Climate Finance for the Middle East and North Africa - Heinrich
... The Government of Morocco has expressed an ambitious intent to promote renewable energy technology and diversify its energy mix. In this context, it has established a number of programmes to develop wind and solar energy technology, both of which are receiving substantial finance from the World Bank ...
... The Government of Morocco has expressed an ambitious intent to promote renewable energy technology and diversify its energy mix. In this context, it has established a number of programmes to develop wind and solar energy technology, both of which are receiving substantial finance from the World Bank ...
Climate Finance Briefing: Small Island Developing States
... Tuvalu lies below five metres, rendering these nations critically vulnerable to flooding and sea level rise (UN-OHRLLS, 2013). Most SIDS are middle-income countries, but their economies are often small and gross national income varies widely. Nine ...
... Tuvalu lies below five metres, rendering these nations critically vulnerable to flooding and sea level rise (UN-OHRLLS, 2013). Most SIDS are middle-income countries, but their economies are often small and gross national income varies widely. Nine ...
The Household Production Function Approach to Valuing Climate
... In fact the household production function approach has already been used to estimate the value of climate. Maddison (2001b) invokes procedures identical to those used to incorporate demographic variables into systems of demand equations. 10 Using per capita expenditure data provided by the 1980 Int ...
... In fact the household production function approach has already been used to estimate the value of climate. Maddison (2001b) invokes procedures identical to those used to incorporate demographic variables into systems of demand equations. 10 Using per capita expenditure data provided by the 1980 Int ...
Jack, Jill, and Jane in a Perfect Moral Storm
... normally wrong to take “advantage of a position of superior power for the sake of personal gain.” When individuals do this, it is usually regarded as just getting ahead in life. For example, Jack has superior physical power so he becomes a fitness instructor; Jill has superior mathematical power so ...
... normally wrong to take “advantage of a position of superior power for the sake of personal gain.” When individuals do this, it is usually regarded as just getting ahead in life. For example, Jack has superior physical power so he becomes a fitness instructor; Jill has superior mathematical power so ...
The Paris Agreement is a sham: Nicaragua`s perspective
... change; and sustainable management of land40. Nicaragua also has Decrees on the Creation of the National Office of Clean Development, National Cleaner Production Policy, Regulations on the Exploration and Exploitation of Geothermal Resources Law, Regulations on Hydrocarbons Supplies, Regulations on ...
... change; and sustainable management of land40. Nicaragua also has Decrees on the Creation of the National Office of Clean Development, National Cleaner Production Policy, Regulations on the Exploration and Exploitation of Geothermal Resources Law, Regulations on Hydrocarbons Supplies, Regulations on ...
Risks, opportunities, and adaptation to climate change
... systems (IPCC 1996b, 1997, Scheraga 1998). While it is impossible to attribute any single climatic event to human-induced climate change, as opposed to natural climatic variation (e.g. the Kansas drought from 1952 to 1957; the 1993 Missouri and Mississippi River floods; the 1995 Chicago heat wave an ...
... systems (IPCC 1996b, 1997, Scheraga 1998). While it is impossible to attribute any single climatic event to human-induced climate change, as opposed to natural climatic variation (e.g. the Kansas drought from 1952 to 1957; the 1993 Missouri and Mississippi River floods; the 1995 Chicago heat wave an ...
Climate Change and Landscape Preservation
... The question of spatial limits is also difficult to resolve. Where does a landscape start, and where does it stop? We tend to think of this in terms of land ownership, but what about the “borrowed landscape?” Is the landscape as far as we can see? If we disregard political boundaries, is the landsca ...
... The question of spatial limits is also difficult to resolve. Where does a landscape start, and where does it stop? We tend to think of this in terms of land ownership, but what about the “borrowed landscape?” Is the landscape as far as we can see? If we disregard political boundaries, is the landsca ...
Maldives Climate Change Policy Framework
... against climate change. Any failure to reach an agreement to radically cut emissions would jeopardize our development and survivability. Recognizing this, the international community is actively engaged in minimizing the current effects and likely future adverse impacts through effective implementat ...
... against climate change. Any failure to reach an agreement to radically cut emissions would jeopardize our development and survivability. Recognizing this, the international community is actively engaged in minimizing the current effects and likely future adverse impacts through effective implementat ...
Report
... B. Increased Intensity of Severe Weather Events Severe storm events will likely be one of the most economically detrimental results of climate change in coastal states because these states contain approximately 83% of the nation’s economic output (NRDC, 2008; NOEP, 2009). Climate change results in t ...
... B. Increased Intensity of Severe Weather Events Severe storm events will likely be one of the most economically detrimental results of climate change in coastal states because these states contain approximately 83% of the nation’s economic output (NRDC, 2008; NOEP, 2009). Climate change results in t ...
Assessing the impact of late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions on
... In this study we examined the climate impacts of the megafaunal (i.e., mammoth) extinction, which is represented as an increase in high-latitude tree cover, following the hypothesis formulated in DWF2010. In order to simulate an additional increase in tree cover not caused by existing processes in t ...
... In this study we examined the climate impacts of the megafaunal (i.e., mammoth) extinction, which is represented as an increase in high-latitude tree cover, following the hypothesis formulated in DWF2010. In order to simulate an additional increase in tree cover not caused by existing processes in t ...
... In the Caribbean, Jamaica has the fifth most tourism dependent economy (Clayton, 2004). As with many other Caribbean countries, fallout in the traditional sectors has resulted in a situation in which tourism has been increasingly seen as the engine of growth for the country (Boxill et al 2004). Tour ...
Appealed to ITU and its Administrations to ensure the absolute
... and the associated disasters are the following: WRCs allocate the necessary spectrum, paying special emphasis to the services involved in mitigating the local effects of climate change and the associated natural disasters. Conferences also consider regulatory provisions, which should facilitate th ...
... and the associated disasters are the following: WRCs allocate the necessary spectrum, paying special emphasis to the services involved in mitigating the local effects of climate change and the associated natural disasters. Conferences also consider regulatory provisions, which should facilitate th ...
Economics, ethics and climate change
... The lists of dimensions of human well-being that most consequentialist approaches would incorporate have strong similarities: above all consumption, education, health and environment. These are usually the areas of focus in cross-country comparisons of living standards, such as, for example, the Wor ...
... The lists of dimensions of human well-being that most consequentialist approaches would incorporate have strong similarities: above all consumption, education, health and environment. These are usually the areas of focus in cross-country comparisons of living standards, such as, for example, the Wor ...
Aiding Decision-Making to Reduce the Impacts of Climate Change
... the hurricane (Meyer et al. 2013). When individuals take steps to mitigate GHG emissions by investing in energy efficient products and/or new technologies, they are having a positive impact on the global community. Residents who undertake adaptive measures to reduce losses from future flood-related ...
... the hurricane (Meyer et al. 2013). When individuals take steps to mitigate GHG emissions by investing in energy efficient products and/or new technologies, they are having a positive impact on the global community. Residents who undertake adaptive measures to reduce losses from future flood-related ...
AgriculturAl reseArch in 21st century: chAllenges fAcing the food
... B. Assenov, S. Tsonev, D. Vulcheva, D. Vulchev, L. Atanasova, S. Savova and A. Atanassov ...
... B. Assenov, S. Tsonev, D. Vulcheva, D. Vulchev, L. Atanasova, S. Savova and A. Atanassov ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
... about by human actions (Glaken, 1963). Studies of the streams of the French and Austrian Alps, undertaken in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, significantly deepened the realization of the human capacity to change the environment. Fabre and Surell studied the flooding, siltation, erosion, and ...
... about by human actions (Glaken, 1963). Studies of the streams of the French and Austrian Alps, undertaken in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, significantly deepened the realization of the human capacity to change the environment. Fabre and Surell studied the flooding, siltation, erosion, and ...
An Assessment of Sustainable Maize Production for Smallholder
... A sensitivity analysis to present and plausible future climate conditions formed part of this study. To determine what would be ‘plausible’ in future, output from South Africa was analysed from the Conformal-Cubic Atmospheric Model (C-CAM), a regional climate model developed by the CSIRO in Australi ...
... A sensitivity analysis to present and plausible future climate conditions formed part of this study. To determine what would be ‘plausible’ in future, output from South Africa was analysed from the Conformal-Cubic Atmospheric Model (C-CAM), a regional climate model developed by the CSIRO in Australi ...
Sea Level Rise: Risk and Resilience in Coastal Cities
... as opposed to thermal expansion of seawater. A compounding problem with ice melt is that it can accelerate through positive feedback. Snow-covered ice has a high reflectivity or albedo, which means that radiation is reflected back from it and not as much is absorbed as heat. Water, however, has a ve ...
... as opposed to thermal expansion of seawater. A compounding problem with ice melt is that it can accelerate through positive feedback. Snow-covered ice has a high reflectivity or albedo, which means that radiation is reflected back from it and not as much is absorbed as heat. Water, however, has a ve ...
Economics ethics climate change (opens in new window)
... The lists of dimensions of human well-being that most consequentialist approaches would incorporate have strong similarities: above all consumption, education, health and environment. These are usually the areas of focus in cross-country comparisons of living standards, such as, for example, the Wor ...
... The lists of dimensions of human well-being that most consequentialist approaches would incorporate have strong similarities: above all consumption, education, health and environment. These are usually the areas of focus in cross-country comparisons of living standards, such as, for example, the Wor ...
What do we really know about the Sun
... greenhouse gases. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP). This Panel in 1990 published a report about the scientific basis for the assessment of the found climatic ...
... greenhouse gases. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP). This Panel in 1990 published a report about the scientific basis for the assessment of the found climatic ...
Leveraged Funds: Section two (opens in new window)
... reveal its commitment to low carbon policies and regulations. In other cases, barriers to the effective functioning of financial markets are institutional. Without political stability, regulatory certainty and administrative simplicity, the perceived level of risk can undermine the incentives to inv ...
... reveal its commitment to low carbon policies and regulations. In other cases, barriers to the effective functioning of financial markets are institutional. Without political stability, regulatory certainty and administrative simplicity, the perceived level of risk can undermine the incentives to inv ...
document Robock Presentation
... Affect stargazing Affect satellite remote sensing More sunburn Moral hazard – the prospect of it working would Alan Robock reduce drive for mitigation Environmental 27. Moral authority – doDepartment we have of the right to doSciences this? ...
... Affect stargazing Affect satellite remote sensing More sunburn Moral hazard – the prospect of it working would Alan Robock reduce drive for mitigation Environmental 27. Moral authority – doDepartment we have of the right to doSciences this? ...
This Time is Different (opens in new window)
... architecture’ be most ‘effective’ (in regard to mitigation)?6 This issue will be front and centre in Paris. Specifically, participants will need to consider: the appropriate legal form of a new climate agreement (a formal legal agreement, or a mere political agreement) and the ‘bindingness’ of the p ...
... architecture’ be most ‘effective’ (in regard to mitigation)?6 This issue will be front and centre in Paris. Specifically, participants will need to consider: the appropriate legal form of a new climate agreement (a formal legal agreement, or a mere political agreement) and the ‘bindingness’ of the p ...
u.s.climate.US position paper
... Second, whether a State is a party to the Kyoto Protocol does not equate, as the petitioners argue, to a reduction in alleged harmful emissions. In some cases, States that have ratified Kyoto show tremendous trends of increased emissions, while some non-Party States demonstrate a more positive emiss ...
... Second, whether a State is a party to the Kyoto Protocol does not equate, as the petitioners argue, to a reduction in alleged harmful emissions. In some cases, States that have ratified Kyoto show tremendous trends of increased emissions, while some non-Party States demonstrate a more positive emiss ...
PDF
... sector (Banse, Grethe and Nolte, 2005). The version of the model used for this study has the base period 2005 and includes 27 EU Members, Turkey and the US. All other countries are aggregated in one region, the so-called rest of the world (ROW). ESIM covers 15 major crops, 6 animal products, 14 proc ...
... sector (Banse, Grethe and Nolte, 2005). The version of the model used for this study has the base period 2005 and includes 27 EU Members, Turkey and the US. All other countries are aggregated in one region, the so-called rest of the world (ROW). ESIM covers 15 major crops, 6 animal products, 14 proc ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.