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REVIEW SUMMARY Multiple Dimensions of Climate Change and
... Background: Changes in Earth’s climate over time can be measured in Outlook: Forecasting the long-term impacts of future climate changes many ways. The different metrics available represent alternative dimen- on biodiversity is challenging, not least because the responses of organsions of climate ch ...
... Background: Changes in Earth’s climate over time can be measured in Outlook: Forecasting the long-term impacts of future climate changes many ways. The different metrics available represent alternative dimen- on biodiversity is challenging, not least because the responses of organsions of climate ch ...
Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled
... distribution, as well as long-term sea level variations are not considered in our simulations. Our survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The tempe ...
... distribution, as well as long-term sea level variations are not considered in our simulations. Our survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The tempe ...
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... index. They found also that the relation was the strongest with a lag of two months, the time necessary for the cooling signal to propagate from North Africa to Central Asia, in a quasi-barotropic structure for the whole troposphere. The mechanism responsible for this linkage is however still unclea ...
... index. They found also that the relation was the strongest with a lag of two months, the time necessary for the cooling signal to propagate from North Africa to Central Asia, in a quasi-barotropic structure for the whole troposphere. The mechanism responsible for this linkage is however still unclea ...
Sea Level Change in Western Australia
... Figure 1. This included corrections for vertical land movement due to glacial isostatic adjustment (refer to Section 2.3). The error range in these estimates increases for earlier recordings due to the uncertainty of datum adjustments, vertical land movement and the paucity of tide gauges. Estimates ...
... Figure 1. This included corrections for vertical land movement due to glacial isostatic adjustment (refer to Section 2.3). The error range in these estimates increases for earlier recordings due to the uncertainty of datum adjustments, vertical land movement and the paucity of tide gauges. Estimates ...
decadal climate variability, predictability and prediction
... The scientific understanding of Earth’s climate system is now sufficiently developed to show that climate change from anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing is already upon us, and the rate of change as projected exceeds anything seen in nature in the past 10,000 years. The indisputable evidence of gl ...
... The scientific understanding of Earth’s climate system is now sufficiently developed to show that climate change from anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing is already upon us, and the rate of change as projected exceeds anything seen in nature in the past 10,000 years. The indisputable evidence of gl ...
Sea Level Change in Western Australia
... Figure 1. This included corrections for vertical land movement due to glacial isostatic adjustment (refer to Section 2.3). The error range in these estimates increases for earlier recordings due to the uncertainty of datum adjustments, vertical land movement and the paucity of tide gauges. Estimates ...
... Figure 1. This included corrections for vertical land movement due to glacial isostatic adjustment (refer to Section 2.3). The error range in these estimates increases for earlier recordings due to the uncertainty of datum adjustments, vertical land movement and the paucity of tide gauges. Estimates ...
Link-Securitization - Open Evidence Archive
... alone meaningfully measure, the size of the economy or environmental quality. Consequently, our understanding of the interaction between the economy and the environment is primarily conceptual. Basic conceptual assumptions often take the form of metaphors (or conceptual models). Metaphors are not me ...
... alone meaningfully measure, the size of the economy or environmental quality. Consequently, our understanding of the interaction between the economy and the environment is primarily conceptual. Basic conceptual assumptions often take the form of metaphors (or conceptual models). Metaphors are not me ...
The Ethical implications of global climate change - unesdoc
... are already implicitly recognized in the work of bodies such as the IPCC and the UNFCCC and in the international politics around the issue. It is important to foreground these implicit ethical dimensions so that they can be explicitly debated, as well as to clarify the ethical basis of our responses ...
... are already implicitly recognized in the work of bodies such as the IPCC and the UNFCCC and in the international politics around the issue. It is important to foreground these implicit ethical dimensions so that they can be explicitly debated, as well as to clarify the ethical basis of our responses ...
Faith Based Statements on Climate Change
... life in the developing world to people in the United States, who may not understand its direct effects. Michael Schut, economic and environmental affairs officer for the Episcopal Church, addressed the last point in an interview with ENS Dec. 10, when he said the level of climate change – related su ...
... life in the developing world to people in the United States, who may not understand its direct effects. Michael Schut, economic and environmental affairs officer for the Episcopal Church, addressed the last point in an interview with ENS Dec. 10, when he said the level of climate change – related su ...
Australia`s future emissions reduction targets
... the remainder of this paper; the Authority will discuss its recommendations—and the reasoning behind them—with stakeholders. ...
... the remainder of this paper; the Authority will discuss its recommendations—and the reasoning behind them—with stakeholders. ...
Preparing for Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region
... • Avoid reinventing the wheel – existing policies provide opportunities to address climate change adaptation, and we can incorporate adaptation efforts into work already being done; • Target actions at the scale (local, state, national) where implementation is most feasible and will achieve high ...
... • Avoid reinventing the wheel – existing policies provide opportunities to address climate change adaptation, and we can incorporate adaptation efforts into work already being done; • Target actions at the scale (local, state, national) where implementation is most feasible and will achieve high ...
a reprint - Integrative Biology
... climates at fine spatiotemporal scales and reveals a geographic/climatic signal that correlates with morphological variation across the range of M. californicus. Ó 2009 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. ...
... climates at fine spatiotemporal scales and reveals a geographic/climatic signal that correlates with morphological variation across the range of M. californicus. Ó 2009 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. ...
Climate change research and policy in Portugal
... model wind field scenarios for 2060–2099 were used to force the ocean waves. Results indicate a future clockwise rotation in the wave direction with an estimated magnitude between 5◦ and 7◦ that increases the longshore drift of sediments by 5%–15%. The increased drift will very probably exacerbate t ...
... model wind field scenarios for 2060–2099 were used to force the ocean waves. Results indicate a future clockwise rotation in the wave direction with an estimated magnitude between 5◦ and 7◦ that increases the longshore drift of sediments by 5%–15%. The increased drift will very probably exacerbate t ...
anthropology and climate change - North Atlantic Biocultural
... from high-latitude taiga and tundra regions, to high-altitude mountain ecosystems, from tropical rain forests to near sea-level coastlines, there are compelling similarities in the narratives, accounts, and experiences of indigenous and local peoples who are already seeing and experiencing the effec ...
... from high-latitude taiga and tundra regions, to high-altitude mountain ecosystems, from tropical rain forests to near sea-level coastlines, there are compelling similarities in the narratives, accounts, and experiences of indigenous and local peoples who are already seeing and experiencing the effec ...
Impact of climate change on ozone-related mortality and morbidity in Europe
... some cardiovascular effect that may be due to systemic inflammation responses and alterations of the cardiac rhythm. CHUANG et al. [26] found that increases in inflammatory markers in the blood and a decrease in heart rate variability associated with elevated levels of ozone lagged over 1–3 days in ...
... some cardiovascular effect that may be due to systemic inflammation responses and alterations of the cardiac rhythm. CHUANG et al. [26] found that increases in inflammatory markers in the blood and a decrease in heart rate variability associated with elevated levels of ozone lagged over 1–3 days in ...
MAPPING CLIMATE CHANGE AND SECURITY IN NORTH AFRICA
... Potential Climate Change-Related Security Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Where Are the Vulnerable Areas in North Africa? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Narratives of Climate Vulnerability in North Africa . . . . . . . ...
... Potential Climate Change-Related Security Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Where Are the Vulnerable Areas in North Africa? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Narratives of Climate Vulnerability in North Africa . . . . . . . ...
Partisan Group Identity and Belief in Human
... (Lupia & McCubbins, 1998). In the case of climate change, those with clear positions likely obtain them from elite cues – where elite Republicans oppose the view that climate change is largely human-caused, while elite Democrats support it (Bolsen, Druckman, & Cook, 2015, p. 286).2 Those who are kn ...
... (Lupia & McCubbins, 1998). In the case of climate change, those with clear positions likely obtain them from elite cues – where elite Republicans oppose the view that climate change is largely human-caused, while elite Democrats support it (Bolsen, Druckman, & Cook, 2015, p. 286).2 Those who are kn ...
NAF Public Consultation
... To address the mitigation challenge Ireland will pursue and aim to meet its national, EU and international greenhouse gas mitigation commitments through the adoption of a series of 5 yearly statutory National Mitigation Plans (NMP). The NMPs will track the implementation of measures already underway ...
... To address the mitigation challenge Ireland will pursue and aim to meet its national, EU and international greenhouse gas mitigation commitments through the adoption of a series of 5 yearly statutory National Mitigation Plans (NMP). The NMPs will track the implementation of measures already underway ...
here - Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy
... needs to strive to achieve the delicate balance between a simple reporting and review structure that facilitates commitments from the widest possible range of parties while also promoting robust climate change mitigation and adaptation: ...
... needs to strive to achieve the delicate balance between a simple reporting and review structure that facilitates commitments from the widest possible range of parties while also promoting robust climate change mitigation and adaptation: ...
national climate change policy
... issues that Pakistan faces or will face in future due to the changing climate. In October 2008 Mr. Salman Faruqui, the then Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, established a Task Force on Climate Change under the chairmanship of Dr. Ishfaq Ahmad, Advisor Science and Technology. The report of that ...
... issues that Pakistan faces or will face in future due to the changing climate. In October 2008 Mr. Salman Faruqui, the then Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, established a Task Force on Climate Change under the chairmanship of Dr. Ishfaq Ahmad, Advisor Science and Technology. The report of that ...
Key factors governing uncertainty in the response to sunshade
... albedo modification [Jones and Haywood, 2012; Latham et al., 2012], desert albedo geoengineering [Irvine et al., 2011], and crop albedo modification [Singarayer et al., 2009]. In these previous studies several different approaches to represent the proposed solar geoengineering techniques were adopted, ...
... albedo modification [Jones and Haywood, 2012; Latham et al., 2012], desert albedo geoengineering [Irvine et al., 2011], and crop albedo modification [Singarayer et al., 2009]. In these previous studies several different approaches to represent the proposed solar geoengineering techniques were adopted, ...
American Teens` Knowledge of Climate Change
... and collective action. This study included measures related to each of these key dimensions, along with other measures such as public desire for more information, trust in different information sources, and climate change risk perceptions, policy preferences, and behaviors. Methodology These results ...
... and collective action. This study included measures related to each of these key dimensions, along with other measures such as public desire for more information, trust in different information sources, and climate change risk perceptions, policy preferences, and behaviors. Methodology These results ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.