Cryosphere, Instability, Sea Level Rise Session 1
... Nathan is a physical oceanographer, specialising in ocean climate and the earth’s climate system. He was the coordinating lead author for the ocean chapter in the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report. Nathan and colleagues documented some of the first evidence f ...
... Nathan is a physical oceanographer, specialising in ocean climate and the earth’s climate system. He was the coordinating lead author for the ocean chapter in the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report. Nathan and colleagues documented some of the first evidence f ...
fulltext pdf - Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics
... farmers. These indicators with their corresponding mean values on a 4-point rating scale include: decreased rainfall amount in the continental interiors (2.93), increased rainfall in the coastal areas (2.66), high winds and heat waves (3.39), fast water evaporation from the ground (2.90), unusual he ...
... farmers. These indicators with their corresponding mean values on a 4-point rating scale include: decreased rainfall amount in the continental interiors (2.93), increased rainfall in the coastal areas (2.66), high winds and heat waves (3.39), fast water evaporation from the ground (2.90), unusual he ...
Is there a role for power relations in climate vulnerability and
... sustainability issues. This implies an increasing body of research and policy efforts, which have also been able to gather great consensus on the most relevant issues, and engage various stakeholders other than academia and policymakers (Bennett et al., 2015; Lemos and Agrawal, 2006; Oreskes, 2005) ...
... sustainability issues. This implies an increasing body of research and policy efforts, which have also been able to gather great consensus on the most relevant issues, and engage various stakeholders other than academia and policymakers (Bennett et al., 2015; Lemos and Agrawal, 2006; Oreskes, 2005) ...
studies
... 1. Introduction Climate change is a major challenge faced by human society (IPCC 2007; Stern 2007; World Bank 2012). While there is increasing recognition of this challenge around the world, there is also an increasing reluctance about enacting global climate policies in the near to medium term. Thi ...
... 1. Introduction Climate change is a major challenge faced by human society (IPCC 2007; Stern 2007; World Bank 2012). While there is increasing recognition of this challenge around the world, there is also an increasing reluctance about enacting global climate policies in the near to medium term. Thi ...
The coupled atmosphere–chemistry–ocean model SOCOL
... (Song and Robinson, 2004; Gerber et al., 2012), but the underlying coupling mechanisms of stratosphere–troposphere interactions are still debated (Thompson et al., 2006; Gerber et al., 2012). The winter climate at high latitudes is also closely related to modes of variability – the barotropic Northe ...
... (Song and Robinson, 2004; Gerber et al., 2012), but the underlying coupling mechanisms of stratosphere–troposphere interactions are still debated (Thompson et al., 2006; Gerber et al., 2012). The winter climate at high latitudes is also closely related to modes of variability – the barotropic Northe ...
Impacts of climate change on temperature and evaporation from a
... estimated that open water reservoirs in Australia lose around 40% of their total water storage capacity per year to evaporation. While this loss is of significant concern, the threat of a changing climate has been directing greater focus to how much water will be lost from Australia’s reservoirs in ...
... estimated that open water reservoirs in Australia lose around 40% of their total water storage capacity per year to evaporation. While this loss is of significant concern, the threat of a changing climate has been directing greater focus to how much water will be lost from Australia’s reservoirs in ...
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: Concepts, Issues
... Current Variability and Future Changes in Climate Decreasing the vulnerability of socio-economic sectors and ecological systems to natural climate variability through a more informed choice of policies, practices and technologies will, in many cases, reduce the long-term vulnerability of these syste ...
... Current Variability and Future Changes in Climate Decreasing the vulnerability of socio-economic sectors and ecological systems to natural climate variability through a more informed choice of policies, practices and technologies will, in many cases, reduce the long-term vulnerability of these syste ...
“Smart Climate Change” for Professional Societies Workshop WORKSHOP REPORT
... which take long to fulfill, for example emission targets; Sector provisions; these are sector-based legislations - the danger in these is that there is no connection among sectors for example the Environment Management Coordination Act does not connect with climate change issues. The legislation w ...
... which take long to fulfill, for example emission targets; Sector provisions; these are sector-based legislations - the danger in these is that there is no connection among sectors for example the Environment Management Coordination Act does not connect with climate change issues. The legislation w ...
The Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change
... • the natural and human influences that force changes in climate; • the observed behaviour of climate in the recent and distant past; • the basis for scientific concern at the prospect of human-induced climate change; • how computer models of the global climate sys- ...
... • the natural and human influences that force changes in climate; • the observed behaviour of climate in the recent and distant past; • the basis for scientific concern at the prospect of human-induced climate change; • how computer models of the global climate sys- ...
Climate Justice: Equity and Justice informing a new
... mobilizing demand for a people-centered climate agreement in 2015. Through the Dialogue the concept of climate justice will be further explored and used to develop narratives and inform approaches to address equity in a new climate agreement. The purpose of this paper is to: i. establish why climat ...
... mobilizing demand for a people-centered climate agreement in 2015. Through the Dialogue the concept of climate justice will be further explored and used to develop narratives and inform approaches to address equity in a new climate agreement. The purpose of this paper is to: i. establish why climat ...
The Missing Science from the Draft National Assessment on Climate Change
... …There is an overwhelming amount of misleading material in the CCSP’s “Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States.” It is immediately obvious that the intent of the report is not to provide a accurate scientific assessment of the current and future impacts of climate change in the United Sta ...
... …There is an overwhelming amount of misleading material in the CCSP’s “Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States.” It is immediately obvious that the intent of the report is not to provide a accurate scientific assessment of the current and future impacts of climate change in the United Sta ...
ece11 Asheim 16688487 en
... a preference for consumption smoothing over time. The Ramsey model of optimal growth can be used to show that these instruments are not redundant (see Asheim and Mitra, 2010, Section 4). If initial capital productivity is higher than the one corresponding to the modified Golden Rule, then the SDU-op ...
... a preference for consumption smoothing over time. The Ramsey model of optimal growth can be used to show that these instruments are not redundant (see Asheim and Mitra, 2010, Section 4). If initial capital productivity is higher than the one corresponding to the modified Golden Rule, then the SDU-op ...
PDF Full Publication in PDF Format
... There are many countries in the model, many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of parameter uncertainty, and many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of war and drought stochasticity. That is, there are a lot of results. We present and interpret the results mainly for the expected values for three count ...
... There are many countries in the model, many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of parameter uncertainty, and many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of war and drought stochasticity. That is, there are a lot of results. We present and interpret the results mainly for the expected values for three count ...
Biosphere feedbacks and climate change
... Earth system models (ESMs) are enhanced general circulation models that include some chemical and biological processes. All Earth system models include a representation of the carbon cycle, that is, carbon dioxide exchanges between ocean, atmosphere and land carbon stores and the response of these e ...
... Earth system models (ESMs) are enhanced general circulation models that include some chemical and biological processes. All Earth system models include a representation of the carbon cycle, that is, carbon dioxide exchanges between ocean, atmosphere and land carbon stores and the response of these e ...
The Changing Earth-Life System—Critical Information for
... nized the necessity of studying the complete diversity of these past Earth system states in detail (Parrish et al., 2011), but progress has been slow for a variety of reasons, including the difficulty of accurately positioning the numerous, high-resolution environmental records in time. Despite the ...
... nized the necessity of studying the complete diversity of these past Earth system states in detail (Parrish et al., 2011), but progress has been slow for a variety of reasons, including the difficulty of accurately positioning the numerous, high-resolution environmental records in time. Despite the ...
Trends and Variability in Snowmelt Runoff in the Western United
... timing could be related to the PDO, whereas Regonda et al. (2005) speculate that trends in SMR timing could be a response to the increased frequency of El Nino events in recent decades, or to general global warming. The first PC resulting from the PCA of the CMD data is not well correlated with eith ...
... timing could be related to the PDO, whereas Regonda et al. (2005) speculate that trends in SMR timing could be a response to the increased frequency of El Nino events in recent decades, or to general global warming. The first PC resulting from the PCA of the CMD data is not well correlated with eith ...
Climate change projections of precipitation and
... ABSTRACT: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region can be considered as the most water-scarce region of the world. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects strong changes in climate across MENA, further exacerbating pressure on available water resources. The objective of this stu ...
... ABSTRACT: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region can be considered as the most water-scarce region of the world. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects strong changes in climate across MENA, further exacerbating pressure on available water resources. The objective of this stu ...
Civil war, climate change and development: A scenario
... There are many countries in the model, many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of parameter uncertainty, and many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of war and drought stochasticity. That is, there are a lot of results. We present and interpret the results mainly for the expected values for three count ...
... There are many countries in the model, many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of parameter uncertainty, and many runs in the Monte Carlo analysis of war and drought stochasticity. That is, there are a lot of results. We present and interpret the results mainly for the expected values for three count ...
Uncertainty, scepticism and attitudes towards climate change
... present in an article in order for the science to be portrayed as uncertain – all that is necessary is that ‘duelling experts’ are presented without any sense of how the weight of evidence is distributed. For scientists and non-scientists, it would seem that managing uncertainty is a demanding task. ...
... present in an article in order for the science to be portrayed as uncertain – all that is necessary is that ‘duelling experts’ are presented without any sense of how the weight of evidence is distributed. For scientists and non-scientists, it would seem that managing uncertainty is a demanding task. ...
PDF
... has led to a vigorous interest in conceptualising adaptive capacity and designing adaptation strategies to reduce the damages and losses associated with global climate change (Parry, 2002; Niang-Diop and Bosch, 2004; Iglesias et al., 2009; Tompkins and Adger, 2004; Lim et al., 2004). In Europe, agri ...
... has led to a vigorous interest in conceptualising adaptive capacity and designing adaptation strategies to reduce the damages and losses associated with global climate change (Parry, 2002; Niang-Diop and Bosch, 2004; Iglesias et al., 2009; Tompkins and Adger, 2004; Lim et al., 2004). In Europe, agri ...
Adaptation and the Courtroom: Judging Climate Science
... proficiency in laboratory techniques. Climate science is also a rapidly developing field of scientific inquiry. Although this does not render climate science unique, it prevents judges from relying wholly upon the published peer-reviewed literature. Such literature may not reflect new discoveries an ...
... proficiency in laboratory techniques. Climate science is also a rapidly developing field of scientific inquiry. Although this does not render climate science unique, it prevents judges from relying wholly upon the published peer-reviewed literature. Such literature may not reflect new discoveries an ...
Biogeosciences
... While BC is a post-processing step that is a widely applied for climate change impact (CCI) studies, there are several known issues. One concern is that most studies that use BC GCM/RCM data without adequate quantification of the effects of BC, thereby introducing additional uncertainties (Ehret et ...
... While BC is a post-processing step that is a widely applied for climate change impact (CCI) studies, there are several known issues. One concern is that most studies that use BC GCM/RCM data without adequate quantification of the effects of BC, thereby introducing additional uncertainties (Ehret et ...
Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and Carbon
... change scenariosat 10-km resolution.MC1 was run under two transient scenarios at 0.5? latitude/longitude resolution (approximately50-km). The reason for the discrepancybetween the number and the spatialresolutionof the two types of scenariosis that (a) there are fewer transient climate change scenar ...
... change scenariosat 10-km resolution.MC1 was run under two transient scenarios at 0.5? latitude/longitude resolution (approximately50-km). The reason for the discrepancybetween the number and the spatialresolutionof the two types of scenariosis that (a) there are fewer transient climate change scenar ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.