Human Development Report 2007/2008 Climate Change and the
... rapid growth and development, the future of development in Asia is closely tied to the ability of Governments and communities in the region to effectively adapt to the emerging consequences of global climate change. The frequency and severity of floods is increasing in coastal regions of Asia. Examp ...
... rapid growth and development, the future of development in Asia is closely tied to the ability of Governments and communities in the region to effectively adapt to the emerging consequences of global climate change. The frequency and severity of floods is increasing in coastal regions of Asia. Examp ...
national latino climate leadership forum
... government, and environment—gathered on June 17, 2016, in Washington, D.C., at the National Latino Climate Leadership Forum to focus on one of the most pressing issues facing Latinos today—climate change. We need greater public support and political will if we are going to help put America on a path ...
... government, and environment—gathered on June 17, 2016, in Washington, D.C., at the National Latino Climate Leadership Forum to focus on one of the most pressing issues facing Latinos today—climate change. We need greater public support and political will if we are going to help put America on a path ...
insects at not so low temperature
... ● Northern populations in a northern thermal year programmed to enter and terminate diapause at the correct time for the northern thermal year (Fig. 3B). ● Northern populations in a southern thermal year programmed to enter and terminate diapause at the correct time for the southern thermal year (Fi ...
... ● Northern populations in a northern thermal year programmed to enter and terminate diapause at the correct time for the northern thermal year (Fig. 3B). ● Northern populations in a southern thermal year programmed to enter and terminate diapause at the correct time for the southern thermal year (Fi ...
The Climate of the Last Millennium
... amplitude of inter-annual variability, a simpler model suggests that precessional forcing should result in weakened interannual ENSO strength. When radiation anomalies are strongly positive in boreal summer, as in the early to mid-Holocene, they result in stronger trade winds that cool the eastern P ...
... amplitude of inter-annual variability, a simpler model suggests that precessional forcing should result in weakened interannual ENSO strength. When radiation anomalies are strongly positive in boreal summer, as in the early to mid-Holocene, they result in stronger trade winds that cool the eastern P ...
Ireland Adapts to Climate Change Report Series No. 9
... CCRP Report End of Project Report available for download on http://erc.epa.ie/safer/reports ...
... CCRP Report End of Project Report available for download on http://erc.epa.ie/safer/reports ...
full text - MODUL University Vienna
... I hereby affirm that this Bachelor’s Thesis represents my own written work and that I have used no sources and aids other than those indicated. All passages quoted from publications or paraphrased from these sources are properly cited and attributed. The thesis was not submitted in the same or in a ...
... I hereby affirm that this Bachelor’s Thesis represents my own written work and that I have used no sources and aids other than those indicated. All passages quoted from publications or paraphrased from these sources are properly cited and attributed. The thesis was not submitted in the same or in a ...
simulated hydrologic responses to climate variations and change in
... be identified among realistic levels of natural hydrologic variability, over the course of the two centuries simulated here, can be readily judged by the reader. In this paper, the several climate simulations outlined above are downscaled from the climate-model grid to obtain meteorological time ser ...
... be identified among realistic levels of natural hydrologic variability, over the course of the two centuries simulated here, can be readily judged by the reader. In this paper, the several climate simulations outlined above are downscaled from the climate-model grid to obtain meteorological time ser ...
Programme Plan - Norges forskningsråd
... between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improved understanding of the global changes. Included in this is an obligation to participate in building up climate change expertise in the lesserdeveloped countries. What the progra ...
... between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improved understanding of the global changes. Included in this is an obligation to participate in building up climate change expertise in the lesserdeveloped countries. What the progra ...
Impacts of changes in land use and land cover on atmospheric
... have large impacts on global land cover (Bachelet et al., 2001, 2003; Cox et al, 2000, 2004; Cramer et al., 2001, 2004). For example, increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations may enhance vegetation growth through CO2 fertilization (Cramer et al., 2001; DeLucia et al., 2005; Nowak et al., 2004), and ...
... have large impacts on global land cover (Bachelet et al., 2001, 2003; Cox et al, 2000, 2004; Cramer et al., 2001, 2004). For example, increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations may enhance vegetation growth through CO2 fertilization (Cramer et al., 2001; DeLucia et al., 2005; Nowak et al., 2004), and ...
Programme plan - Norges forskningsråd
... between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improved understanding of the global changes. Included in this is an obligation to participate in building up climate change expertise in the lesserdeveloped countries. What the progra ...
... between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improved understanding of the global changes. Included in this is an obligation to participate in building up climate change expertise in the lesserdeveloped countries. What the progra ...
Assessing Effects of Variation in Global Climate Data Sets on Spatial
... common approach in predictive modeling uses ensemble forecasts that draw on multiple projections from different models to describe some of the uncertainty in projections of future conditions (Araújo and New 2007). Much less attention has been directed at understanding how variation in contemporary ...
... common approach in predictive modeling uses ensemble forecasts that draw on multiple projections from different models to describe some of the uncertainty in projections of future conditions (Araújo and New 2007). Much less attention has been directed at understanding how variation in contemporary ...
Robust Sahel drying in response to late 20th century forcings
... the drought [Held et al., 2005]. Conversely, [Hoerling et al., 2006] report that a multi-model ensemble forced with 20th century anthropogenic emissions reproduces the long-term variations of Indian Ocean and (less accurately) Atlantic Ocean SST, but fails to reproduce the magnitude of the observed ...
... the drought [Held et al., 2005]. Conversely, [Hoerling et al., 2006] report that a multi-model ensemble forced with 20th century anthropogenic emissions reproduces the long-term variations of Indian Ocean and (less accurately) Atlantic Ocean SST, but fails to reproduce the magnitude of the observed ...
Advancing adaptation through climate information services
... they usually spoke about reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While the reasons for focusing on climate change mitigation are manifold and convincing, it appears true that the urgent need to seriously think about, and take action on, adapting to climate change has been somewhat neglected. The relation ...
... they usually spoke about reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While the reasons for focusing on climate change mitigation are manifold and convincing, it appears true that the urgent need to seriously think about, and take action on, adapting to climate change has been somewhat neglected. The relation ...
Simulated dynamics of net primary productivity
... Between 14 and 22% of global greenhouse gases (CO2 equivalent) come from livestock activity (FAO, 2006); specifically it is accountable for 9% of the CO2 emissions (mainly due to deforestation), 37% of methane emissions (due to digestion of ruminants) and 65% of nitrous oxide (from manure). Livestoc ...
... Between 14 and 22% of global greenhouse gases (CO2 equivalent) come from livestock activity (FAO, 2006); specifically it is accountable for 9% of the CO2 emissions (mainly due to deforestation), 37% of methane emissions (due to digestion of ruminants) and 65% of nitrous oxide (from manure). Livestoc ...
Draft 1:Layout 1.qxd - Defenders of Wildlife
... other resources. Generally, higher concentrations of CO2 are associated with greater plant productivity and more efficient water use. This may seem like good news, but it also appears to be changing competition between species, resulting in shifts in species composition, increasing fires, and the in ...
... other resources. Generally, higher concentrations of CO2 are associated with greater plant productivity and more efficient water use. This may seem like good news, but it also appears to be changing competition between species, resulting in shifts in species composition, increasing fires, and the in ...
a sensitive matter - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... points to a best estimate for ECS of 2 ◦ C or slightly less, while evidence from global climate models still suggests that it is about 3 ◦ C or slightly more. We – the authors of this report – were both expert reviewers of AR5 and in our review comments suggested that the IPCC should go further and ...
... points to a best estimate for ECS of 2 ◦ C or slightly less, while evidence from global climate models still suggests that it is about 3 ◦ C or slightly more. We – the authors of this report – were both expert reviewers of AR5 and in our review comments suggested that the IPCC should go further and ...
Market and policy driven adaptation: an alternative perspective. Smart Solutions to Climate Change (opens in new window)
... new and interesting insights. However, they are too stylized and not yet robust enough to allow firm policy conclusions. Very little is known, for example, about the shape of the climate change damage function. Similarly, most adaptation estimates are point estimates. We do not know how adaptation c ...
... new and interesting insights. However, they are too stylized and not yet robust enough to allow firm policy conclusions. Very little is known, for example, about the shape of the climate change damage function. Similarly, most adaptation estimates are point estimates. We do not know how adaptation c ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Vegetation
... Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly temperatures >0◦ C) time series were constructed for the tundra between treeline and 72◦ N (the position of the discontinuity in the NDVI ...
... Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly temperatures >0◦ C) time series were constructed for the tundra between treeline and 72◦ N (the position of the discontinuity in the NDVI ...
Biodiversity climate change impacts report card technical paper
... Space-for-time studies at different latitudes suggest that warming will likely lead to greater incidence of cyanobacteria in the plankton (Sections 5.1.2, 5.1.4), that the incidence of surface blooms will increase, and that perhaps toxicity will be affected [H,Li]. Such effects have not yet been sys ...
... Space-for-time studies at different latitudes suggest that warming will likely lead to greater incidence of cyanobacteria in the plankton (Sections 5.1.2, 5.1.4), that the incidence of surface blooms will increase, and that perhaps toxicity will be affected [H,Li]. Such effects have not yet been sys ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Vegetation
... Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly temperatures >0◦ C) time series were constructed for the tundra between treeline and 72◦ N (the position of the discontinuity in the NDVI ...
... Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly temperatures >0◦ C) time series were constructed for the tundra between treeline and 72◦ N (the position of the discontinuity in the NDVI ...
Chapter 13 Notes 2015
... were higher, and each year, the summer levels did not fall as low. • In 42 years, carbon dioxide has gone from 314 to 386 parts per million, and increase of 54 parts per million. This increase may be due to the burning of fossil fuels. Chapter menu ...
... were higher, and each year, the summer levels did not fall as low. • In 42 years, carbon dioxide has gone from 314 to 386 parts per million, and increase of 54 parts per million. This increase may be due to the burning of fossil fuels. Chapter menu ...
Climate Change Action Plan Assessment Report
... preparing an inventory is still lacking. Similarly, while the action on establishment of an afforestation monitoring system and its integration into the Forest Inventory and Monitoring System was envisaged to be completed in 2013; this action’s predecessor which is the “Development of Basin Based Mo ...
... preparing an inventory is still lacking. Similarly, while the action on establishment of an afforestation monitoring system and its integration into the Forest Inventory and Monitoring System was envisaged to be completed in 2013; this action’s predecessor which is the “Development of Basin Based Mo ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.