Making Climate Data Relevant to Decision Making:
... Section 1: Introduction and Executive Summary Throughout the world, there is a major need for climate change science to inform on-the-ground adaptation planning. However, a big gap exists between the well-developed state of climate science and decision-makers preparing for a future climate. There i ...
... Section 1: Introduction and Executive Summary Throughout the world, there is a major need for climate change science to inform on-the-ground adaptation planning. However, a big gap exists between the well-developed state of climate science and decision-makers preparing for a future climate. There i ...
Hegemony – Dartmouth 2012
... It should be noted that, although the Bern 2.5CC EMIC includes a representation of the surface and deep ocean, it does not include processes such as ice sheet losses or changes in the Earth’s albedo linked to evolution of vegetation. However, it is noteworthy that this EMIC, although parameterized a ...
... It should be noted that, although the Bern 2.5CC EMIC includes a representation of the surface and deep ocean, it does not include processes such as ice sheet losses or changes in the Earth’s albedo linked to evolution of vegetation. However, it is noteworthy that this EMIC, although parameterized a ...
Federal Decision-Making on the Uncertain Impacts of Climate Change
... energy, climate, and species protection, as well as the international negotiations process. While each decision called for information on impacts, the type and threshold of information required differed. This paper decomposes and defines the climate change impacts information needs of federal dec ...
... energy, climate, and species protection, as well as the international negotiations process. While each decision called for information on impacts, the type and threshold of information required differed. This paper decomposes and defines the climate change impacts information needs of federal dec ...
Tree-Ring Amplification of the Early Nineteenth
... the stratosphere on tropospheric cloud formation, precipitation, and the diurnal temperature range are still poorly documented (Auchmann et al. 2012, 2013; Wegmann et al. 2014; Brugnara et al. 2015), neither from observations nor from the transient climate sensitivity in forced models (Shindell 2014 ...
... the stratosphere on tropospheric cloud formation, precipitation, and the diurnal temperature range are still poorly documented (Auchmann et al. 2012, 2013; Wegmann et al. 2014; Brugnara et al. 2015), neither from observations nor from the transient climate sensitivity in forced models (Shindell 2014 ...
Climate Predictions and Projections Program
... Establish priority areas via: a) results from predictability studies, b) other research, c) AGM (or otherwise) high payoff/relevant areas Finalize the list based on the input from the research community (SAB; ARCs; …) Include research needs in AOs of the appropriate program (CDEP, CPPA, CVP) Fund a ...
... Establish priority areas via: a) results from predictability studies, b) other research, c) AGM (or otherwise) high payoff/relevant areas Finalize the list based on the input from the research community (SAB; ARCs; …) Include research needs in AOs of the appropriate program (CDEP, CPPA, CVP) Fund a ...
Climate Change and Agricultural Commodities
... Agricultural commodities are any agricultural products which are traded internationally in response to demand. Climate change will have a profound impact on agricultural commodities including on their production and their productivity with consequences to both food supply and food security and many ...
... Agricultural commodities are any agricultural products which are traded internationally in response to demand. Climate change will have a profound impact on agricultural commodities including on their production and their productivity with consequences to both food supply and food security and many ...
Climate change and forced migration
... Protocol relating to the status of refugees are clear that the term should be restricted to those fleeing persecution: "a refugee is a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion ...
... Protocol relating to the status of refugees are clear that the term should be restricted to those fleeing persecution: "a refugee is a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion ...
Working Paper 9: Climate Change as a Threat Multiplier for Human
... level of coordinated action required to solve it, this statement seems only adequate. After the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) published its first assessment report in 1990, it was accused of dramatizing the anthropogenic (man-made) causes as well as the potential effects of globa ...
... level of coordinated action required to solve it, this statement seems only adequate. After the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) published its first assessment report in 1990, it was accused of dramatizing the anthropogenic (man-made) causes as well as the potential effects of globa ...
City of North Vancouver Climate Change Adaptation Plan
... needed to minimize risk and maintain the community’s high quality of life. While the threat of negative impacts due to climate change is very real, it is important to remember that adaptation is not only about avoiding catastrophe. Like any other decision making process adaptation is simply about pl ...
... needed to minimize risk and maintain the community’s high quality of life. While the threat of negative impacts due to climate change is very real, it is important to remember that adaptation is not only about avoiding catastrophe. Like any other decision making process adaptation is simply about pl ...
National Security in the 21st Century: How the National Security
... events, but from the human actions which follow. As resources become scarcer and local living conditions harsher, populations with weak governments that are unable to assist those people in adapting to changes will likely resort to methods of self-preservation.41 U.S. military leaders expect the Uni ...
... events, but from the human actions which follow. As resources become scarcer and local living conditions harsher, populations with weak governments that are unable to assist those people in adapting to changes will likely resort to methods of self-preservation.41 U.S. military leaders expect the Uni ...
Carbon-climate coupling in the Northern High Latitudes
... IPCC 2007). Most of these studies show a positive feedback to the climate system. That is, under a warmer scenario, ecosystems will further reduce their capacity to absorb anthropogenic emissions, leading to more CO2 being retained in the atmosphere and an acceleration of global warming. However, qu ...
... IPCC 2007). Most of these studies show a positive feedback to the climate system. That is, under a warmer scenario, ecosystems will further reduce their capacity to absorb anthropogenic emissions, leading to more CO2 being retained in the atmosphere and an acceleration of global warming. However, qu ...
Effects of Climate Change in Amphibians and Reptiles
... (Pounds, 2006) could alter weather patterns and hydrology of the places when amphibians inhabit. The association of this factors with the exposure to higher doses of UV-B radiation due the thinning of the ozone layer (Kiesecker et al., 1995), and the interaction with biotic (diseases and infections) ...
... (Pounds, 2006) could alter weather patterns and hydrology of the places when amphibians inhabit. The association of this factors with the exposure to higher doses of UV-B radiation due the thinning of the ozone layer (Kiesecker et al., 1995), and the interaction with biotic (diseases and infections) ...
Growing Together in a Changing Climate
... issues, with hundreds of grassroots initiatives and national campaigns springing up in countries around the world. Young people have been present at climate negotiations since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, and their actions have resulted in widespread media coverage and the mobilization of thousands ...
... issues, with hundreds of grassroots initiatives and national campaigns springing up in countries around the world. Young people have been present at climate negotiations since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, and their actions have resulted in widespread media coverage and the mobilization of thousands ...
Sensitivity and the Carbon Budget - Apollo
... particular concern was the impact of the complex system of feedback processes that were being brought into play by the increase in concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide and by the consequent rise in average surface temperature of the planet. We sought definitive answers to two critical questio ...
... particular concern was the impact of the complex system of feedback processes that were being brought into play by the increase in concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide and by the consequent rise in average surface temperature of the planet. We sought definitive answers to two critical questio ...
Existing data and knowledge gaps about air-climate inter
... climate change (Figure 1). For example, it became clear how air pollutants contribute to climate forcing (enhancing or decreasing it) and how they affect precipitation patterns through indirect radiative forcing (IPCC, 2013). Koren et al (2014) have recently shown that even small amounts of aerosols ...
... climate change (Figure 1). For example, it became clear how air pollutants contribute to climate forcing (enhancing or decreasing it) and how they affect precipitation patterns through indirect radiative forcing (IPCC, 2013). Koren et al (2014) have recently shown that even small amounts of aerosols ...
Cultural and Economic Factors That Influence Brazilian Public
... medium to high confidence that observed droughts in South America are a major contribution of climate change (IPCC 2014, 7). The impacts of deforestation alter more than Brazil’s hydrological system. The Andean and Pacific regions of South America rely on glaciers for their water supply. The “aerial ...
... medium to high confidence that observed droughts in South America are a major contribution of climate change (IPCC 2014, 7). The impacts of deforestation alter more than Brazil’s hydrological system. The Andean and Pacific regions of South America rely on glaciers for their water supply. The “aerial ...
the state of climate change adaptation in Canada`s protected areas
... Indeed, as fixed assets established to conserve samples of ecosystems and species, protected areas worldwide are vulnerable to the shifting ecological matrix induced by climate change. It is conceivable that the synergistic effects of climate change and other incompatible land-use practices could r ...
... Indeed, as fixed assets established to conserve samples of ecosystems and species, protected areas worldwide are vulnerable to the shifting ecological matrix induced by climate change. It is conceivable that the synergistic effects of climate change and other incompatible land-use practices could r ...
- Wiley Online Library
... climate,3 and macroeconomic conditions.(11–25) Most studies are conducted at the national level with survey questions focused on individual-level perceptions of the cause, occurrence, and impacts of climate change. While these studies have added greatly to our understanding of public attitudes towar ...
... climate,3 and macroeconomic conditions.(11–25) Most studies are conducted at the national level with survey questions focused on individual-level perceptions of the cause, occurrence, and impacts of climate change. While these studies have added greatly to our understanding of public attitudes towar ...
PDF
... exception of Antarctica). These regions are called food production units (FPUs). Production and demand relationships in countries are linked through international trade flows. The model simulates growth in crop production, determined by crop and input prices, externally determined rates of productiv ...
... exception of Antarctica). These regions are called food production units (FPUs). Production and demand relationships in countries are linked through international trade flows. The model simulates growth in crop production, determined by crop and input prices, externally determined rates of productiv ...
united nations - Stockholm Convention
... very useful, but it would be appreciated if this would be applied throughout the text where often “climate change” is used while the relevant factor is change in temperature and so on. The draft guidance does not make a very clear difference between facts, data and figures from past and present as p ...
... very useful, but it would be appreciated if this would be applied throughout the text where often “climate change” is used while the relevant factor is change in temperature and so on. The draft guidance does not make a very clear difference between facts, data and figures from past and present as p ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.