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Building bridges: Supporting adaptation in industry VCCAR think
Building bridges: Supporting adaptation in industry VCCAR think

... one quarter of the nation's GDP.1 Ensuring long-term economic sustainability requires that overall productivity is maintained and that key industry sectors continue to grow. Understanding how this can be achieved on a sector-by-sector basis, requires an appreciation of the changing threats and oppor ...
Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change for the
Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change for the

... Appalachian Mountains have shown a modest war ming of around 2°F (1ºC) since 1900. The reason the Southeast temperature record shows a net cooling trend over the past 100 years is that there was a warm period between the 1920s and 1940s,then a significant downward trend through the late 1960s. The m ...
Song of the prophets: a global theology of climate
Song of the prophets: a global theology of climate

... We need to limit global temperature rises to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels,8 thus keeping within reach the call from the most vulnerable to limit warming to less than 1.5°C. 9 This means, for example, keeping more than two thirds of known fossil fuels in the ground, unburned.10 If we ke ...
Summary of submissions on Adaptation Fund
Summary of submissions on Adaptation Fund

...  Developing country Parties with projected higher risks in the near future, in particular those which do not already have a specific fund of their own;  Developing country Parties and regions where available information indicates that the impacts of climate change are likely to be severe;  All de ...
Scale-dependent regional climate predictability over North America
Scale-dependent regional climate predictability over North America

... mean error and spread over the Gulf of Mexico (hot spot of convection) and the mountainous areas of the western U.S. (where orographic effects are important). Comparing Figs. 1b and d suggests that, for the CMIP5 simulations of climatological mean precipitation, the ensemble spread can be used qualit ...
PDF
PDF

... Just over twenty years ago, William Nordhaus published the results of what is likely the most influential economic survey about the effects of climate change to date (Nordhaus, 1994). In the oftcited survey, Nordhaus interviewed 19 experts on climate change (10 economists, four other social scienti ...
LCCARL395_en.pdf
LCCARL395_en.pdf

... Implementation of adaptation strategies on a regional level should be increasing the flexibility of institutions and decision processes so that the public and private sectors can adjust more readily to climate impacts as these occur. More flexibility may be needed to accommodate uncertainties associ ...
- OCL - Oilseeds and fats, Crops and Lipids
- OCL - Oilseeds and fats, Crops and Lipids

... locations. They concluded to limited changes for non-irrigated sunflower as a consequence of sufficient soil water refillment during winter fallow period. Guilioni et al. (2010) used both SUNFLO and STICS crop models (both including CO2 effects) to simulate baseline, next and far future climate (CLIMAT ...
Global Warming and Climate Change - Have You Been Presented The Full Story?
Global Warming and Climate Change - Have You Been Presented The Full Story?

... simulations of July-August 1973 with pre-1900s land cover (top), 1993 land use (middle), and the difference field for the two (bottom; 1993 minus pre-1900s case). From Marshall, C.H. Jr., R.A. Pielke Sr., L.T. Steyaert, and D.A. Willard, 2004: The impact of anthropogenic land-cover change on the Flo ...
1. COUNTRY PROFILE: CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY
1. COUNTRY PROFILE: CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY

... Burkina Faso’s population has doubled over the past 25 years. In 2006 , the population was estimated at 13.7 million inhabitants, with a 2.3 percent annual growth rate. This strong population growth puts pressure on natural resources and induces (i) an extensive agriculture, (ii) increased deforesta ...
UK climate change policy and legislation
UK climate change policy and legislation

... from 2012. International aviation and shipping emissions are not currently included in the UK’s reduction targets. Government must decide whether to include them by the end of 2012 or explain to Parliament why it has not been done • Network Rail is funded to deliver over £200 million in Strategic F ...
Transport - British Social Attitudes
Transport - British Social Attitudes

... sector will need to play a major part. Although GHG emissions from the sector peaked in 2007, and have since returned to roughly their 1990 levels, there is still a long way to go. Achieving a significant transformation will require strong action to ‘decarbonise’ transport, including the further dev ...
Managing for climate change on federal lands of the western United
Managing for climate change on federal lands of the western United

... perceived usefulness of climate science, effectiveness of adaptation strategies, and barriers to implementation Kerry B. Kemp 1, Jarod J. Blades 2, P. Zion Klos 1, Troy E. Hall 3, Jo Ellen Force 1, Penelope Morgan 1 and Wade T. Tinkham 4 ABSTRACT. Recent mandates in the United States require federal ...
Climate Change and US Interests
Climate Change and US Interests

... know of accounts for the costs of isolationism.21 Although such costs are hard to quantify, this challenge is no reason to count them as zero. The fact that economic models fail to account for all relevant impacts is not news. The authors of these stud20. C.B. Field et al., North America, in Interg ...
Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in
Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in

... of the important parameters is a challenging research problem that invariably results in higher degree of uncertainty and errors. Further, the results of such studies should essentially be treated only as indicators of a range of possibilities. However, such attempts are very much required for the a ...
A 400-year Tree-ring Chronology from the Tropical Treeline of North
A 400-year Tree-ring Chronology from the Tropical Treeline of North

... Colima tree-ring record was investigated by drawing spatial correlation maps. Point correlations were objectively interpolated (38) to obtain contour intervals. Figure 5 depicts the statistical relationship with tree-ring chronologies for western North America (39), computed using the standard versi ...
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship

... 255%) from 2004 to 2008, with most of the rise coming in the last 12 months (IRRI 2010), leading to food riots in some countries and affecting 100 million people worldwide. One analysis points to several interacting drivers as the cause—rising energy prices, pro-biofuel policies, and export restrict ...
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship

... 255%) from 2004 to 2008, with most of the rise coming in the last 12 months (IRRI 2010), leading to food riots in some countries and affecting 100 million people worldwide. One analysis points to several interacting drivers as the cause—rising energy prices, pro-biofuel policies, and export restrict ...
Works Cited - Institute for Domestic and International Affairs, Inc.
Works Cited - Institute for Domestic and International Affairs, Inc.

... Additionally, the UNWTO requested governments to “encourage the use of renewable energy sources in tourism transport companies and activities”.24 The Davos Declaration, issued in 2007, called upon governments to raise awareness on tourism’s effects on climate change and asked consumers to opt for e ...
Superannuation Trustees and Climate Change Report
Superannuation Trustees and Climate Change Report

... exposing themselves to legal liability by failing in their statutory duties. ...
the eastern European Alps Climate change and geomorphological
the eastern European Alps Climate change and geomorphological

... 2 Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK ...
Competition for land in the global bioeconomy
Competition for land in the global bioeconomy

... This broad finding is further reinforced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (IPCC, 2011) which estimates that deployed bioenergy will contribute the greatest proportion of primary energy among all renewable ener ...
the state of climate change adaptation in Canada`s protected areas
the state of climate change adaptation in Canada`s protected areas

... To that end, this article examines three aspects: (1) what climate change impacts are currently perceived by Canadian protected areas agencies and organizations to be affecting or anticipated to affect protected areas across Canada; (2) the perceived importance of climate change relative to other pr ...
Two Stories About E.U. Climate Change Law and Policy
Two Stories About E.U. Climate Change Law and Policy

... Emissions Trading Program, the leaded gasoline phasedown, water quality permit trading, the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) phaseout, the SO2 allowance scheme for acid rain control, and the RECLAIM program in the Los Angeles metropolitan region). Nicholas Stern, The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern R ...
Climate Change: The Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Egypt
Climate Change: The Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Egypt

... The agricultural sector consumes about 85% of the annual total water resource and more than 70% of the cultivated area depends on low-efficiency surface irrigation systems, which cause high water losses, a decline in land productivity, water logging and salinity problems. (El-Gindy, et al., 2001) Mo ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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