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... Climatic projections suggest that temperature increases associated with climate change would reduce, keeping agricultural practices an genetic materials constant, Arabica coffee yields and quality in the main coffee producing countries. Ovalle-Rivera et al. (2015) estimated that the acreage with ap ...
... Climatic projections suggest that temperature increases associated with climate change would reduce, keeping agricultural practices an genetic materials constant, Arabica coffee yields and quality in the main coffee producing countries. Ovalle-Rivera et al. (2015) estimated that the acreage with ap ...
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... Climate change impact and vulnerability towards the change on the poor people has always been significant aspect of issue and discussion worldwide. With the green house gases increasing various consequences of climate change is pressurizing the resources on which people are dependant for their livel ...
... Climate change impact and vulnerability towards the change on the poor people has always been significant aspect of issue and discussion worldwide. With the green house gases increasing various consequences of climate change is pressurizing the resources on which people are dependant for their livel ...
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Cross
... and F). Although less well documented, benthic invertebrates other than corals are also at risk (Przeslawski et al., 2008). Fish biodiversity is threatened by the permanent degradation of coral reefs, including in a marine reserve (Jones et al., 2004). Future impacts of climate-related drivers (ocea ...
... and F). Although less well documented, benthic invertebrates other than corals are also at risk (Przeslawski et al., 2008). Fish biodiversity is threatened by the permanent degradation of coral reefs, including in a marine reserve (Jones et al., 2004). Future impacts of climate-related drivers (ocea ...
Climate Change and Poverty in Mozambique
... years and perhaps the last millennium. The hottest 22 years on record have occurred since 1980, and 2005 was the hottest of all. The nearly universal consensus amongst scientists is that this warming trend has been triggered by the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses by human acti ...
... years and perhaps the last millennium. The hottest 22 years on record have occurred since 1980, and 2005 was the hottest of all. The nearly universal consensus amongst scientists is that this warming trend has been triggered by the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses by human acti ...
Climate change integrated assessment methodology for cross
... tool (Integrated Assessment Platform; IAP) that will allow stakeholders to assess climate change impacts and vulnerabilities for a range of sectors – IAP is based on an ensemble of meta-models, which are run with the user-selected climatic data representing present and future climates – When creatin ...
... tool (Integrated Assessment Platform; IAP) that will allow stakeholders to assess climate change impacts and vulnerabilities for a range of sectors – IAP is based on an ensemble of meta-models, which are run with the user-selected climatic data representing present and future climates – When creatin ...
Making Climate Data Relevant to Decision Making: The important
... science and decision-makers preparing for a future climate. There is no shortage of scientific data that has been produced about climate change, but very little of this information is relevant to onthe-ground decision making about these types of specific climate change impacts. This is due to differ ...
... science and decision-makers preparing for a future climate. There is no shortage of scientific data that has been produced about climate change, but very little of this information is relevant to onthe-ground decision making about these types of specific climate change impacts. This is due to differ ...
Climate Change Resources Working Group
... The PCCR was established in 2008 to support Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) with the implementation and monitoring of the Pacific Islands Framework for Action on Climate Change and its Action Plan (PIFACC). Previous Roundtables have been held in the Republic of the Marshall Islands ...
... The PCCR was established in 2008 to support Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) with the implementation and monitoring of the Pacific Islands Framework for Action on Climate Change and its Action Plan (PIFACC). Previous Roundtables have been held in the Republic of the Marshall Islands ...
Climate change adaptation: challenges and opportunities for a smart
... Up to now, major efforts have been addressed to promote mitigation strategies, capable to reduce GHG emissions, paying less attention to adaptation strategies, aimed at improving cities’ capability to deal with the impacts of climate change. In Europe, which is considered one of the world leader in ...
... Up to now, major efforts have been addressed to promote mitigation strategies, capable to reduce GHG emissions, paying less attention to adaptation strategies, aimed at improving cities’ capability to deal with the impacts of climate change. In Europe, which is considered one of the world leader in ...
Climate Change: Current Issues and Policy Tools
... On June 2, 2008, the Senate agreed to consider a bill (S. 3036) to control greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. This action is indicative of the pressures Members of Congress increasingly face on whether and how to address human-induced climate change. Contentious debates scrutinize issues ...
... On June 2, 2008, the Senate agreed to consider a bill (S. 3036) to control greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. This action is indicative of the pressures Members of Congress increasingly face on whether and how to address human-induced climate change. Contentious debates scrutinize issues ...
Climate Change and the Law
... as a naturally occurring event or as a hoax, we recommend that students be given a solid grounding in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes the policies and measures that are or could be used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, including the economic costs of some of those strategies. For students who h ...
... as a naturally occurring event or as a hoax, we recommend that students be given a solid grounding in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes the policies and measures that are or could be used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, including the economic costs of some of those strategies. For students who h ...
Philippine N ational Grassroots C onferenc e on Climate C hange
... weather phenomena. Climate change w as and is brought about by decades of human-induced surplus production based on the capitalist greed for super profits. More importantly, addressing climate change should be based on raising the question of sustainability of our global systems and structures of go ...
... weather phenomena. Climate change w as and is brought about by decades of human-induced surplus production based on the capitalist greed for super profits. More importantly, addressing climate change should be based on raising the question of sustainability of our global systems and structures of go ...
Assessment of climate change impact on hydrological extremes in
... for Lake Tana catchment implies that the GCM uncertainty is more important for explaining the unclear trend than the hydrological models uncertainty. Nevertheless, to have a better understanding of future impact, hydrological models need to be verified for their credibility of simulating extreme flo ...
... for Lake Tana catchment implies that the GCM uncertainty is more important for explaining the unclear trend than the hydrological models uncertainty. Nevertheless, to have a better understanding of future impact, hydrological models need to be verified for their credibility of simulating extreme flo ...
Climate Change and Sea Level Rise
... overwhelming. The rate of global sea level rise was faster from 1993 to 2003, about 3.1 [2.4 to 3.8] mm per year, as compared to the average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year from 1961 to 2003 (IPCC, 2007); and significantly higher than the average rate of 0.1 to 0.2 mm/yr increase recorded by ge ...
... overwhelming. The rate of global sea level rise was faster from 1993 to 2003, about 3.1 [2.4 to 3.8] mm per year, as compared to the average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year from 1961 to 2003 (IPCC, 2007); and significantly higher than the average rate of 0.1 to 0.2 mm/yr increase recorded by ge ...
Paulo Nobre
... P. Kubota, J. P. Bonatti, E. Ramirez, B. Antunes, T. Tarasova, F. Pesquero, M. H. Costa, G. Sampaio, M. Cardoso, C. Augusto Jr, M. Sanches, H. C. Soares, F. Casagrande, F. Odorizi, C. Fonseca, A. A. de Castro, A. D. Nobre, A. Cuartas, A. Lanfer, J. Pendharkar, J. Silva, R. Tedeschi, and C. A. Nobre ...
... P. Kubota, J. P. Bonatti, E. Ramirez, B. Antunes, T. Tarasova, F. Pesquero, M. H. Costa, G. Sampaio, M. Cardoso, C. Augusto Jr, M. Sanches, H. C. Soares, F. Casagrande, F. Odorizi, C. Fonseca, A. A. de Castro, A. D. Nobre, A. Cuartas, A. Lanfer, J. Pendharkar, J. Silva, R. Tedeschi, and C. A. Nobre ...
Climate warming and Bergmann`s rule through time: is
... Climate change is expected to induce many ecological and evolutionary changes. Among these is the hypothesis that climate warming will cause a reduction in body size. This hypothesis stems from Bergmann’s rule, a trend whereby species exhibit a smaller body size in warmer climates, and larger body s ...
... Climate change is expected to induce many ecological and evolutionary changes. Among these is the hypothesis that climate warming will cause a reduction in body size. This hypothesis stems from Bergmann’s rule, a trend whereby species exhibit a smaller body size in warmer climates, and larger body s ...
SimCLIM 2013 Data Manual 1 November 2013 Prepared By:
... Global pattern for other variable, include wind, solar radiation, relative humidity, sea surface temperature, all use the same methodology. See table 2 for the list of GCMs used in SimCLIM 2013 monthly precipitation and temperature patterns. Availabilities of GCM variables SimCLIM 2013 can display c ...
... Global pattern for other variable, include wind, solar radiation, relative humidity, sea surface temperature, all use the same methodology. See table 2 for the list of GCMs used in SimCLIM 2013 monthly precipitation and temperature patterns. Availabilities of GCM variables SimCLIM 2013 can display c ...
Chapter 19 - The Future
... achieve a low-carbon or carbon-free economy. For example, the International Climate Change Task Force has called for a “transformative technological revolution”: Preventing dangerous climate change . . . must be seen as a precondition for prosperity and a public good, like national security and publ ...
... achieve a low-carbon or carbon-free economy. For example, the International Climate Change Task Force has called for a “transformative technological revolution”: Preventing dangerous climate change . . . must be seen as a precondition for prosperity and a public good, like national security and publ ...
Feedback Dynamics, Sensitivity - Apollo-Gaia
... At its inception some seven years ago, the agenda of the Apollo-Gaia Project was focussed on two fundamental questions. Both were positioned right at the centre of concern of the climate science community. Both were subject to levels of uncertainty that jeopardised effective decision-making in the f ...
... At its inception some seven years ago, the agenda of the Apollo-Gaia Project was focussed on two fundamental questions. Both were positioned right at the centre of concern of the climate science community. Both were subject to levels of uncertainty that jeopardised effective decision-making in the f ...
Non-CO2 greenhouse gases and climate change
... between total emissions derived from background atmospheric changes1 and emissions needed to sustain late-Holocene mixing ratios of 255–270 p.p.b. (refs 15, 32), assuming an uncertainty in lifetime of 65%. b, Emissions by compound and sector (note scale change). Emissions associated with different s ...
... between total emissions derived from background atmospheric changes1 and emissions needed to sustain late-Holocene mixing ratios of 255–270 p.p.b. (refs 15, 32), assuming an uncertainty in lifetime of 65%. b, Emissions by compound and sector (note scale change). Emissions associated with different s ...
Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled
... distribution, as well as long-term sea level variations are not considered in our simulations. Our survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The tempe ...
... distribution, as well as long-term sea level variations are not considered in our simulations. Our survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The tempe ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.