The Discovery of Rapid Climate Change
... half a century or so. The limitation scarcely worried climatologists, who assumed that significant changes took place only over thousands of years. In their textbooks, climate was introduced as the long-term average of weather over time, by definition, static over centuries. The experts held a tradi ...
... half a century or so. The limitation scarcely worried climatologists, who assumed that significant changes took place only over thousands of years. In their textbooks, climate was introduced as the long-term average of weather over time, by definition, static over centuries. The experts held a tradi ...
Economics and the Environment_ What are the limits of
... costs and benefit values of particular mitigation and impact based policies (Turner et al., 1994), However, many environmental and social changes are not directly amenable to economic evaluation which thus represents a constraint to applying cost benefit analysis to climate change on a global scale ...
... costs and benefit values of particular mitigation and impact based policies (Turner et al., 1994), However, many environmental and social changes are not directly amenable to economic evaluation which thus represents a constraint to applying cost benefit analysis to climate change on a global scale ...
3.2.9 Global change and extreme hydrological conditions – Floods
... Therefore, the risks for extreme conditions in which water plays a central role appear to further increase in the future. Actually, floods and droughts are comparatively rare events, and their occurrence apparently implies a random character. Careful time series analysis however reveals that cycles ...
... Therefore, the risks for extreme conditions in which water plays a central role appear to further increase in the future. Actually, floods and droughts are comparatively rare events, and their occurrence apparently implies a random character. Careful time series analysis however reveals that cycles ...
CLIMATIC EXPOSURE OF FORESTS IN THE CARPATHIANS
... and landuse. Recent recognition of climate change related threats to mountain ecosystems initiated an array of researches on this topic. This study investigates the anticipated development of selected bioclimatic variables in the Carpathians using an ensemble of climate change scenarios; and it pres ...
... and landuse. Recent recognition of climate change related threats to mountain ecosystems initiated an array of researches on this topic. This study investigates the anticipated development of selected bioclimatic variables in the Carpathians using an ensemble of climate change scenarios; and it pres ...
Journal of Crop Improvement
... drastically increase their numbers, severely hindering progress against food insecurity. Climate change also threatens poverty-reduction efforts as the poor depend directly on already fragile ecosystems for their well-being and livelihoods. They lack the resources to adequately defend themselves or ...
... drastically increase their numbers, severely hindering progress against food insecurity. Climate change also threatens poverty-reduction efforts as the poor depend directly on already fragile ecosystems for their well-being and livelihoods. They lack the resources to adequately defend themselves or ...
CASE STUDY PRECIS - Nexus for ICTs, Climate Change and
... The key driver of the project is the Hadley Centre which developed the model and the user software. The Hadley Centre is a subsidiary of the UK Meteorological Office which deals with scientific issues relating to climate change. The core funding comes from the UK's Department for Environment, Food ...
... The key driver of the project is the Hadley Centre which developed the model and the user software. The Hadley Centre is a subsidiary of the UK Meteorological Office which deals with scientific issues relating to climate change. The core funding comes from the UK's Department for Environment, Food ...
Climatic Change, Land Use and Food Security
... Natural and Man-made. For the purpose of this paper, emphasis was on man-made causes. Climate change is mainly caused by the production of green house gases from human activities including agricultural production, industrialization, burning of fossil and bio fuels, and deforestation among others (St ...
... Natural and Man-made. For the purpose of this paper, emphasis was on man-made causes. Climate change is mainly caused by the production of green house gases from human activities including agricultural production, industrialization, burning of fossil and bio fuels, and deforestation among others (St ...
CLIMATE CHANGE COMMUNICATION AT VTV Presenters: Hoang
... The warming has promoted the melting speed 30% faster than usual The water level is forecasted to be 40-50cm below average ...
... The warming has promoted the melting speed 30% faster than usual The water level is forecasted to be 40-50cm below average ...
Jack Fishman Saint Louis University
... testified before Congress in 1988 that global warming was already here and that its cause was the burning of fossil fuel. Hansen predicted that the warmest years in the 20th century would take place in the 1990s. Analysis of temperature measurements, dating back to the 19th century, confirm Hansen’s ...
... testified before Congress in 1988 that global warming was already here and that its cause was the burning of fossil fuel. Hansen predicted that the warmest years in the 20th century would take place in the 1990s. Analysis of temperature measurements, dating back to the 19th century, confirm Hansen’s ...
Folie 1 - Governance of Adaptation
... Concerning the stakeholders’ capacity to take an active role in the adaptation process and the non existing need for more participation Economic rationality and the impact of governmental frameworks (e.g. environmental laws) Rationalisation of decision processes and opinions (inconsistent stat ...
... Concerning the stakeholders’ capacity to take an active role in the adaptation process and the non existing need for more participation Economic rationality and the impact of governmental frameworks (e.g. environmental laws) Rationalisation of decision processes and opinions (inconsistent stat ...
On Flying to Ethics Conferences: Climate Change and
... like malaria, dengue fever, schistosomiasis, cholera, and salmonella (McMichael et al. 2006, 862–63). Outbreaks of cholera in Bangladesh have been correlated with changes in sea surface temperatures and the ENSO. Fourth, all these effects may lead to social disruptions that impact population health. ...
... like malaria, dengue fever, schistosomiasis, cholera, and salmonella (McMichael et al. 2006, 862–63). Outbreaks of cholera in Bangladesh have been correlated with changes in sea surface temperatures and the ENSO. Fourth, all these effects may lead to social disruptions that impact population health. ...
Draft agreement on climate change
... i) The MarClim (Marine Biodiversity and Climate Change) project is concerned about global climate change and its possible effects on the marine environment. Britain and Ireland possess extensive data sets for some marine species which, if analysed and made widely accessible, would increase our under ...
... i) The MarClim (Marine Biodiversity and Climate Change) project is concerned about global climate change and its possible effects on the marine environment. Britain and Ireland possess extensive data sets for some marine species which, if analysed and made widely accessible, would increase our under ...
Lecture on climate model 1
... • We know the observed mean surface temperature is about +15oC. • Hence the presence of the atmosphere increases the surface temperature by 33oC. • This is due to the Earth greenhouse effect, the magnitude of which can be calculated as: ...
... • We know the observed mean surface temperature is about +15oC. • Hence the presence of the atmosphere increases the surface temperature by 33oC. • This is due to the Earth greenhouse effect, the magnitude of which can be calculated as: ...
Role of CDM in the UK - Capacity Development for the CDM
... GG-CAP carbon asset management tool • GG-CAP is the world's first large-scale privately run "buyers pool" designed for companies to purchase compliance-ready reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. • Targeted for launch later this year, it will begin purchasing 10 - 20 million tonnes of CERs a ...
... GG-CAP carbon asset management tool • GG-CAP is the world's first large-scale privately run "buyers pool" designed for companies to purchase compliance-ready reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. • Targeted for launch later this year, it will begin purchasing 10 - 20 million tonnes of CERs a ...
PDF
... include the use of regional scale, process-based models that can be used to better explore the interactions between climate and local topography (e.g., Salathe et al. 2010), as well as, efforts aimed at understanding future climatic extremes such as heat waves or flood-inducing precipitation events ...
... include the use of regional scale, process-based models that can be used to better explore the interactions between climate and local topography (e.g., Salathe et al. 2010), as well as, efforts aimed at understanding future climatic extremes such as heat waves or flood-inducing precipitation events ...
this PDF file
... showing that there a seeming disharmony among them results in the climate change is a natural change in the components of the earth’s climatic system caused by an alteration in the interaction of such system. The alteration in the climatic system shows itself immediately in the weather and the bodie ...
... showing that there a seeming disharmony among them results in the climate change is a natural change in the components of the earth’s climatic system caused by an alteration in the interaction of such system. The alteration in the climatic system shows itself immediately in the weather and the bodie ...
africa - PAGES - Past Global Changes
... and longer timescales of climate behaviour in order to be better prepared for future climate change (Olago and Odada 2004). There is strong circumstantial link between climate change and human migration/evolution over long timescales that needs to be better constrained and explained Climate change/h ...
... and longer timescales of climate behaviour in order to be better prepared for future climate change (Olago and Odada 2004). There is strong circumstantial link between climate change and human migration/evolution over long timescales that needs to be better constrained and explained Climate change/h ...
PDF
... warming is projected to result in initial increases in crop yields in the temperate regions, when temperature increases exceed 3°C, yields will decline. Most disturbingly, any increase in temperature is projected to cause yield decline in the tropics, even for maize and rice, whose centres of origin ...
... warming is projected to result in initial increases in crop yields in the temperate regions, when temperature increases exceed 3°C, yields will decline. Most disturbingly, any increase in temperature is projected to cause yield decline in the tropics, even for maize and rice, whose centres of origin ...
Vanishing and Emerging Ecosystems of Coastal Virginia: Climate
... The life cycles of all animals and plants are closely tied to temperature, so changing regional climate can compound other stresses to produce widespread and potentially irreversible effects on coastal ecosystems, and on the benefits they provide to human society, as summarized below. Range Shifts a ...
... The life cycles of all animals and plants are closely tied to temperature, so changing regional climate can compound other stresses to produce widespread and potentially irreversible effects on coastal ecosystems, and on the benefits they provide to human society, as summarized below. Range Shifts a ...
Humans damaged Madagascar`s forests 1,000 years ago : NBS
... around 1,000 years ago,” Godfrey says. “We know that a dramatic landscape transformation occurred in the northwest. We know that this transformation was not triggered by climate change. But we don’t yet know whether similar shifts, also unrelated to natural aridification, occurred elsewhere on the i ...
... around 1,000 years ago,” Godfrey says. “We know that a dramatic landscape transformation occurred in the northwest. We know that this transformation was not triggered by climate change. But we don’t yet know whether similar shifts, also unrelated to natural aridification, occurred elsewhere on the i ...
Oklahoma`s Climate and its Effect on Water
... Tornadoes are a particular hazard in Oklahoma. Since 1950, an average of 54 tornadoes have been observed annually within the state’s borders. Tornadoes can ...
... Tornadoes are a particular hazard in Oklahoma. Since 1950, an average of 54 tornadoes have been observed annually within the state’s borders. Tornadoes can ...
Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems
... The life cycles of all animals and plants are closely tied to temperature, so changing regional climate can compound other stresses to produce widespread and potentially irreversible effects on coastal ecosystems, and on the benefits they provide to human society, as summarized below. Range Shifts a ...
... The life cycles of all animals and plants are closely tied to temperature, so changing regional climate can compound other stresses to produce widespread and potentially irreversible effects on coastal ecosystems, and on the benefits they provide to human society, as summarized below. Range Shifts a ...
Introducing the climate change effects on Mediterranean forest ecosystems: observation, experimentation, simulation,
... dieback. It is also true that in many cases, although pests may not initiate dieback, they can be the main cause of death. Drought weakens the tree, pathogen load increases, and pathogens kill the tree, even though drought is ultimately responsible. As each species responds specifically to climate c ...
... dieback. It is also true that in many cases, although pests may not initiate dieback, they can be the main cause of death. Drought weakens the tree, pathogen load increases, and pathogens kill the tree, even though drought is ultimately responsible. As each species responds specifically to climate c ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Insurance against Catastrophes
... population growth occurred within 3 km of the coastline, predominantly in the Northern NSW and Southern Queensland region. Thus there are an increasing number of communities exposed to extreme events such as tropical cyclones, storm surges and flooding of coastal rivers (CSIRO, 2002). The IPCC has c ...
... population growth occurred within 3 km of the coastline, predominantly in the Northern NSW and Southern Queensland region. Thus there are an increasing number of communities exposed to extreme events such as tropical cyclones, storm surges and flooding of coastal rivers (CSIRO, 2002). The IPCC has c ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.