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Ontario`s Climate Change Strategy
Ontario`s Climate Change Strategy

... Understanding Climate Change Climate change is defined as any significant change in long-term weather patterns. It can apply to any major variation in temperature, wind patterns or precipitation that occurs over time. Global warming describes the recent rise in the average global temperature. Since ...
The effects of large-scale afforestation and climate change on water
The effects of large-scale afforestation and climate change on water

... future commercial use, it is also expected to contribute towards biodiversity, salinity management and carbon sequestration objectives. Australia has also argued for the use of increases in vegetation biomass as an allowed mechanism to meet CO2 emission targets (1990 levels plus 8%) set by the Kyoto ...
published
published

... Although climate change is occurring at a global scale, related impacts are experienced locally. Downscaled global circulation models that project changes in future climate conditions at local and regional scales sharpen the focus on climate change-related impacts to human systems (IPCC Fifth Assess ...
Ireland`s Response to the EU`s 2030 Energy and Climate Change
Ireland`s Response to the EU`s 2030 Energy and Climate Change

... support their actions; and the plan should cover the period to 2030 and anticipate how Ireland will be impacted by tougher emissions targets after 2020. As things stand, the farming sector is, arguably, set to get a free ride at the expense of other sectors of the economy and the general taxpayer. ...
Policy Brief Series - IOM Online Bookstore
Policy Brief Series - IOM Online Bookstore

... mobility articulated by the least developed countries. While AOSIS and the G-77 had previously not officially considered the proposal, the latter is now spearheading a drive for its reinclusion in Paris negotiations. Many countries, including Mauritius, have much to gain if the international communi ...
PDF
PDF

... catchment are equal to inflows (net of evaporation and seepage) less extractions (net of return flows). Extractions are determined endogenously by land use decisions as described above, subject to limits imposed by the availability of both surface and ground water. Agricultural land and water use in ...
Demographic Amplification of Climate Change Experienced by the
Demographic Amplification of Climate Change Experienced by the

... growth must be viewed as incomplete, and interpreted not as a complete examination of climatic and non-climatic contributors to population growth at any one point in time, but rather as an assessment of changes over time in the relative importance of a select few potential climatic and non-climatic ...
PDF
PDF

... recordings, and a virtual non-recording period between 1989 and 1999. However, the first segment does depict flow irregularity, with abnormal peaks every three or so years. This is only partly due to seasonal fluctuations. These peaks are not ...
Adapting to Climate Change: Natural Resource Management and
Adapting to Climate Change: Natural Resource Management and

... The disasters community has yet to adequately internalise the very direct implications of a changing climate – i.e., the increased frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events. There are a number of reasons for these unrealised linkages between both communities, some of which will be touched u ...
All Countries Need to Take Major Steps on Climate Change: Global
All Countries Need to Take Major Steps on Climate Change: Global

... percent say no steps are necessary, though large numbers do not answer (26%). Not surprisingly, those who have heard more about climate change are more willing to take action. Among those who indicate they have heard nothing at all about global warming, only 47 percent support significant measures. ...
Demographics of true and false climate facts
Demographics of true and false climate facts

... information themselves through news media, blogs, and other sources, and in framing new information they encounter. Often their efforts tend to strengthen existing beliefs instead of change them, leading to greater polarization. Similar ideas arise frequently in studies of climate change beliefs, wi ...
Introduction
Introduction

... Task 6.2.1: Preparation of impact models for scenario analysis (DJF, DISAT, FUB, SMHI, UREADMM) (Completed) Task 6.2.2: Collection of data for the calibration and testing of impact models and as reference data for model input (DISAT, FUB, ULUND, UREADMM) (Completed) Task 6.2.3: Design of sensitivity ...
global_cooling_ESS_analysis_final
global_cooling_ESS_analysis_final

... In their recently published research paper entitled "Is the climate warming or cooling?", David Easterling of the U.S. National Climate Data Center and Michael Wehner of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory show that naturally occurring periods of no warming or even slight cooling can easily be par ...
observed climate changes in georgia georgia temperature history
observed climate changes in georgia georgia temperature history

... variability from year-to-year and decade-to-decade plays a greater role in Georgia’s climate than any long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Georgia’s climate into the future. At the century timescale, Georgia’s climate shows no statically significant trend in statewi ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Framework for
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Framework for

... on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) has concluded that “warming of the climate system is unequivocal [...and that]. anthropogenic warming and sea level rise is likely to continue for centuries [...] even if greenhouse gas concentrations are stabilised”. The position of world leading scientists is clear – ...
full publication
full publication

... An overview of the discourse The research found that the climate change discourse in the UK today looks confusing, contradictory and chaotic. For every argument or perspective, whether on the scale of the problem, its nature, seriousness, causation or reversibility, there is a voice declaring its op ...
Implications of land use change in tropical northern Africa under
Implications of land use change in tropical northern Africa under

... land use and associated land cover change, mainly where subsistence farming prevails. Here we assess possible feedbacks between the type of land use and harvest intensity and climate by analysing a series of idealized GCM experiments using the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM). The b ...
IIASA International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
IIASA International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

... modern energy (IIASA/GEA) • World primary energy demand expected to increase by 33% between 2011 & 2035 (IEA) • Energy production and consumption contributes over 80% of global GHG emissions (IIASA) ...
climate change and agriculture - Canadian Institute of Planners
climate change and agriculture - Canadian Institute of Planners

... have extensive working knowledge of low input agriculture systems. This group has endured centuries of religious persecution which drove them into marginal agriculture areas, where they developed new methods of farming (Mage and Fletcher, 1989; Hostetler, 1980). This knowledge of marginal, low input ...
NGOs in Economic Diplomacy
NGOs in Economic Diplomacy

... In many ways, the term ‘Non-Governmental Organization’ is a bad place to start. It describes what a given institution is not, rather than what it is, and so leads to considerable confusion over what the category includes – business associations? Churches? Trades unions? Families? The phrase ‘non-gov ...
What will global annual emissions of greenhouse gases be in
What will global annual emissions of greenhouse gases be in

... However, when the achievement of net negative emissions is assumed, four published model pathways suggest that the rise in global average temperature could be limited to less than 2°C. These pathways have a median value of 53 Gt CO2e in 2020, reducing to 47 Gt CO2e in 2030, 28 Gt CO2e in 2050 and - ...
Which Countries are Particularly Vulnerable?
Which Countries are Particularly Vulnerable?

... ‘… low-lying and other small island countries, countries with low-lying coastal, arid and semi-arid areas or areas liable to floods, drought and desertification, and developing countries with fragile mountainous ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change …’ The s ...
Chapter 12
Chapter 12

... that must be added to the private costs of the producer or consumer to reflect the full cost to society. If the effect is beneficial, then we talk about a positive externality. There has been an external benefit to add to the private benefits of the producer or consumer. We have already come across ...
Climate change effects on rangelands and rangeland management
Climate change effects on rangelands and rangeland management

... the United States, uncertainty can profoundly affect how managers adapt to climatic fluctuations. In general, rising atmospheric CO2 concentration has two important direct effects on plant physiology: increasing photosynthesis and reducing transpiration. These direct responses to CO2 may actually en ...
El Ni˜no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global - adv
El Ni˜no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global - adv

... Abstract. It is widely accepted by the international scientific community that human activities have increased atmospheric concentrations1 of greenhouse gases (GHG) and aerosols since the pre-industrial era. This increase has contributed to most of the warming (0.6±0.2◦ C) observed over the 20th cen ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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