Climate Change and Security Threats, Opportunities and
... Economies and institutions are adapted to certain patterns – such as river flows and monsoons – which will change due to climate variability. ...
... Economies and institutions are adapted to certain patterns – such as river flows and monsoons – which will change due to climate variability. ...
introduction to climate change
... thermal infrared radiation and travels toward the atmosphere. At this point, greenhouse gases (water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) in the atmosphere trap the thermal radiation and reflect it back toward the earth’s surface. These gases are acting as a blanket to keep the earth w ...
... thermal infrared radiation and travels toward the atmosphere. At this point, greenhouse gases (water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) in the atmosphere trap the thermal radiation and reflect it back toward the earth’s surface. These gases are acting as a blanket to keep the earth w ...
Topic 1: Global Warming and Climate Change
... average temperature). However, when the greenhouse gases concentration become too high, they will make the earth too hot and contribute to global warming. As seen in slide 9, many cities in 2014 reached its hottest record temperature- such as Sydney, Australia ...
... average temperature). However, when the greenhouse gases concentration become too high, they will make the earth too hot and contribute to global warming. As seen in slide 9, many cities in 2014 reached its hottest record temperature- such as Sydney, Australia ...
Professor Neville Nicholls Presentation from the March
... The IPCC assessments are “dull as dishwater” Tim Flannery, The Weather Makers ...
... The IPCC assessments are “dull as dishwater” Tim Flannery, The Weather Makers ...
Main contributing factors to changes of Earth´s climate
... sea levels for the past three million years The major sea-level cycles occur at intervals of about 100,000 years over the past about 800,000 years, with maximum amplitude of 120-140 m. NATURE 445 (2007) G.J. Bowen, When the world turned cold Before 34 million years, Antarctica has been a lush, green ...
... sea levels for the past three million years The major sea-level cycles occur at intervals of about 100,000 years over the past about 800,000 years, with maximum amplitude of 120-140 m. NATURE 445 (2007) G.J. Bowen, When the world turned cold Before 34 million years, Antarctica has been a lush, green ...
Uncertainty and Complexity: Thresholds in Climate Change
... Knight, Y. 2006. Knowledge, evidence, complexity and uncertainty: a summary. Planet. 17 24-25 Kuhn, T.S. 1996. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press) Levins, R. 1966. The Strategy of model building in population biology. Amer. Sci. 54(4). 421-431 Meyer, J.H.F ...
... Knight, Y. 2006. Knowledge, evidence, complexity and uncertainty: a summary. Planet. 17 24-25 Kuhn, T.S. 1996. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press) Levins, R. 1966. The Strategy of model building in population biology. Amer. Sci. 54(4). 421-431 Meyer, J.H.F ...
The US climate reference network: a national automated baseline
... evaluation of potential precipitation gages and to determine the optimal wind shield arrangement to minimize wind-induced undercatch. ...
... evaluation of potential precipitation gages and to determine the optimal wind shield arrangement to minimize wind-induced undercatch. ...
hamlet_harc_oct_2003 - UW Hydro
... Understand regional climate variability Analyze impacts of climate variations on natural and human systems Investigate institutional responses to climatic stresses Assess societal sensitivity, adaptability and vulnerability to climate variability Use evidence from retrospective studies as basis for ...
... Understand regional climate variability Analyze impacts of climate variations on natural and human systems Investigate institutional responses to climatic stresses Assess societal sensitivity, adaptability and vulnerability to climate variability Use evidence from retrospective studies as basis for ...
A broader view of the role of Roger A. Pielke Sr
... radiative effect of CO2. The IPCC assessments have been too conservative in recognizing the importance of these human climate forcings as they alter regional and global climate. When the IPCC focuses its policy attention on CO2, it neglects other important aspects of the impact of human activities o ...
... radiative effect of CO2. The IPCC assessments have been too conservative in recognizing the importance of these human climate forcings as they alter regional and global climate. When the IPCC focuses its policy attention on CO2, it neglects other important aspects of the impact of human activities o ...
Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of
... Commitments toward adaptation assistance should reflect new resources, distinct from funds earmarked for regular development assistance. States have an urgent responsibility to support mitigation and adaptation strategies, using innovative solutions, for countries and regions particularly vulnerabl ...
... Commitments toward adaptation assistance should reflect new resources, distinct from funds earmarked for regular development assistance. States have an urgent responsibility to support mitigation and adaptation strategies, using innovative solutions, for countries and regions particularly vulnerabl ...
Slide 1
... At regional scales, deforestation leads to drying (and heating), owing primarily to reduced evapotranspiration and water-holding capacity of soil E.g., cities in the Brazilian Amazon are warmer and drier than those areas were before they became urban centers E.g., much of Greece is warmer and drier ...
... At regional scales, deforestation leads to drying (and heating), owing primarily to reduced evapotranspiration and water-holding capacity of soil E.g., cities in the Brazilian Amazon are warmer and drier than those areas were before they became urban centers E.g., much of Greece is warmer and drier ...
L18
... heat-trapping gases in our atmosphere – Most of the increase in the concentration over the last century is due to human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation (controversial) ...
... heat-trapping gases in our atmosphere – Most of the increase in the concentration over the last century is due to human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation (controversial) ...
- Europa.eu
... Recap – Key messages – Environment • The Earth has enjoyed a stable environment over the past 10,000 years, which is now being compromised due to human action (Holocene Anthropocene) • Thresholds in key variables are already being exceeded: – Climate Change – Loss of biodiversity – Nitrogen cycle ...
... Recap – Key messages – Environment • The Earth has enjoyed a stable environment over the past 10,000 years, which is now being compromised due to human action (Holocene Anthropocene) • Thresholds in key variables are already being exceeded: – Climate Change – Loss of biodiversity – Nitrogen cycle ...
FUNDAMENTALS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE .(English)
... rainfall amounts expected to occur every 20 years now could be taking place every five years.” ...
... rainfall amounts expected to occur every 20 years now could be taking place every five years.” ...
Toward a Mathematical Theory of Climate Sensitivity
... the coming 100 years still range over several degrees Celsius. This difficulty in narrowing the range of estimates is clearly connected to the complexity of the climate system, the nonlinearity of the processes involved, and the obstacles to a faithful representation of these processes and feedbacks ...
... the coming 100 years still range over several degrees Celsius. This difficulty in narrowing the range of estimates is clearly connected to the complexity of the climate system, the nonlinearity of the processes involved, and the obstacles to a faithful representation of these processes and feedbacks ...
Climate Change Implications for Aroostook County, Maine D.E.
... Age. Dr. George Jacobsen, Maine state climatologist and Emeritus faculty of U Maine’s Climate Change Institute, recommends planting red oak and white pine here in the north with the expectations that conditions favorable for those species will occur here in Aroostook County during their life span. 3 ...
... Age. Dr. George Jacobsen, Maine state climatologist and Emeritus faculty of U Maine’s Climate Change Institute, recommends planting red oak and white pine here in the north with the expectations that conditions favorable for those species will occur here in Aroostook County during their life span. 3 ...
Exploring Climate Change
... debate became polarised, with the US Government denying climate change played any role and some extreme views claiming the storm and its intensity were a direct result of higher temperatures. The reality is somewhere in between and is much more complex than either extreme would like it to be. The sc ...
... debate became polarised, with the US Government denying climate change played any role and some extreme views claiming the storm and its intensity were a direct result of higher temperatures. The reality is somewhere in between and is much more complex than either extreme would like it to be. The sc ...
Climate Control and Ozone Depletion
... – Voters and Elected officials generally respond well to short-term problems ...
... – Voters and Elected officials generally respond well to short-term problems ...
Affiliated Individuals
... global bestseller that claimed a systematic exaggeration of the Earth's environmental problems. Environmentalists brought a complaint about the book before a body called the Danish Committees on Scientific Dishonesty (DCSD), which declared that Dr Lomborg's book was "contrary to the standards of goo ...
... global bestseller that claimed a systematic exaggeration of the Earth's environmental problems. Environmentalists brought a complaint about the book before a body called the Danish Committees on Scientific Dishonesty (DCSD), which declared that Dr Lomborg's book was "contrary to the standards of goo ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.