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Catarina Henriques PhD thesis
Catarina Henriques PhD thesis

... Future water resource management is of primary importance to society, economy and the environment. Planning for climate change and adapting to those changes, which requires an understanding of the complex consequences of climate change for the hydrology and human and environmental uses of water, is ...
G. NAPA Team - Global Environment Facility
G. NAPA Team - Global Environment Facility

... Geographically, the country is located in one of the most hazard-prone areas of the world. Several types of natural calamities such as tropical cyclones, storm surges, monsoon floods and river erosions occur frequently and often affect the country adversely. The country is a land of water, with its ...
Colorado Climate Preparedness Project Final Report
Colorado Climate Preparedness Project Final Report

... new sources of supply; (4) gaps relating to the need for new forms of planning that can encompass new forms of uncertainty, multiple futures, and the use of greatly expanded new information from models and monitoring stations; (5) gaps and barriers related to the need for better public communication ...
A Climate for Change
A Climate for Change

... I have great pleasure in presenting to you one of the first UNDP National Human Development Reports concerning the most prominent challenge of our time – climate change and its impact on our society and economy. It is a breakthrough report for Croatia and the first of its kind following the new anal ...
Rapid attribution of the August 2016 flood
Rapid attribution of the August 2016 flood

... floods will worsen as planet warms, scientists warn” (Milman, 2016), “Flooding in the South looks a lot like climate change” (Bromwich, 2016). However, specific scientific statements for the event as observed in south Louisiana cannot be made based on general assessments of the connection of global ...
Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past
Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past

... and late-century warming. But that knowledge comes from instrumental thermometry with its high time resolution and other biases that preclude a direct comparison with the proxies (proxies have their own biases). Hence, a further aspect of our research goal is to compare the 20th century objectively ...
Preindustrial to present-day changes in tropospheric hydroxyl
Preindustrial to present-day changes in tropospheric hydroxyl

... 33 % (Thompson et al., 1992; Wang and Jacob, 1998; Mickley et al., 1999; Hauglustaine and Brasseur, 2001; Grenfell et al., 2001; Lelieveld et al., 2002; Shindell et al., 2003; Wong et al., 2004; Lamarque et al., 2005a; Shindell et al., 2006a; Skeie et al., 2010; Sofen et al., 2011; John et al., 2012 ...
Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre Act, 2015
Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre Act, 2015

... 1990, and 46/169 of 19 December 1991 on the protection of global climate for present and future generations of mankind; Noting also the provisions of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 44/206 of 22 December 1989 on the possible adverse effects of sea-level rise on developing islands and coas ...
Climate Change
Climate Change

... Climate is the average weather at a given point and time of year, over a long period (typically 30 years). We expect the weather to change a lot from day to day, but we expect the climate to remain relatively constant. If the climate doesn’t remain constant, we call it climate change. ...
- Critical Information Collective
- Critical Information Collective

... consultation processes”. The GCF has not set any common benchmarks or minimum standards for the composition, mandate, or practices of NDAs, so each country can largely decide for itself what its NDA will do. This means that—though there are recommendations—there are no minimum requirements of NDAs f ...
shaping our future
shaping our future

... The determination and ingenuity of third sector organisations has been vital to the progress we have made so far. The environmental community was the first to see this threat, and to put climate change on the public and political agenda. Over the past few years there has been a surge of activity in ...
Climate Change in Colorado: A Synthesis to Support Water Resources Management and Adaptation.
Climate Change in Colorado: A Synthesis to Support Water Resources Management and Adaptation.

... Colorado is in step with regional and global warming that has been linked to increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Annual precipitation, which has high natural variability, has not seen a statewide trend over that period. However, some drought indicators have worsened due to the ...
Update on Climate Geoengineering in Relation to the
Update on Climate Geoengineering in Relation to the

... Climate change is increasingly becoming an important driver of biodiversity loss and degradation of ecosystem services. The Paris Agreement, which strengthened international support for limiting global warming, will enter into force on November 2016 and is a positive step, especially from the point ...
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE TRANSPORTATION MODES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE TRANSPORTATION MODES AND INFRASTRUCTURE

... different projections and models are available, there is no consensus as to which projections of SLR would be most appropriate to evaluate the vulnerability of transportation infrastructure. This research includes a comprehensive literature review and analysis of SLR projections, studies, models, an ...
Vulnerability Does Not Fall From the Sky
Vulnerability Does Not Fall From the Sky

... community, and human development programs and policies across most regions of the world. He holds a graduate degree in economics from the University of Aarhus, Denmark. Arvind Khare is the director of finance and policy at the Rights and Resources Initiative, and chaired the External Advisory Group ...
Including International Forest Carbon Incentives
Including International Forest Carbon Incentives

... Economic models suggest that over the next 20 years, carbon prices of US$10–$302 per metric ton3 of CO2 (tCO2) could generate reductions of 1–4 billion tCO2/year globally through avoided deforestation. The models suggest that this amount could be as much as doubled if other options such as afforesta ...
South-South Cooperation in Technologies for Adaptation for Water
South-South Cooperation in Technologies for Adaptation for Water

... being. Over 800 million people worldwide live in extreme poverty (UN, 2015), most of which live in rural areas and depend partly or completely on agriculture for their livelihoods (FAO 2016). It is estimated that 500 million smallholder farms in the developing world are supporting almost 2 billion p ...
The City of Lewes Hazard Mitigation and Climate Adaptation Action
The City of Lewes Hazard Mitigation and Climate Adaptation Action

... 3.2  Summary table of potential normalized annualized losses from natural hazards ......................................... 19  3.3  Potential damage to critical facilities from tropical storm wind events ........................................................ 20  3.4  Extreme summer heat dates cau ...
- Deltas in Times of Climate Change
- Deltas in Times of Climate Change

... are not yet known or understood. Sociologically and culturally deltas differ from inland regions due to the regional position between the hinterland and the oceans and the activities related to that specific position. Climate change affects the lives of people in deltas and requires responses from s ...
climate change, migration and human security in southeast asia
climate change, migration and human security in southeast asia

... security in which they argue not only that a substantial proportion of humanity could be “on the move” as a result of climate change but that migration could be a major factor in the chain of events that link climate change to violent conflict. Yet much of that literature remains poorly informed by ...
DOC - World bank documents
DOC - World bank documents

... The potential earnings from avoided deforestation carbon credit sales in Indonesia have been estimated in a range from $500.0 million to $2.0 billion per annum in today’s voluntary market. Should avoided deforestation be included in a new post-2012 Kyoto protocol, returns could increase exponentiall ...
James Croll in Context: The Encounter between Climate Dynamics
James Croll in Context: The Encounter between Climate Dynamics

... at age 25 ended his career as a physical laborer); a tea merchant (a venture terminated by the ossification of his elbow joint); an innkeeper (at a temperance inn with insufficient lodgers); an insurance salesman (a profession not suited to a man who loves solitude); a newspaperman with a temperance ...
Long-term interactions between vegetation and climate
Long-term interactions between vegetation and climate

... is one of the molecules needed for photosynthesis and is usually one of the limiting factors. Its effect on photosynthesis has been studied in laboratory experiments as far back as the 18th century, showing enhanced photosynthesis under elevated CO2 concentrations. Field scale experiments with incre ...
Risks from Climate Change to Indigenous Communities in
Risks from Climate Change to Indigenous Communities in

... opportunities. Key findings from this analysis include: Climate projections for the region indicate a range of biophysical impacts with various levels of certainty. Uncertainty in climate projections will be an ever present constraint, however this concern cannot be allowed to delay action. There is ...
Climate Factsheets - Public Interest Research Centre
Climate Factsheets - Public Interest Research Centre

... before (take a look at the graphic below).48 Longterm, the trend is still on average 0.15-0.2ºC warming per decade;49,50 each of the last three decades have been warmer than the last (for more info see bit.ly/temperaturetrends).51 ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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