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The Geography of Climate - Mary Robinson Foundation
The Geography of Climate - Mary Robinson Foundation

... The climate is changing, human activities are contributing to this and the impacts are already being felt by people, plants and animals across the globe1. However the impacts of climate change are not evenly distributed. The poorest countries and the most vulnerable people within them, particularly ...
critical remarks addressed to climate fanatics and climate sceptics
critical remarks addressed to climate fanatics and climate sceptics

... 4. More than half of all accessible freshwater resources have come to be used by humankind (Myers, 2008). Superficial waters and most nearsurface waters are already polluted, therefore a large part of drinking water (and unfortunately also irrigation water) comes from aquifers. The natural recharge ...
Adapting to Climate Change - Business for Social Responsibility
Adapting to Climate Change - Business for Social Responsibility

... would be justified under all possible scenarios) for your company? 2. Do you have operations in, or source from, countries that are considered climate “hotspots”? 3. Where are the information gaps? 4. Have you identified stakeholders and/or collaborative effort forums to work with? 5. How much visib ...
New project-based instructional modules improve climate change
New project-based instructional modules improve climate change

... The intent of this paper is to share results of a three-year project funded by the NASA NICE (NASA Innovations in Climate Education) program. The Project-Based Global Climate Change Education program at Clarkson University in New York State included the development and dissemination of new inquiry a ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

Myles Allen slideshow no.1
Myles Allen slideshow no.1

... Aim: to quantify the role of increased greenhouse gases in precipitation responsible for 2000 floods. Challenge: relatively unlikely event even given 2000 climate drivers and sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Approach: large (multi-thousand-member) ensemble simulation of April 2000 – March 2001 using ...
3_session_Ayensu
3_session_Ayensu

... of affiliated foundations in China, India, the U.S., and the European Union • Launched in May 2008 to provide analytical and policy support for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations on a post-Kyoto international climate agreement • Provide a forum where key ...
A Leading Cause of Everything: One Industry That Is Destroying Our
A Leading Cause of Everything: One Industry That Is Destroying Our

... hunger. Food safety. Heart disease. Obesity. Diabetes. The list goes on. There is one issue at the heart of all these global problems that is too often overlooked by private individuals and policy makers alike—our demand for and reliance on animal products. We can take a substantial step towards add ...
Lecture PPT - University of Minnesota
Lecture PPT - University of Minnesota

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... for a directional shift in India’s response to climate change. It houses eight core missions on the basis of which a low-carbon Indian economy is being built. • Implementation: Ministries with lead responsibility for each of the missions report to the Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change. The ...
Adaptation Cost Estimation - Asia Pacific Adaptation Network
Adaptation Cost Estimation - Asia Pacific Adaptation Network

... 2. Aggregate Estimates of Costs of Adaptation • Many studies have used integrated assessment models to estimate the impacts of climate change under “Business as Usual” (BAU) assumptions, and the cost to mitigate these impacts. • For example, the Stern Report (2006) estimated that BAU climate change ...
Relevant Climate studies of the Ghana Meteorological Agency
Relevant Climate studies of the Ghana Meteorological Agency

... Regions, like , Ada,Kpetoe, Tsito, Cape Coast etc ...
Unit 1 – Revision List
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Peatlands - Wetlands International
Peatlands - Wetlands International

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PROTECT OUR PLANET Why the POP Movement?

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... of the UEA controversies, 44% of respondents did not trust climate scientists to tell the truth about global warming. 41% did trust climate scientists to tell the truth. Further, 62% of respondents said their view on global warming is best fit by the statement “the planet is warming and human activi ...
THE NEXUS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, LAND USE, AND CONFLICT
THE NEXUS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, LAND USE, AND CONFLICT

... 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) models, it remains unclear whether greenhouse-gas-induced climate warming will lead to more or less rainfall in most parts of the Sahara, Sahel, and Sudan. Models that include atmosphere–land surface interaction indicate that there could be some ...
National Research Council. 2011. Climate
National Research Council. 2011. Climate

... Higher temperatures increase evaporation from oceans, lakes, plants, and soil, putting more water vapor in the atmosphere and, in turn, producing more rain and snow in some areas. However, increased evaporation also dries out the land surface, which reduces precipitation in some regions. This figure ...
PPT - Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group
PPT - Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group

... Understanding the effects of air pollutants (ozone, aerosols) on climate, the related feedbacks, and the effects of climate change on air quality Need better characterization of aerosol forcing, new generation of GCMs including aerosols/chemistry/biosphere and global/regional coupling Climatic effe ...
Proof that CO2 is not the Cause of the Current
Proof that CO2 is not the Cause of the Current

... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and its adherents, claim that with at least 90% certainty (and possibly as high as 99%) that anthropogenic (man– induced) emissions of greenhouse gasses, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2 ) are the cause of the warming that has occurred globally si ...
Climate Change Adaptation in New England Agriculture
Climate Change Adaptation in New England Agriculture

... ›› Monitor for pest pressures – Farms should monitor for changing pests pressure (e.g., fungi, insects) and incorporate associated management techniques as necessary. If herbicide or pesticide use is necessary, follow best management practices and select the least harmful methods to decrease associa ...
climate change mitigation and adaptation
climate change mitigation and adaptation

... stressed countries in the world (ADB, 2013). Current water storage capacity is limited to a 30-day supply, well below the recommended 1,000 days for countries with a similar climate. Climate change is affecting snowmelt and reducing flows in the Indus River system (Figure 1), the main water supply s ...
Climate projections for ecologists
Climate projections for ecologists

... Scenarios’, or SRES, which comprised the A1, A2, B1 and B2 scenarios) to scenarios based on different climate policies (known as ‘representative concentration pathways’, or RCPs). We explain how projections from global climate models, which are usually at resolutions of several hundred kilometres, c ...
Word  - Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand
Word - Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand

... destabilised climate than most countries, and we have little chance of influencing international agreements and action by others if we don’t put our own house in order. There is also likely to be an international backlash against countries with high per capita emissions who are perceived to be doing ...
Climate Change and International Labour Movement's Response
Climate Change and International Labour Movement's Response

... • Formal debates seem far from agreement (Japan, US, Australia far from targets needed; Russia not willing to join any target; EU ambitious, but not enough; Emerging economies reluctant to announce objectives without financial commitments from Developed Countries) • Differences between discourse and ...
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Climate engineering



Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.
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