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Socio-economic implications of climate change on tea producing countries
Socio-economic implications of climate change on tea producing countries

... Adaptation measures recommended by the Working Group on Climate Change: • Planting drought and stress tolerant tea cultivars • Diversifying production • Intercropping tea with other tree crops • Organic cultivation • Water conservation ...
Teacher`s Guide - Royal Society of New Zealand
Teacher`s Guide - Royal Society of New Zealand

... Do these people believe Climate Change is happening, or do they consider it a made up myth? Their viewpoint will show their values position on Climate Change. The evidence for their viewpoint is in their words. Your Task: In your groups, discuss each statement and come to some conclusions then recor ...
here - CDP Turkey
here - CDP Turkey

... • Provided 100,000 global suppliers with a survey to evaluate their own companies’ sustainability to be used in data base and tool • ESG data on 3080 companies in 43 countries in the hands of investors • Provides objective, relevant and systematic ...
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the

... helps them to meet their commitments if they have problems doing so. Adaptation The Kyoto Protocol, like the Convention, is also designed to assist countries in adapting to the adverse effects of climate change. It facilitates the development and deployment of techniques that can help increase resil ...
TAPP Newsletter
TAPP Newsletter

... not try to influence the direction? One of the students already holds a Doctor in Veterinary Medicine but is taking an additional degree in animal science, and the three other students are in their last year of veterinary education. All students use results from this project in their thesis. When it ...
El Niño Southern Oscillation-Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes and
El Niño Southern Oscillation-Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes and

... 1) How good can we model El Niño’s evolution and regional impacts and clmate extremes?. It depends on how good is the model in reproducing climate processes and feedbacks. 2) Do all models do a good job predicting climate in all the planet?, No, in some regions, yes, in others do not (Model predicta ...
3 - Build credibility and increase market share Action
3 - Build credibility and increase market share Action

... • Exceeded NGER threshold and avoided $220,000 fine • Opportunity to offset all emissions via embedded carbon pricing (less than 1.8% increase) ...
6 July 2012 - United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
6 July 2012 - United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

... LULUCF (Land use, land use change, forestry) • Important parameter of GHG balance • Covers emissions and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from direct human-induced land use, land-use change and forestry activities • It is mandatory for Annex 1 Parties to account for changes in carbons stocks ...
avoid dangerous climate change
avoid dangerous climate change

... … and the science is very clear here - we need an urgent & radical reduction in our carbon dioxide emissions if we are to “avoid dangerous climate change” ...
The Paleozoic Era - Grass Range Science
The Paleozoic Era - Grass Range Science

... Ordovician Period The Ordovician Period was the second out of six periods in the Paleozoic Era.The Ordovician spans 41.2 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period 485.4 million years ago. From 460 to 450 Ma, volcanoes along the margin of the Iapetus Ocean spewed massive amounts of carbon di ...
Points to Make for Spain
Points to Make for Spain

... Because Europe is harming itself economically, and unilaterally Because alternate approaches exist, and Because, e.g., the U.S. is vastly outperforming Europe on CO2 emissions This is a political opportunity: you can offer salvation, not from harmful “climate change” but from harmful climate change ...
03.0 Clean Development Mechanism 3959KB
03.0 Clean Development Mechanism 3959KB

... •Conditions for entry into force 55 parties and at least 55% CO2 1990 emissions by UNFCCC Annex I parties. (NB condition met on 16 February 2007) •Parties 175 countries and other governmental entities (as of November 2007) •175 parties have ratified the protocol. Of these, 36 developed countries (pl ...
Climate Change and Sea Level Rise
Climate Change and Sea Level Rise

... It is vital to also realize how oceans help by acting as a reservoir for dissolved carbon dioxide and are critical in their ability to absorb, retain, and distribute heat. Recent reports indicate that deep ocean water is warming faster than ever before—showing that the ocean is acting as a heat sin ...
Top margin 1
Top margin 1

... the Arctic permafrost, which would release huge quantities of methane gas into the atmosphere, or extensive melting of the Greenland and/or West Antarctic land-based ice sheets, which would raise sea levels by several metres in the long term (it is very likely that the melting of these ice sheets i ...
Climate Change in the Pacific | Volume 1: Regional Overview
Climate Change in the Pacific | Volume 1: Regional Overview

... trends, and further develop climate change projections for the region and individual countries. The research was been undertaken between 2009 and 2011 as part of the Pacific Climate ...
The evolving and increasing need for climate change research on
The evolving and increasing need for climate change research on

... half of the oxygen we breathe and absorbing half of the carbon dioxide we emit through the burning of fossil fuels. They accumulate over 95% of the Earth’s water and mobile carbon, providing food and livelihood opportunities. Discussing the effects of climate change on the world’s oceans is thus cri ...
Why `thinking like a lawyer` might mean less time litigating and more
Why `thinking like a lawyer` might mean less time litigating and more

... presented at the recent UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris, with arguments based largely on the idea that “developed countries owe developing countries a ‘debt’ over climate change, and must provide financial aid in addition to taking major steps toward cutting damaging emissions”. 17 ...
Help Save The World with Bamboo
Help Save The World with Bamboo

... • Climate Change refers to any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity or changing levels of Green House Gases (GHGs). • It describes the short and long term effects on the earth’s climate as a result of human activities such as fossil fuel com ...
Does pre-industrial warming double the anthropogenic total?
Does pre-industrial warming double the anthropogenic total?

... increases to ~1.5°C with the deep ocean included (Kutzbach et al., 2011). Similarly, simulations using CCSM4 with a mixed-layer ocean indicate a net warming of ~0.9°C (He et al., 2014) but the warming increases to ~1.5°C with the deep ocean included (Kutzbach et al., 2013). Both kinds of models inco ...
A Case for the Deep Ocean - Ocean and Climate Platform
A Case for the Deep Ocean - Ocean and Climate Platform

... regulation, and thus new pressures exerted on it and its components should be a major concern. The deep sea provides many ecosystem services, such as storing heat and anthropogenic carbon emitted into the atmosphere. These services are key to sequestrating CO2 and CH4 on longer timescales, as well a ...
Global Warming-Possible Courses of Action
Global Warming-Possible Courses of Action

... “Global Warming is too serious for the world any longer to ignore its danger or split into opposing factions on it.” (Tony Blair, 2005) Some of the scientists, I believe, haven’t they been changing their opinion a little bit on global warming? There’s a lot of differing opinions and before we react ...
PREFACE
PREFACE

... We are pleased to introduce the five-volume set of books on bottom-up, resource-based vulnerability assessments of the societally and environmentally key resources of water, food, energy, human health and well-being, and ecosystem function. This inclusive bottom-up vulnerability concept requires the ...
Presentation - Wisconsin Initiative on Climate Change Impacts
Presentation - Wisconsin Initiative on Climate Change Impacts

... Three new metrics provide an assessment of the risk of decline of trees, saplings, and seedlings using data from the Climate Change Tree Atlas: • Climate Risk – Overstory • Climate Risk – Saplings • Climate Risk – Seedlings ...
Greenhouse Gases and Farming Livestock
Greenhouse Gases and Farming Livestock

... pasture. For further information on measuring greenhouse gas emissions see www.pggrc.co.nz. ...
World Bank presentation - Global Environment Facility
World Bank presentation - Global Environment Facility

... The objective is to contribute to the conservation of biodiversity of global importance in the OECS by removing barriers to the effective management of protected areas, and increasing the involvement of civil society and the private sector in the planning, management and sustainable use of these are ...
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Climate engineering



Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.
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