POSITION Choosing between stagnation and change – Why the EU Summary
... economic and financial crisis. In the non-ETS sector, the EU has regulated the nontransferrability of allowances from the first to the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol and has therefore defused the “hot air” issue for these sectors. In the emissions trading sector, “banking” – meani ...
... economic and financial crisis. In the non-ETS sector, the EU has regulated the nontransferrability of allowances from the first to the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol and has therefore defused the “hot air” issue for these sectors. In the emissions trading sector, “banking” – meani ...
1. a) Climate Variability-Bd-Frog Extinctions b) Hydric restriction, Te
... • There would many fewer non-causal explanations for this correlation than the multidecadal relationship between declines and temperature ...
... • There would many fewer non-causal explanations for this correlation than the multidecadal relationship between declines and temperature ...
Activity 2.2: Historical Climate Cycles
... falls rapidly from the stratosphere. Most of it is removed within several days to weeks and has little impact on climate. But volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide can cause global cooling, while volcanic carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, has the potential to promote global warming. The most significan ...
... falls rapidly from the stratosphere. Most of it is removed within several days to weeks and has little impact on climate. But volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide can cause global cooling, while volcanic carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, has the potential to promote global warming. The most significan ...
PDF Full Publication in PDF Format
... autonomous energy efficiency improvements, and decarbonization of energy use (autonomous carbon efficiency improvements), as well as by emissions of carbon dioxide from land use change, methane emissions, and nitrous oxide emissions. The scenarios of economic and population growth are perturbed by t ...
... autonomous energy efficiency improvements, and decarbonization of energy use (autonomous carbon efficiency improvements), as well as by emissions of carbon dioxide from land use change, methane emissions, and nitrous oxide emissions. The scenarios of economic and population growth are perturbed by t ...
Chicago Field Museum Climate Exhibit
... Then the second paragraph says that human societies are facing the consequences of climate change. But we always have to the face the consequences of climate change. What other choice is there? It says that plants and animals are threatened by climate ...
... Then the second paragraph says that human societies are facing the consequences of climate change. But we always have to the face the consequences of climate change. What other choice is there? It says that plants and animals are threatened by climate ...
Impacts of climate variability and change on fishery
... sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) can be helpful in translating the likely impacts of climate change on fishery production systems into potential impacts on the economic and social viability of fishery-dependent households and communities. The SLA, developed in the 1980s from a combination of far ...
... sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) can be helpful in translating the likely impacts of climate change on fishery production systems into potential impacts on the economic and social viability of fishery-dependent households and communities. The SLA, developed in the 1980s from a combination of far ...
FROM THE HARPOON TO THE HEATEAT
... In recent years, the International Whaling Commission has recognized that environmental change (climate change; chemical pollution, physical and biological habitat degradation; effects of fisheries; ozone depletion and UV-B radiation; Arctic issues; disease and mortality events; and the impact of no ...
... In recent years, the International Whaling Commission has recognized that environmental change (climate change; chemical pollution, physical and biological habitat degradation; effects of fisheries; ozone depletion and UV-B radiation; Arctic issues; disease and mortality events; and the impact of no ...
Full-Text PDF
... (PVM) of Oyama and Nobre [10], one for present day and one for future climate. These experiments are described in detail in CV08, therefore only a brief description is included here. A horizontal resolution of 60 km is used, with 24 vertical σ-levels and the time step of 1 minute. The regional model ...
... (PVM) of Oyama and Nobre [10], one for present day and one for future climate. These experiments are described in detail in CV08, therefore only a brief description is included here. A horizontal resolution of 60 km is used, with 24 vertical σ-levels and the time step of 1 minute. The regional model ...
Cooperative Federalism and Climate Change
... Representatives Dingell and Boucher present preemption as a political necessity for members of Congress who want to pass climate change legislation. They have argued that “one of the main reasons industry would contribute to the consensus in support of a national program is to avoid a patchwork of S ...
... Representatives Dingell and Boucher present preemption as a political necessity for members of Congress who want to pass climate change legislation. They have argued that “one of the main reasons industry would contribute to the consensus in support of a national program is to avoid a patchwork of S ...
Land consolidation and its effect on climate
... climate conditions we are already experiencing weather and climate variations and extreme events that we need to prepare for. The situation is the same all around the world. Combating climate change is a top priority for the European Union (EU). Europe is working hard to cut its greenhouse gas emiss ...
... climate conditions we are already experiencing weather and climate variations and extreme events that we need to prepare for. The situation is the same all around the world. Combating climate change is a top priority for the European Union (EU). Europe is working hard to cut its greenhouse gas emiss ...
2015 End-user workshop report (1.4 MB, pdf)
... The WaterRain-Him project aims to assess the impact of climate change, land use and population dynamics on water fluxes in the Indian-Himalayan basins. Based on modelling exercises and in-depth end-user dialogs, robust and holistic adaptation strategies are being developed to drive planning for eff ...
... The WaterRain-Him project aims to assess the impact of climate change, land use and population dynamics on water fluxes in the Indian-Himalayan basins. Based on modelling exercises and in-depth end-user dialogs, robust and holistic adaptation strategies are being developed to drive planning for eff ...
1 - EconStor
... Summarising the literature, some studies employ international data but most use data from a single country. 7 Particularly in cross-country studies data are frequently aggregated over large, climatically diverse regions. Most studies include temperature and precipitation but far fewer include other ...
... Summarising the literature, some studies employ international data but most use data from a single country. 7 Particularly in cross-country studies data are frequently aggregated over large, climatically diverse regions. Most studies include temperature and precipitation but far fewer include other ...
ESM_Drange
... Reduced ocean uptake of CO2 is mainly caused by increased temperature in the ocean surface waters Reduced CO2 solubility Enhanced stratification and reduced vertical mixing Partly also reduced biological production ...
... Reduced ocean uptake of CO2 is mainly caused by increased temperature in the ocean surface waters Reduced CO2 solubility Enhanced stratification and reduced vertical mixing Partly also reduced biological production ...
Integrating Climate Change into Invasive Species Risk Assessment
... The gypsy moth is a defoliator from Eurasia first reported in Canada in the 1930s, but it did not become firmly established until the 1960s. Today, the gypsy moth is established in southern Ontario, southern Quebec, southwestern New Brunswick, and southwestern Nova Scotia. There are over 300 known h ...
... The gypsy moth is a defoliator from Eurasia first reported in Canada in the 1930s, but it did not become firmly established until the 1960s. Today, the gypsy moth is established in southern Ontario, southern Quebec, southwestern New Brunswick, and southwestern Nova Scotia. There are over 300 known h ...
Today
... This report will provide a comprehensive survey of the state of knowledge about climate change impacts in the United States, and will highlight for the American public just how far we have come in our understanding of climate change. We are proud of this achievement. More work is needed, however, to ...
... This report will provide a comprehensive survey of the state of knowledge about climate change impacts in the United States, and will highlight for the American public just how far we have come in our understanding of climate change. We are proud of this achievement. More work is needed, however, to ...
Greenhouse gas From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
... sometimes erroneously claimed that the atmospheric lifetime of CO2 is only a few years because that is the average time for any CO2 molecule to stay in the atmosphere before being removed by mixing into the ocean, uptake by photosynthesis, or other processes. This ignores the balancing fluxes of CO2 ...
... sometimes erroneously claimed that the atmospheric lifetime of CO2 is only a few years because that is the average time for any CO2 molecule to stay in the atmosphere before being removed by mixing into the ocean, uptake by photosynthesis, or other processes. This ignores the balancing fluxes of CO2 ...
From convergence to contention: United States mass media representations of
... may be a way of counteracting society’s currently excessive reliance on technical assessment and the displacement of explicit values-based arguments from public life. However, when this occurs without the benefit of a clear understanding of the importance of the substantial areas where scientists do ...
... may be a way of counteracting society’s currently excessive reliance on technical assessment and the displacement of explicit values-based arguments from public life. However, when this occurs without the benefit of a clear understanding of the importance of the substantial areas where scientists do ...
Global climate change: climates of the future, choices for the present
... 2000) and 40% of all exports (Irwin & Ranganathan, 2007). In particular, crop production and livestock husbandry account for about half of household income. Most of African agriculture is rainfed, and therefore is highly vulnerable to changes in climate variability, seasonal shifts, and precipit ...
... 2000) and 40% of all exports (Irwin & Ranganathan, 2007). In particular, crop production and livestock husbandry account for about half of household income. Most of African agriculture is rainfed, and therefore is highly vulnerable to changes in climate variability, seasonal shifts, and precipit ...
High Flows and Freshet Timing in Canada: Observed Trends CCRR
... Fishes have responded to earlier freshets and warmer temperatures by spawning earlier. Focusing on water temperature, Wedekind and Kung (2010) found that by 2009 the spawning season for grayling (Thymallus thymallus) was 3–4 weeks earlier than in the early 1960s. The shift in the timing of spawning ...
... Fishes have responded to earlier freshets and warmer temperatures by spawning earlier. Focusing on water temperature, Wedekind and Kung (2010) found that by 2009 the spawning season for grayling (Thymallus thymallus) was 3–4 weeks earlier than in the early 1960s. The shift in the timing of spawning ...
adaptation
... climate change • Some adaptation is occurring now, to observed projected climate change, but on a very limited basis. • A wide array of adaptation options are available, but more extensive adaptation than is currently occurring is required to reduce vulnerability to future climate change. There are ...
... climate change • Some adaptation is occurring now, to observed projected climate change, but on a very limited basis. • A wide array of adaptation options are available, but more extensive adaptation than is currently occurring is required to reduce vulnerability to future climate change. There are ...
PDF
... integrating climate change effects ([9,10]) have stated that climate change may be a relatively less important driver compared to global rise in agricultural goods, trade liberalization, technological progress and environmental regulation. This diagnosis rely on relatively simple diagnosis of climat ...
... integrating climate change effects ([9,10]) have stated that climate change may be a relatively less important driver compared to global rise in agricultural goods, trade liberalization, technological progress and environmental regulation. This diagnosis rely on relatively simple diagnosis of climat ...
UNDP`s - Global Environment Facility
... Project Development (CDM, JI) moves much slower than you might expect as many projects face unexpected problems and delays; The actual number of emission reductions achieved by projects can often by much less than originally estimated - strong due diligence is critical; New types of staff with ...
... Project Development (CDM, JI) moves much slower than you might expect as many projects face unexpected problems and delays; The actual number of emission reductions achieved by projects can often by much less than originally estimated - strong due diligence is critical; New types of staff with ...
GENERAL Climate Change Handbook for NE South Africa (Gauteng
... Certain gases in the troposphere and stratosphere absorb most of the outgoing infrared radiation, however before it can escape to space, thereby warming the atmosphere before the heat is once again re-emitted. These are referred to as greenhouse gases (GHG). Without the presence of these gases in th ...
... Certain gases in the troposphere and stratosphere absorb most of the outgoing infrared radiation, however before it can escape to space, thereby warming the atmosphere before the heat is once again re-emitted. These are referred to as greenhouse gases (GHG). Without the presence of these gases in th ...
Chapter 14 Tourism, leisure and sport
... pursuits such as hill walking can be dangerous in certain conditions, and the frequency of occasions when an activity becomes dangerous may well change over time. The recent case of the North East run where several fit people were adversely affected by the prevailing warm conditions highlights the i ...
... pursuits such as hill walking can be dangerous in certain conditions, and the frequency of occasions when an activity becomes dangerous may well change over time. The recent case of the North East run where several fit people were adversely affected by the prevailing warm conditions highlights the i ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.