climate change and eu security policy
... resultant agenda is one of “climate security.” This concept can be defined as the broad range of foreign policy actions aimed at addressing the strategic and political impacts of climate change. Much has been written on the way in which climate change is likely to aggravate geostrategic threats. In ...
... resultant agenda is one of “climate security.” This concept can be defined as the broad range of foreign policy actions aimed at addressing the strategic and political impacts of climate change. Much has been written on the way in which climate change is likely to aggravate geostrategic threats. In ...
From Climate Science to Adaptation Decision-Making Mark Stafford Smith
... Eyre Peninsula Integrated Climate Change Agreement General climate ...
... Eyre Peninsula Integrated Climate Change Agreement General climate ...
weather and climate: engaging youth
... regarding the scale and location of oxygen changes, and their ecological impacts. ...
... regarding the scale and location of oxygen changes, and their ecological impacts. ...
Planning for climate change impacts on hydropower in the Far North
... tion data and gridded analyses, these studies showed that inhomogeneity in the observational networks makes trend detection here nearly impossible at this time. Those authors found that virtually no significant trends in precipitation could be derived directly from station data. According to McAfee ...
... tion data and gridded analyses, these studies showed that inhomogeneity in the observational networks makes trend detection here nearly impossible at this time. Those authors found that virtually no significant trends in precipitation could be derived directly from station data. According to McAfee ...
selvaraju
... factors determining the rainy season characteristics, farming systems, field crop production and livestock rearing. Both interannual and intraseasonal rainfall variability constrains crop production in the tropics and subtropics. In semi-arid tropics, unreliable rainfall combined with high evaporati ...
... factors determining the rainy season characteristics, farming systems, field crop production and livestock rearing. Both interannual and intraseasonal rainfall variability constrains crop production in the tropics and subtropics. In semi-arid tropics, unreliable rainfall combined with high evaporati ...
Climate change and Arctic ecosystems II
... 1996a]. The model is sensitive to CO2 concentration because of the responses of NPP and stomatal conductance to CO2 and the differential effects of CO2 on the NPP of C3 and C4 plants. [8] To identify the biome for a given grid cell, the model ranks the tree and nontree PFTs that were calculated for ...
... 1996a]. The model is sensitive to CO2 concentration because of the responses of NPP and stomatal conductance to CO2 and the differential effects of CO2 on the NPP of C3 and C4 plants. [8] To identify the biome for a given grid cell, the model ranks the tree and nontree PFTs that were calculated for ...
PDF
... Multimodel ensemble mean (MEM) differences are highlighted for most of the analyses, as the MEM produces demonstrably superior results in historical climate assessment to those from an individual model (e.g., Gleckler et al. 2008; Pierce et al. 2009). We also use intermodel variability about the MEM ...
... Multimodel ensemble mean (MEM) differences are highlighted for most of the analyses, as the MEM produces demonstrably superior results in historical climate assessment to those from an individual model (e.g., Gleckler et al. 2008; Pierce et al. 2009). We also use intermodel variability about the MEM ...
How increasing CO2 leads to an increased negative greenhouse
... Throughout the last years, several ideas have been discussed describing the lack of warming of central Antarctica [Chapman and Walsh, 2007; Steig et al., 2009; Thompson et al., 2011; Langematz et al., 2003; Shindell and Schmidt, 2004; Shine and Forster, 1999]. The global warming observed is to a lar ...
... Throughout the last years, several ideas have been discussed describing the lack of warming of central Antarctica [Chapman and Walsh, 2007; Steig et al., 2009; Thompson et al., 2011; Langematz et al., 2003; Shindell and Schmidt, 2004; Shine and Forster, 1999]. The global warming observed is to a lar ...
planned relocations, disasters and climate change
... necessary by the effects of natural hazards related to climate change. Previous consultations in 2010 and 2011 at Bellagio1 have identified some of the lessons learned from other relocation efforts. A process is underway to provide guidance in the case of evacuations made necessary by sudden-onset d ...
... necessary by the effects of natural hazards related to climate change. Previous consultations in 2010 and 2011 at Bellagio1 have identified some of the lessons learned from other relocation efforts. A process is underway to provide guidance in the case of evacuations made necessary by sudden-onset d ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... Highly vulnerable to climate variations, Togo’s agriculture sector constitutes 43% of GDP and is the mainstay of most Togolese livelihoods. Agriculture will remain the mainstay of economic growth for the foreseeable future, with staple crops being yams, cassava, corn, millet, sorghum, cocoa, coffee, ...
... Highly vulnerable to climate variations, Togo’s agriculture sector constitutes 43% of GDP and is the mainstay of most Togolese livelihoods. Agriculture will remain the mainstay of economic growth for the foreseeable future, with staple crops being yams, cassava, corn, millet, sorghum, cocoa, coffee, ...
Micro-level Practices to Adapt to Climate Change for African Small
... global average surface temperature is likely to rise by 1.8 degrees to 4.0 degrees Celsius by 2100. The sea level may rise by 30 to 60 centimeters. Climate variability will increase almost everywhere. Northern latitudes will experience more rainfall; many subtropical regions will see less. Africa is ...
... global average surface temperature is likely to rise by 1.8 degrees to 4.0 degrees Celsius by 2100. The sea level may rise by 30 to 60 centimeters. Climate variability will increase almost everywhere. Northern latitudes will experience more rainfall; many subtropical regions will see less. Africa is ...
adapt to climate change
... widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea levels all point directly to a warmer planet. There is overwhelming evidence that humans are contributing to global warming. Most of the observed increase in temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely to be due to the obser ...
... widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea levels all point directly to a warmer planet. There is overwhelming evidence that humans are contributing to global warming. Most of the observed increase in temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely to be due to the obser ...
Fact sheets of the international experiences on the formulation and
... The ASEAN region is vulnerable to climate change due to their long coastlines (173,000km). The area is a combination of relatively small, densely populated urban areas and relatively large rural areas that depend on agriculture, fisheries and forestry. The ASEAN region is endowed with ...
... The ASEAN region is vulnerable to climate change due to their long coastlines (173,000km). The area is a combination of relatively small, densely populated urban areas and relatively large rural areas that depend on agriculture, fisheries and forestry. The ASEAN region is endowed with ...
Migration and Climate Change - Development Research Centre on
... migrants (sometimes called “climate refugees”)—the most widely repeated prediction being 200 million by 2050. But repetition does not make the figure any more accurate. While the scientific argument for climate change is increasingly confident, the consequences of climate change for human population ...
... migrants (sometimes called “climate refugees”)—the most widely repeated prediction being 200 million by 2050. But repetition does not make the figure any more accurate. While the scientific argument for climate change is increasingly confident, the consequences of climate change for human population ...
Climate change and drought policy in Victoria: context and
... Climate change has long been recognised as a social justice issue at a global level. Concerns about intergenerational equity and distribution of responsibility and vulnerability between developed and developing countries has been prominent in the development of international responses. However, inte ...
... Climate change has long been recognised as a social justice issue at a global level. Concerns about intergenerational equity and distribution of responsibility and vulnerability between developed and developing countries has been prominent in the development of international responses. However, inte ...
Recent pause in the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 associated with
... in line with recent reports14,31 (but see ref. 29). Although global warming is often associated with an increase in the prevalence of drought, global precipitation increases with global temperatures32. Collectively, this suggests that there has been little to no change in the prevalence of drought o ...
... in line with recent reports14,31 (but see ref. 29). Although global warming is often associated with an increase in the prevalence of drought, global precipitation increases with global temperatures32. Collectively, this suggests that there has been little to no change in the prevalence of drought o ...
Risks of Climate Change with Respect to the Singapore
... increasingly warmer, the amount of ice on the earth is decreasing over the oceans, and the sea level has risen. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the average increase in global temperature (combined land and surface) between the 1850–1900 period and the 2003–2012 period was ...
... increasingly warmer, the amount of ice on the earth is decreasing over the oceans, and the sea level has risen. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the average increase in global temperature (combined land and surface) between the 1850–1900 period and the 2003–2012 period was ...
Adaptation to Climate Change in the Baltic Countries
... public-private partnerships) to ensure effective delivery of adaptation; 4) supporting wider international efforts on adaptation by helping for example non-EU countries to improve their resilience and capacity to adapt to climate change. The framework will respect the principle of subsidiary, i.e. t ...
... public-private partnerships) to ensure effective delivery of adaptation; 4) supporting wider international efforts on adaptation by helping for example non-EU countries to improve their resilience and capacity to adapt to climate change. The framework will respect the principle of subsidiary, i.e. t ...
Detectability of Anthropogenic Changes in Annual Temperature and
... Chelliah and Ropelewski 2000). Datasets that blend satellite and surface data are becoming available for averages of a few days, such as pentads (e.g., Xie et al. 2003), but they remain the subject of active research. This scaling issue can be circumvented, at least to first order, if changes in ext ...
... Chelliah and Ropelewski 2000). Datasets that blend satellite and surface data are becoming available for averages of a few days, such as pentads (e.g., Xie et al. 2003), but they remain the subject of active research. This scaling issue can be circumvented, at least to first order, if changes in ext ...
climate changes and adaptation policies in the baltic and the adriatic
... For the north Adriatic coast a long-term trend of rising sea level has been founded and it is assumed that this is due to global changes in the sea level and to land subsidence, especially in deltaic areas. This state is worsen by storms and very strong winds typical for the Adriatic basin such as t ...
... For the north Adriatic coast a long-term trend of rising sea level has been founded and it is assumed that this is due to global changes in the sea level and to land subsidence, especially in deltaic areas. This state is worsen by storms and very strong winds typical for the Adriatic basin such as t ...
Health Aspects of Climate Change in Cities with Mediterranean
... impact in direct ways (e.g., heatwaves, flooding, and drought) and in indirect ways (e.g., food availability). The risks and the number of people exposed to them are influenced by social and economic development, technology, and health service provision. Consequently, urban areas where people, resou ...
... impact in direct ways (e.g., heatwaves, flooding, and drought) and in indirect ways (e.g., food availability). The risks and the number of people exposed to them are influenced by social and economic development, technology, and health service provision. Consequently, urban areas where people, resou ...
Climate warming will reduce growth and survival of Scots pine
... all populations planted at the same time, with same spacing, similar cultural practices, in the same soil and under identical climate regimes) allow the phenotypic responses of each genotype to be expressed in a common environment. Having multiple common gardens (as in this study) can help to allevi ...
... all populations planted at the same time, with same spacing, similar cultural practices, in the same soil and under identical climate regimes) allow the phenotypic responses of each genotype to be expressed in a common environment. Having multiple common gardens (as in this study) can help to allevi ...
Climate response to imposed solar radiation reductions in
... evenly over the Earth. This amplified influence occurred because high-latitude surface cooling preferentially increased sea ice fraction and, therefore, surface albedo, leading to a larger deficit in the radiation budget at the top of the atmosphere than from an equivalent global reduction in solar ...
... evenly over the Earth. This amplified influence occurred because high-latitude surface cooling preferentially increased sea ice fraction and, therefore, surface albedo, leading to a larger deficit in the radiation budget at the top of the atmosphere than from an equivalent global reduction in solar ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.