ClimateChange
... usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due ...
... usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due ...
Climate Change -- Takle - Iowa State University, Department of
... Global temperature trends of the 20C cannot be explained on the basis of natural variation alone Only when the influences of greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols are included can the trends be explained Models that explain these trends, when projected into the future, indicate a 1.5-6.5oC war ...
... Global temperature trends of the 20C cannot be explained on the basis of natural variation alone Only when the influences of greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols are included can the trends be explained Models that explain these trends, when projected into the future, indicate a 1.5-6.5oC war ...
AllanRP_NOCS_2014 - University of Reading, Meteorology
... Increased aerosol pollution over Asia? Increased Asian aerosol offset by decreases elsewhere – little change in 2000s: Murphy (2013) Nature Geosci (below) ALEX HOFFORD / EPA ...
... Increased aerosol pollution over Asia? Increased Asian aerosol offset by decreases elsewhere – little change in 2000s: Murphy (2013) Nature Geosci (below) ALEX HOFFORD / EPA ...
Hamilton`s Climate Change Actions
... – Ontario will increase by $133.5 million – Hamilton will increase by $97.2 million ...
... – Ontario will increase by $133.5 million – Hamilton will increase by $97.2 million ...
Puzzled about - Climate Change Connection
... Our planet has a natural cycle that moves huge amounts of carbon (200 billion tonnes) into and out of the atmosphere every year(9). When the cycle is balanced, atmospheric CO2 levels remain relatively stable. Careful measurements over the past fifty years have confirmed that CO2 in the atmosphere is ...
... Our planet has a natural cycle that moves huge amounts of carbon (200 billion tonnes) into and out of the atmosphere every year(9). When the cycle is balanced, atmospheric CO2 levels remain relatively stable. Careful measurements over the past fifty years have confirmed that CO2 in the atmosphere is ...
Click here to read story - The Resource Innovation Group
... The physical impacts of climate change are numerous, terrifying, and well-documented. Warming temperatures will likely drive more extreme precipitation events, raising the potential for devastating storms and floods. Drought will plague large stretches of the country, and the world, hitting some of ...
... The physical impacts of climate change are numerous, terrifying, and well-documented. Warming temperatures will likely drive more extreme precipitation events, raising the potential for devastating storms and floods. Drought will plague large stretches of the country, and the world, hitting some of ...
transcript - American Chemical Society
... Arabia of coal. U. S. coal reserves total almost 270 billion tons — 27 percent of the world total. Saudi Arabia has about 20 percent of the world’s oil reserves. Coal-fired electric power plants long have produced almost 50 percent of the electricity consumed in the United States. Coal, however, is ...
... Arabia of coal. U. S. coal reserves total almost 270 billion tons — 27 percent of the world total. Saudi Arabia has about 20 percent of the world’s oil reserves. Coal-fired electric power plants long have produced almost 50 percent of the electricity consumed in the United States. Coal, however, is ...
the Earths radiation budget
... Some incoming solar radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere. Most importantly for us, stratospheric ozone absorbs much of the incoming ultraviolet radiation, protecting all living things from potential damage. In 1859, John Tyndall's laboratory experiments showed that water vapour and carbon dioxide ...
... Some incoming solar radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere. Most importantly for us, stratospheric ozone absorbs much of the incoming ultraviolet radiation, protecting all living things from potential damage. In 1859, John Tyndall's laboratory experiments showed that water vapour and carbon dioxide ...
Slide 1
... • Approximately 20-30% of species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction • Large scale and persistent changes in Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) will have impacts on marine ecosystem productively, fisheries, ocean CO2 uptake and terrestrial vegetation INTERGOVERNME ...
... • Approximately 20-30% of species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction • Large scale and persistent changes in Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) will have impacts on marine ecosystem productively, fisheries, ocean CO2 uptake and terrestrial vegetation INTERGOVERNME ...
Global Warming
... heats the earth’s surface. The earth then radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse This is how we get the “Greenhouse Effect” ...
... heats the earth’s surface. The earth then radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse This is how we get the “Greenhouse Effect” ...
... Since the early 1990s, the global communities have come together under the auspices of UNFCCC to address issues associated with climate change. Nigeria has been visible in the various negotiations on actions to reduce the manifest as well as anticipated impacts of climate. Under the UNFCCC, it is ge ...
Lauren Keller UEP 232 January 30, 2012 Project Topics Climate
... Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines) to climate change. This project would use the IPCC definition of vulnerability as “the degree to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with the adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Vulnerability i ...
... Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines) to climate change. This project would use the IPCC definition of vulnerability as “the degree to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with the adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Vulnerability i ...
fluid dynamics - University of Guelph
... few decades of the 20th century than during any comparable period over the preceding millennium. The substantial uncertainties currently present in the quantitative assessment of large-scale surface temperature changes prior to about A.D. 1600 lower our confidence in this conclusion compared to the ...
... few decades of the 20th century than during any comparable period over the preceding millennium. The substantial uncertainties currently present in the quantitative assessment of large-scale surface temperature changes prior to about A.D. 1600 lower our confidence in this conclusion compared to the ...
Are you Clear About Carbon? - Cornwall Development Company
... CH4 is another naturally occurring gas, formed by microbes that break down organic matter in oxygenpoor environments. It remains in the atmosphere for 11-12 years and accounts for 8% of UK man-made GHG emissions. Globally as much as two thirds of methane originates from man-made sources, such as liv ...
... CH4 is another naturally occurring gas, formed by microbes that break down organic matter in oxygenpoor environments. It remains in the atmosphere for 11-12 years and accounts for 8% of UK man-made GHG emissions. Globally as much as two thirds of methane originates from man-made sources, such as liv ...
CLIMATE CHANGE: THE CASE FOR LONG TERM TARGETS
... choices that have a substantial chance of meeting the long-term objective when coupled with plausible options for subsequent periods. An important objection that has been raised to the proposed approach is the degree of effort needed to reach agreement on such a target in the context of very large u ...
... choices that have a substantial chance of meeting the long-term objective when coupled with plausible options for subsequent periods. An important objection that has been raised to the proposed approach is the degree of effort needed to reach agreement on such a target in the context of very large u ...
Analysing Climate Legisation
... • Consequently, it is impossible to assess its effectiveness and it is impossible to use best practices (indeed how could we unless we know what does or does not work) • The existence of legislation does not necessarily alter behaviour so the existence of climate change legislation does not imply co ...
... • Consequently, it is impossible to assess its effectiveness and it is impossible to use best practices (indeed how could we unless we know what does or does not work) • The existence of legislation does not necessarily alter behaviour so the existence of climate change legislation does not imply co ...
Climate Justice beyond 2012
... in substantially reducing emissions by their ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Developing countries have contributed least to climate change, but emissions reductions are not being achieved on the scale required and many already suffer from the negat ...
... in substantially reducing emissions by their ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Developing countries have contributed least to climate change, but emissions reductions are not being achieved on the scale required and many already suffer from the negat ...
L18.ppt
... heat-trapping gases in our atmosphere – Most of the increase in the concentration over the last century is due to human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation (controversial) ...
... heat-trapping gases in our atmosphere – Most of the increase in the concentration over the last century is due to human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation (controversial) ...
Dominant Discourses in Climate Change Negotiations
... and deadlines to drawing up and committing to a new, post2020 mitigation framework under the Convention. Parties established the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action which spelled out a path to negotiate a new legal and universal emission reduction agreement by 2015, to be adopted by 2020 (a Paris ...
... and deadlines to drawing up and committing to a new, post2020 mitigation framework under the Convention. Parties established the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action which spelled out a path to negotiate a new legal and universal emission reduction agreement by 2015, to be adopted by 2020 (a Paris ...
International Institutional Responses to Climate Change in a Post
... following sources, designated in the class schedule with the icons listed ...
... following sources, designated in the class schedule with the icons listed ...
Changing Societies Without Changing Lifestyles?
... • But only a combination of all three strategies will lead us ahead, not a single one alone, or even only two combined. • This implies that is is an open question whether or not more green will lead to more growth. • If strategies 1 and 2 are accepted, why thus is no. 3 necessary, and how is it poss ...
... • But only a combination of all three strategies will lead us ahead, not a single one alone, or even only two combined. • This implies that is is an open question whether or not more green will lead to more growth. • If strategies 1 and 2 are accepted, why thus is no. 3 necessary, and how is it poss ...
Class Slides
... - terrestrial: tundra, boreal forest and mountain regions because of sensitivity to warming; Mediterranean-type ecosystems because of reduction in rainfall; and tropical rainforests where precipitation declines - coastal: mangroves and salt marshes, due to ...
... - terrestrial: tundra, boreal forest and mountain regions because of sensitivity to warming; Mediterranean-type ecosystems because of reduction in rainfall; and tropical rainforests where precipitation declines - coastal: mangroves and salt marshes, due to ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.