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Climate Change and the Marine Environment
Climate Change and the Marine Environment

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Chapter 14: Climate Change
Chapter 14: Climate Change

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... China and the United States could be the key to success. The two presidents have already made public declarations of their joint determination to address climate change, and could help to convince other world leaders of the need for action. However, as the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernm ...
Anthropogenic Climate Change
Anthropogenic Climate Change

... measure of the influence a factor has in altering the balance of incoming and outgoing energy in the Earthatmosphere system and is an index of the importance of the factor as a potential climate change mechanism. In this report radiative forcing values are for changes relative to preindustrial condi ...
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... 2006 - Carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning and industry reach eight billion tonnes per year. 2007 - The IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report concludes it is more than 90% likely that humanity's emissions of greenhouse gases are responsible for modern-day climate change. 2007 - The IPCC and former U ...
Mitigation of air pollution and climate change in China
Mitigation of air pollution and climate change in China

... Environmental improvement, as well as energy saving and new and renewable energy development, should be put into the priority list for GHG-reduction in China. China should support CDM stronger with consideration of co-benefits. China should have more active air pollution programs and ecological rest ...
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South Africa and climate change

... • No concrete targets and timelines • Vagueness means that alignment with other policies, legislation and regulation = difficult • Long term goal of limiting global temp rise to at least 2ºC – but the African position is 1.5ºC? • Fair contribution to the global effort vs leadership role • Precaution ...
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Forest and soil carbon do not offset fossil fuel emissions

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World must urgently up action to cut a further 25% from predicted

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Legal Imperative of Climate Change Action

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Climate change projections

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Global Climate Change

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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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