the stakeholders’ involvement and public participation. ...
Combating Global Climate Change - University of Michigan Law
Combating Global Climate Change - University of Michigan Law

... into the United States. A carbon tax would enable the market to account for the societal costs of carbon dioxide emissions and thereby promote emission reductions, just like a cap and trade system. A carbon tax would be easier to implement and enforce, however, and simpler to adjust if the resulting ...
Climate change and the slow reorientation of the American car
Climate change and the slow reorientation of the American car

... strategies oriented towards low-carbon propulsion technologies. We use a mixed methodology with a quantitative analysis of various time-series and an in-depth qualitative case study, which traces interactions between problem-related pressures and industry responses. We conclude that U.S. automakers ...
The Global Fossil Fuel Divestment and Clean Energy - Divest
The Global Fossil Fuel Divestment and Clean Energy - Divest

... climate risk as a fiduciary concern. BlackRock argues that “the longer an asset owner’s time horizon, the more climate-related risks compound. Yet even short-term investors can be affected by regulatory and policy developments, technological disruption, or an extreme weather event.”12 Similarly, Mer ...
Kiribati
Kiribati

... increasing trends in the global temperature, sea level, and of the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, principally carbon dioxide, from industrial processes. In response, the World Meteorological Organisation and the United Nations Environmental Programme in 1988 jointly established the ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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