James Croll in Context: The Encounter between Climate Dynamics
... James Croll, the second son of David Croil, a stonemason, and Janet Ellis, entered this world in the village of Little Whitefield, in the parish of Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland on 2 Jan 1821. He was raised on a farm, had almost no formal education, and was by his own account “a rather dull scholar, ...
... James Croll, the second son of David Croil, a stonemason, and Janet Ellis, entered this world in the village of Little Whitefield, in the parish of Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland on 2 Jan 1821. He was raised on a farm, had almost no formal education, and was by his own account “a rather dull scholar, ...
Alberta`s Natural Subregions Under a Changing Climate
... relatively stable during the Hypsithermal. There is evidence of upslope movement of tree species, and in some areas there was an increase in the proportion of pine, together with an increase in the rate of fire. The water table decreased, but lakes did not become ...
... relatively stable during the Hypsithermal. There is evidence of upslope movement of tree species, and in some areas there was an increase in the proportion of pine, together with an increase in the rate of fire. The water table decreased, but lakes did not become ...
Global Change Impacts on Australian Rangelands
... scenarios are likely to slow this down somewhat (4-25%) compared with historical rates. However, with grazing under existing burning practices, all CO2 and climate change scenarios increased the already positive net emissions from the system (by up to a factor of ten) due to increased fuel loads and ...
... scenarios are likely to slow this down somewhat (4-25%) compared with historical rates. However, with grazing under existing burning practices, all CO2 and climate change scenarios increased the already positive net emissions from the system (by up to a factor of ten) due to increased fuel loads and ...
Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and
... response to this request realized that carbon dioxide removal and albedo modification (i.e., modification of the fraction of short-wavelength solar radiation reflected from Earth back into space) have traditionally been lumped together under the term “geoengineering” but are sufficiently different t ...
... response to this request realized that carbon dioxide removal and albedo modification (i.e., modification of the fraction of short-wavelength solar radiation reflected from Earth back into space) have traditionally been lumped together under the term “geoengineering” but are sufficiently different t ...
WHAT IS WRONG WITH STERN? Peter Lilley MP The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... costs of cutting emissions have begun to hit households and companies. Global warming seems to have paused in recent years. The ‘Climategate’ emails and IPCC scandals dented public confidence in scientists’ predictions that warming will resume. Political parties committed to costly climate policies ...
... costs of cutting emissions have begun to hit households and companies. Global warming seems to have paused in recent years. The ‘Climategate’ emails and IPCC scandals dented public confidence in scientists’ predictions that warming will resume. Political parties committed to costly climate policies ...
Proceedings of the European Conference on Biodiversity and
... Climate change is arguably one of the most significant conservation challenges of the 21st century. Not only will there be direct climate change with effects on biodiversity but also societal mitigation and adaptation measures may seriously impact on biodiversity. In the light of a changing climate ...
... Climate change is arguably one of the most significant conservation challenges of the 21st century. Not only will there be direct climate change with effects on biodiversity but also societal mitigation and adaptation measures may seriously impact on biodiversity. In the light of a changing climate ...
Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration
... response to this request realized that carbon dioxide removal and albedo modification (i.e., modification of the fraction of short-wavelength solar radiation reflected from Earth back into space) have traditionally been lumped together under the term “geoengineering” but are sufficiently different t ...
... response to this request realized that carbon dioxide removal and albedo modification (i.e., modification of the fraction of short-wavelength solar radiation reflected from Earth back into space) have traditionally been lumped together under the term “geoengineering” but are sufficiently different t ...
RSM-ASCC_conceptpape..
... ASEAN has been in existence for 43 years and it has yet to enjoy wide recognition and support from its own people. Many believe that the main obstacle in understanding ASEAN is the dearth of information on its activities and operations. This meeting will discuss the access to information issues with ...
... ASEAN has been in existence for 43 years and it has yet to enjoy wide recognition and support from its own people. Many believe that the main obstacle in understanding ASEAN is the dearth of information on its activities and operations. This meeting will discuss the access to information issues with ...
An Overview of Climate Scenarios in Tanzania
... society in the 21st century. It is now affecting both natural and social systems. African continent is affected most. Climate changed is caused by global warming This is associated with human induced green house gas emissions Carbon dioxide being the most significant gas. ...
... society in the 21st century. It is now affecting both natural and social systems. African continent is affected most. Climate changed is caused by global warming This is associated with human induced green house gas emissions Carbon dioxide being the most significant gas. ...
Forests and Climate Change
... 2. Overview of Forests and Climate Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 UKFS Requirements . . . . . . . . . ...
... 2. Overview of Forests and Climate Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 UKFS Requirements . . . . . . . . . ...
Climate Change and Wetlands: Impacts and Mitigation
... recent changes in the world’s climate systems, and continued emissions of greenhouse gases is projected to result in further climate change (IPCC 2001a), which is a potentially large future pressure on wetlands. The projected changes in climate, including increasing mean global temperatures, changes ...
... recent changes in the world’s climate systems, and continued emissions of greenhouse gases is projected to result in further climate change (IPCC 2001a), which is a potentially large future pressure on wetlands. The projected changes in climate, including increasing mean global temperatures, changes ...
Climate phoenix - Grattan Institute
... gases Australia can emit gets less and less. It does not matter if emissions are higher than they should be in a particular year so long as the trend overall is to lower emissions. If emissions between now and 2020 average at or below the trajectory shown, Australia will have met its target. ...
... gases Australia can emit gets less and less. It does not matter if emissions are higher than they should be in a particular year so long as the trend overall is to lower emissions. If emissions between now and 2020 average at or below the trajectory shown, Australia will have met its target. ...
FINAL REPORT Queensland Farmers Federation Climate Change
... In progressing investigations into climate risks in the future, it became clear that this type of work is very much a “work-in-progress” and it is vital that the underlying climate science research, where possible should be more closely aligned to the decision-making needs of farm families and agrib ...
... In progressing investigations into climate risks in the future, it became clear that this type of work is very much a “work-in-progress” and it is vital that the underlying climate science research, where possible should be more closely aligned to the decision-making needs of farm families and agrib ...
Confronting Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region
... is entering a period of unusually rapid climate change, driven largely by human activities that release heat-trapping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, the responsibility for safeguarding our natural heritage is becoming urgent. Growing evidence suggests that the climate of the Great Lakes regio ...
... is entering a period of unusually rapid climate change, driven largely by human activities that release heat-trapping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, the responsibility for safeguarding our natural heritage is becoming urgent. Growing evidence suggests that the climate of the Great Lakes regio ...
Sinks that stink - World Rainforest Movement
... concerned with how much money each country thinks it might save or grab in the short term that about finding true solutions to a real problem. To cut or not to cut emissions? Amazingly enough, that does not seem to be the question. For all it seems quite clear that cutting emissions is a need. Howev ...
... concerned with how much money each country thinks it might save or grab in the short term that about finding true solutions to a real problem. To cut or not to cut emissions? Amazingly enough, that does not seem to be the question. For all it seems quite clear that cutting emissions is a need. Howev ...
Learning to Live in a Changing Climate
... through the burning of fossil fuels. Large scale decarbonisation of economies is required in order to deliver the scale of mitigation required to slow down climate change, limiting global warming to “well below 2°C1” as agreed last year in the UNFCCC Paris agreement; and crucially also to create spa ...
... through the burning of fossil fuels. Large scale decarbonisation of economies is required in order to deliver the scale of mitigation required to slow down climate change, limiting global warming to “well below 2°C1” as agreed last year in the UNFCCC Paris agreement; and crucially also to create spa ...
Agroforestry from Mediterranean Partner Countries: Report on
... this project is that it can be used for identifying potential adaptation strategies. If adaptation options have already proven their viability in a situation that represents the climatic future of the site of interest, then there is potential to apply these technologies in the base line location (Ra ...
... this project is that it can be used for identifying potential adaptation strategies. If adaptation options have already proven their viability in a situation that represents the climatic future of the site of interest, then there is potential to apply these technologies in the base line location (Ra ...
ISSUE BRIEF 14 mANDATORy REGUlATION OF NONTRADITIONAl GREENHOUSE GASES: POlICy OPTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAl
... system for only high GWP gases—have been suggested by a major producer of refrigerants as possible approaches for regulating this category of emissions.13 Because the fluorinated gases have such high GWPs, a potential downside to including them in an economywide approach is that relatively modest pr ...
... system for only high GWP gases—have been suggested by a major producer of refrigerants as possible approaches for regulating this category of emissions.13 Because the fluorinated gases have such high GWPs, a potential downside to including them in an economywide approach is that relatively modest pr ...
Land Cover Land Use Change and Soil Organic Carbon Under
... (Figure 4) simulated for the 9 LCLU classes using the year 2000 hard classification (Figure 1). Only pixels where SOC and NPP was modeled are considered (i.e., not water bodies, clouds, cloud shadows, settlement areas, or where there was no Landsat data). . 72 Table 5 Comparison by agro-ecological z ...
... (Figure 4) simulated for the 9 LCLU classes using the year 2000 hard classification (Figure 1). Only pixels where SOC and NPP was modeled are considered (i.e., not water bodies, clouds, cloud shadows, settlement areas, or where there was no Landsat data). . 72 Table 5 Comparison by agro-ecological z ...
a guidebook on climate scenarios
... information can be presented to decision-makers, such as planners, engineers, resource managers, and goverment. Finally, a third section outlines key climate modeling concepts that support a good understanding of climate information in general. This document is not detailed enough to inform users on ...
... information can be presented to decision-makers, such as planners, engineers, resource managers, and goverment. Finally, a third section outlines key climate modeling concepts that support a good understanding of climate information in general. This document is not detailed enough to inform users on ...
WOMEN AND CLiMAtE ChANGE - Georgetown Institute for Women
... Millennium Development Goals, which were adopted by the UN in 2000 to eradicate extreme poverty, have been transformed into the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals, which have a global scope and place a stronger emphasis on sustainability – environmental integrity, social equality, and economic ...
... Millennium Development Goals, which were adopted by the UN in 2000 to eradicate extreme poverty, have been transformed into the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals, which have a global scope and place a stronger emphasis on sustainability – environmental integrity, social equality, and economic ...
... The extent and pace of climate changes will lead to potential impacts on food, water, energy and economic security. Observed change in the climate system is an issue of ongoing concern for the US. Recent unusual extreme weather phenomena worldwide, such as droughts, floods, severe storms, and heat w ...
Desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol interactions
... the effectiveness of dust generation from each grid cell. Note that this still allows soil moisture, winds and vegetation to impact the local source strength as well. For the AEROSOL cases (described below), we also changed the threshold LAI where dust production occurs (from 0.1 to 0.3) and do thes ...
... the effectiveness of dust generation from each grid cell. Note that this still allows soil moisture, winds and vegetation to impact the local source strength as well. For the AEROSOL cases (described below), we also changed the threshold LAI where dust production occurs (from 0.1 to 0.3) and do thes ...
Uncertainty in climate change projections: the role of internal
... Thermodynamic coupling between the atmosphere and upper ocean mixed layer produces slow climate fluctuations via the ocean’s integration of atmospheric ‘‘white noise’’ turbulent heat flux forcing (e.g., Frankignoul and Hasselmann 1977; Yukimoto et al. 1996; Barsugli and Battisti 1998; Deser et al. 2 ...
... Thermodynamic coupling between the atmosphere and upper ocean mixed layer produces slow climate fluctuations via the ocean’s integration of atmospheric ‘‘white noise’’ turbulent heat flux forcing (e.g., Frankignoul and Hasselmann 1977; Yukimoto et al. 1996; Barsugli and Battisti 1998; Deser et al. 2 ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.