• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Chapter 11 Notes - Mr. Julien`s Homepage
Chapter 11 Notes - Mr. Julien`s Homepage

... 2. All temperatures used in gas law calculations must be converted to their corresponding Kelvin (K) temperatures. ...
Low pressure effusion of gases
Low pressure effusion of gases

... with a digital voltmeter the corresponding output of the Pirani gauge driver. This is repeated for a series of decreasing pressures in order to construct the calibration curve pressure versus voltage output. For this calibration, six to eight pressure points in the range ≈ 0 to 60 mTorr (≈ 0 to 70 m ...
View
View

... the inclusion of spin–orbit coupling and the harmonic vibrational frequency is 300 cm1. A triple-bond covalent radius of 1.18 Å has recently been proposed for uranium.6 For a triple U–U bond this would give 2.36 Å, close enough to the calculated 2.30 Å. Inspection of the wave function for the lo ...
The kinetic theory of electromagnetic radiation
The kinetic theory of electromagnetic radiation

... constant. Now, in an ideal gas with constant first adiabatic index 4/3, constant νT 3 implies constant entropy so that Eq. (4.4) accords, as it must, with the assumption made in Section 3 above that A0 (or c0 h0 ) is a function of entropy. But further, if there is such an ethereal medium, the Univer ...
Matter_Properties_Change
Matter_Properties_Change

... particles can separate and move throughout container ...
lecture 10
lecture 10

... Electrons are influenced by a magnetic field as though they were spinning charges. They are not really, but we think of them as having “spin up” or “spin down” levels. ...
Lecture 35 (Slides) November 7
Lecture 35 (Slides) November 7

... • The normal boiling point of water is 100 oC. At this temperature the vapor pressure of water is exactly 760mm Hg (the normal average atmospheric pressure at sea level). If we heat water in a sealed container all of the steam that is formed is trapped above the liquid water. The additional steam fo ...
Crystal Chemistry Atoms Electrons Quantum Mechanics Orbital
Crystal Chemistry Atoms Electrons Quantum Mechanics Orbital

... • The electron location is described using 4 factors: – n = principal quantum number (similar to the shell in the Bohr model) – l = angular momentum quantum number = designates which kind of subshell shape; btw 0 and n-1; 1 = s, 2 = p, 3 = d, 4 = f, and so on – ml = magnetic quantum number = disting ...
chapter 3 notes for power point
chapter 3 notes for power point

... • The law of definite proportions, the law of conservation of mass and the law of multiple proportions support the current atomic theory. • The figure on the right is a more accurate representation of an __atom______ than the figure on the left. The Law of Definite Proportions • The law of definite ...
Day 05- Matter and the Atom
Day 05- Matter and the Atom

... protons, but the number of neutrons can vary.   For example, most of the oxygen atoms in nature have 8  neutrons in their atomic nuclei. Since all oxygen atoms have 8  protons, this means that most oxygen atoms have an atomic  mass of 8+8 = 16. There are also two other stable forms of  oxygen that o ...
exploring fundamental physics with neutron stars
exploring fundamental physics with neutron stars

... who are trained in the physics of microscopic systems of degenerate nucleons or high-energy particles, but are probably not familiar with astrophysical issues in general, and with the macroscopic behaviour of objects strongly bound by gravity in particular. Here, instead, we introduce the subject of ...
EXPLORING FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS WITH NEUTRON STARS
EXPLORING FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS WITH NEUTRON STARS

... who are trained in the physics of microscopic systems of degenerate nucleons or high-energy particles, but are probably not familiar with astrophysical issues in general, and with the macroscopic behaviour of objects strongly bound by gravity in particular. Here, instead, we introduce the subject of ...
How Atoms Bond: Ionic Bonds
How Atoms Bond: Ionic Bonds

... How does this happen – how do atoms join together, or bond, to form molecules? Let’s take a close look – really close: atoms aren’t even big enough to be microscopic. As eensy as atoms are, they’re made up of even smaller particles: neutrons, protons, and electrons. A diagram of an atom looks like t ...
Chapter 6. Electronic Structure of Atoms
Chapter 6. Electronic Structure of Atoms

... • Electron spin (tiny sphere spinning on its own axis) is quantized • define ms = spin magnetic quantum number = 1/2 • Pauli’s exclusion principle states: no 2 electrons can have same set of four quantum numbers • therefore, 2 electrons in same orbital must have opposite spins ...
Tuesday, Define the law of definite proportions
Tuesday, Define the law of definite proportions

... The mole (mol) is a unit used to count particles indirectly. A mole, also called Avogadro’s number may be expressed as 6.02 x 10 23, gram molecular mass and molar mass of the representative particles of that substance (atoms, ions, molecules or formula units). One mole of a gas occupies a volume of ...
How to Study? • Reading ( ) • Ask questions (
How to Study? • Reading ( ) • Ask questions (

... Nuclear model - an atom of atomic number Z consists of a nucleus of charge +Ze surrounded by Z electrons each of charge –e (e is the fundamental charge). These electrons occupy atomic orbitals, which are regions of space where they are most likely to be found, with no more than two electrons in any ...
Measuring Matter - eChem2Bper2Miller
Measuring Matter - eChem2Bper2Miller

...  Avogadro’s Number o Number of particles in a mole ...
PPT File - Clark Magnet High School
PPT File - Clark Magnet High School

... 4. Ammonia is a real gas. What will happen to it if the pressure continues to be increased and the temperature continues to be decreased. At high pressures and low temperatures real gases deviate more and more from ideal behavior as the intermolecular forces start to influence the behavior of the re ...
Slayt 1
Slayt 1

... I gains one electron  IWhat is the total charge of the compound KI? ...
File
File

... 1) How many different substances are described on the “left side” of the equation? 2) How many different substances described on the “right side” of the equation? 3) What does this tell me? I can look at an equation to see if a change is chemical or physical. In this case, since a new substance is f ...
Luminosity of sun
Luminosity of sun

... Lower mass: lower core pressure, lower core temperature. Can counter-act the pressure from gravity with a lower ...
Document
Document

... the gas molecules is neglected and we only consider the kinetic energy (that arising from molecular motion) of the molecules. Intermolecular collisions and collisions with the container walls are assumed to be elastic. The dynamic behaviour of gas molecules may be described in terms of classical New ...
Bonding
Bonding

... difference between sets of d orbitals is comparable to the energy of visible light. In zinc ions, all the d orbitals are paired and all the orbitals are degenerate. (d) Arsenic atoms have one more valence electron than silicon atoms and can lose an electron to form As+ ions which can occupy some of ...
OBL - USM
OBL - USM

... Law, Charles’s Law, Avogadro’s hypothesis Gas mixtures, partial pressures, mole fractions Critical phenomena, compressibility factor, Z Van der Waals equation and other equations of state Elementary kinetic theory Maxwell – Boltzmann equation, probability density Types of average molecular speeds, v ...
Change of state - Mrs. Coyle`s College Chemistry
Change of state - Mrs. Coyle`s College Chemistry

... Molar heat of fusion, DHfus – energy (usually in kJ) required to melt 1 mole of a solid Molar heats of fusion are generally much smaller than molar heats of vaporization (liquid molecules are packed closer together and more energy need to rearrange from a solid to liquid) ...
< 1 ... 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... 41 >

Degenerate matter

Degenerate matter in physics is a collection of free, non-interacting particles with a pressure and other physical characteristics determined by quantum mechanical effects. It is the analogue of an ideal gas in classical mechanics. The degenerate state of matter, in the sense of deviant from an ideal gas, arises at extraordinarily high density (in compact stars) or at extremely low temperatures in laboratories. It occurs for matter particles such as electrons, neutrons, protons, and fermions in general and is referred to as electron-degenerate matter, neutron-degenerate matter, etc. In a mixture of particles, such as ions and electrons in white dwarfs or metals, the electrons may be degenerate, while the ions are not.In a quantum mechanical description, free particles limited to a finite volume may take only a discrete set of energies, called quantum states. The Pauli exclusion principle prevents identical fermions from occupying the same quantum state. At lowest total energy (when the thermal energy of the particles is negligible), all the lowest energy quantum states are filled. This state is referred to as full degeneracy. The pressure (called degeneracy pressure or Fermi pressure) remains nonzero even near absolute zero temperature. Adding particles or reducing the volume forces the particles into higher-energy quantum states. This requires a compression force, and is made manifest as a resisting pressure. The key feature is that this degeneracy pressure does not depend on the temperature and only on the density of the fermions. It keeps dense stars in equilibrium independent of the thermal structure of the star.Degenerate matter is also called a Fermi gas or a degenerate gas. A degenerate state with velocities of the fermions close to the speed of light (particle energy larger than its rest mass energy) is called relativistic degenerate matter.Degenerate matter was first described for a mixture of ions and electrons in 1926 by Ralph H. Fowler, showing that at densities observed in white dwarfs the electrons (obeying Fermi–Dirac statistics, the term degenerate was not yet in use) have a pressure much higher than the partial pressure of the ions.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report