Climate Change, Multiple Stressors, and the Decline of Ectotherms Contributed Paper
... Individuals were uniquely toe clipped so they could be identified throughout the experiment. We recorded the mass and length of all metamorphs just before they were placed in the terraria. Metamorphs are typically 2–3 cm in snout-vent length (Rohr et al. 2004). The terraria were evenly distributed a ...
... Individuals were uniquely toe clipped so they could be identified throughout the experiment. We recorded the mass and length of all metamorphs just before they were placed in the terraria. Metamorphs are typically 2–3 cm in snout-vent length (Rohr et al. 2004). The terraria were evenly distributed a ...
The Role of Local Institutions in Adaptation to Climate Change
... capacities, institutional coordination for better articulation (connections among institutions) and improved access (connections of institutions with social groups), and inflows of finances support for local leadership will be critical to strengthen local institutional capacities. Understand local i ...
... capacities, institutional coordination for better articulation (connections among institutions) and improved access (connections of institutions with social groups), and inflows of finances support for local leadership will be critical to strengthen local institutional capacities. Understand local i ...
I Agree - CLEo - Whitman College
... politics, and decisions we make in our daily lives. Unlike other problems, if left unchecked, global climate change could bring the extinction of the human species. There are no “safe zones” when it comes to widespread ecosystem change; every place is affected, hence the term “global.” Climate chang ...
... politics, and decisions we make in our daily lives. Unlike other problems, if left unchecked, global climate change could bring the extinction of the human species. There are no “safe zones” when it comes to widespread ecosystem change; every place is affected, hence the term “global.” Climate chang ...
OZONE AND CARBON DIOXIDE
... they did not directly accept the blame or even challenge the claims of ozone destruction by their product. Instead, they saw an opportunity to look good by producing a supposedly less harmful product and make more money. 4. One of the scientists produced data funded by government that purported to s ...
... they did not directly accept the blame or even challenge the claims of ozone destruction by their product. Instead, they saw an opportunity to look good by producing a supposedly less harmful product and make more money. 4. One of the scientists produced data funded by government that purported to s ...
The Response of Precipitation Minus
... warming climate, following the Clausius–Clapeyron relation at roughly constant relative humidity [a similar mechanism was termed the direct moisture effect by Chou and Neelin (2004)]. The dynamical contribution to precipitation changes is also important locally (Xie et al. 2010; Huang et al. 2013; C ...
... warming climate, following the Clausius–Clapeyron relation at roughly constant relative humidity [a similar mechanism was termed the direct moisture effect by Chou and Neelin (2004)]. The dynamical contribution to precipitation changes is also important locally (Xie et al. 2010; Huang et al. 2013; C ...
Toronto`s Future Weather and Climate Driver Study
... Figure 54. For reasons beyond the scope of this discussion, greenhouse gases released into the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) cause the stratosphere (layer immediately above the troposphere) to cool. If carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continue to increase, the stratospher ...
... Figure 54. For reasons beyond the scope of this discussion, greenhouse gases released into the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) cause the stratosphere (layer immediately above the troposphere) to cool. If carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continue to increase, the stratospher ...
On Climate Change A Human Health Perspective A Report Outlining the
... on exposure pathways for chemicals and toxins requires further study. Science should investigate the effects of mitigation and adaptation measures on cancer incidence so that the best strategies can be developed and implemented; for example, research to inform understanding of the benefits of altern ...
... on exposure pathways for chemicals and toxins requires further study. Science should investigate the effects of mitigation and adaptation measures on cancer incidence so that the best strategies can be developed and implemented; for example, research to inform understanding of the benefits of altern ...
American Climate Prospectus - Goldman School of Public Policy
... tropical forests in the Amazon and northern boreal forests (which results in additional CO2 emissions) may also exhibit critical thresholds, but there is significant uncertainty about where thresholds may be and of the likelihood their occurrence. Such high-risk tipping points are considered unlikel ...
... tropical forests in the Amazon and northern boreal forests (which results in additional CO2 emissions) may also exhibit critical thresholds, but there is significant uncertainty about where thresholds may be and of the likelihood their occurrence. Such high-risk tipping points are considered unlikel ...
Circulation patterns related to debris-flow triggering
... Alps (Nikolopoulos et al., 2015), in Switzerland (Courvoisier, 1981), and in the Valais region (Attinger and Fallot, 2003), with one study even focusing specifically on large-scale meteorological situations during observed debris-flow events in the Zermatt valley (Toreti et al., 2013). Situations with ...
... Alps (Nikolopoulos et al., 2015), in Switzerland (Courvoisier, 1981), and in the Valais region (Attinger and Fallot, 2003), with one study even focusing specifically on large-scale meteorological situations during observed debris-flow events in the Zermatt valley (Toreti et al., 2013). Situations with ...
Climate change and
... Climate change impacts on fisheries will occur in the context of, and interact with existing drivers, trends and status of fisheries. Following rapid increases in production since the 1950s, the yield of global fish has stagnated and may be declining. Many stocks have been, or are at risk of being, ...
... Climate change impacts on fisheries will occur in the context of, and interact with existing drivers, trends and status of fisheries. Following rapid increases in production since the 1950s, the yield of global fish has stagnated and may be declining. Many stocks have been, or are at risk of being, ...
text_2ed_rev - Department of the Geophysical Sciences
... answer this question by comparing the history of Earth's temperature with the history of the different reasons why temperature might have changed, what are called climate forcings. The sun is more intense at some times than others. Volcanoes occasionally blow dust or haze into the stratosphere where ...
... answer this question by comparing the history of Earth's temperature with the history of the different reasons why temperature might have changed, what are called climate forcings. The sun is more intense at some times than others. Volcanoes occasionally blow dust or haze into the stratosphere where ...
Confronting Climate Change in the US Northeast
... how global warming may further affect the Northeast’s climate. Using projections from three state-ofthe-art global climate models, the report compared the types and magnitude of climate changes that will result from two different scenarios of future heat-trapping emissions. The first (the higher-emi ...
... how global warming may further affect the Northeast’s climate. Using projections from three state-ofthe-art global climate models, the report compared the types and magnitude of climate changes that will result from two different scenarios of future heat-trapping emissions. The first (the higher-emi ...
Climate Change: Costs and Benefits of S. 2191
... Finally, S. 2191’s climate-related benefit is best considered in a global context and the desire to engage the developing world in the reduction effort. The United States and other developed countries agreed both to reduce their own emissions to help stabilize atmospheric concentrations of greenhous ...
... Finally, S. 2191’s climate-related benefit is best considered in a global context and the desire to engage the developing world in the reduction effort. The United States and other developed countries agreed both to reduce their own emissions to help stabilize atmospheric concentrations of greenhous ...
DRAFT P W
... under the hydrologic conditions pertaining to the year 2002. They admit that the results could be very different if the failure occurred in a different month of the year or under different hydrologic conditions. Thus, it is of interest in this regard to predict the impact of levee failure under diff ...
... under the hydrologic conditions pertaining to the year 2002. They admit that the results could be very different if the failure occurred in a different month of the year or under different hydrologic conditions. Thus, it is of interest in this regard to predict the impact of levee failure under diff ...
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change in
... Table 5.3: Identified adaptation options to reduce water vulnerabilities to climate stress ............................. 90 Table 5.4: Indicators used for evaluating adaptation options in the case study ................................................ 91 Table 5.5: AHP comparison table: water system ...
... Table 5.3: Identified adaptation options to reduce water vulnerabilities to climate stress ............................. 90 Table 5.4: Indicators used for evaluating adaptation options in the case study ................................................ 91 Table 5.5: AHP comparison table: water system ...
- Deltas in Times of Climate Change
... adaption requires collaboration between, with and within national, regional and local authorities. That in itself is quite a task. In Rotterdam, we have already developed a significant number of programmes and initiatives. What is important now, is to establish a meaningful connection between all of ...
... adaption requires collaboration between, with and within national, regional and local authorities. That in itself is quite a task. In Rotterdam, we have already developed a significant number of programmes and initiatives. What is important now, is to establish a meaningful connection between all of ...
Israel`s Second National Communication on Climate
... Foreword by the Minister of Environmental Protection On behalf of the Government of Israel, it is an honor and a privilege to present Israel’s Second National Communication to the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Much has happened in Israel sin ...
... Foreword by the Minister of Environmental Protection On behalf of the Government of Israel, it is an honor and a privilege to present Israel’s Second National Communication to the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Much has happened in Israel sin ...
Foreword - Cap-Net
... change will manifest itself and what the effects will be. Yet despite this uncertainty there is pressure to act now and to allocate resources for climate change adaptation. These training materials are intended to increase our understanding about climate change and to explore what we can do now. The ...
... change will manifest itself and what the effects will be. Yet despite this uncertainty there is pressure to act now and to allocate resources for climate change adaptation. These training materials are intended to increase our understanding about climate change and to explore what we can do now. The ...
CRISIS IN THE SAHEL - The Bixby Center for Population, Health
... The following report documents how, over the next 30 to 40 years in parts of subSaharan Africa, between 100 million and 200 million people are likely to be without sustainable food supplies. This was the conclusion of a multidisciplinary group of experts from Africa and North America, who asked what ...
... The following report documents how, over the next 30 to 40 years in parts of subSaharan Africa, between 100 million and 200 million people are likely to be without sustainable food supplies. This was the conclusion of a multidisciplinary group of experts from Africa and North America, who asked what ...
Chapter 11 Hunting, Herding, Fishing and Gathering
... relationships. The Arctic regions are tightly tied politically, economically and socially to the national mainstream and are inextricably linked to the global economy (Caulfield 2000, Nuttall 1998). Rapid social, economic and demographic change, resource development, trade barriers and animal-rights ...
... relationships. The Arctic regions are tightly tied politically, economically and socially to the national mainstream and are inextricably linked to the global economy (Caulfield 2000, Nuttall 1998). Rapid social, economic and demographic change, resource development, trade barriers and animal-rights ...
ADAPTING FOREST MANAGEMENT TO CLIMATE CHANGE Rubén Javier Mur Torrentó
... Fig. 4.11: Evolution of the timber price over time depending on the two climate change scenarios considered by Tavoni et al. (2007). .......................................................................... 51 Fig. 4.12: Sum of discounted net benefits over time as a function of the discount rate. . ...
... Fig. 4.11: Evolution of the timber price over time depending on the two climate change scenarios considered by Tavoni et al. (2007). .......................................................................... 51 Fig. 4.12: Sum of discounted net benefits over time as a function of the discount rate. . ...
Climate Change in the European Alps
... Percentage of naturally snow-reliable ski areas in the European Alps under present and future climate conditions............................. 108 Number of naturally snow-reliable ski areas in the Swiss Alps under present and future climate conditions ..................................... 109 Number ...
... Percentage of naturally snow-reliable ski areas in the European Alps under present and future climate conditions............................. 108 Number of naturally snow-reliable ski areas in the Swiss Alps under present and future climate conditions ..................................... 109 Number ...
Accommodating Climate Change Science
... 1930s Dust Bowl, and the water level of the mighty Mississippi River sank to an all-time low. Across the United States it seemed that there were ominous warnings of accelerated global climate change. In June of the same year, members of the U.S. Senate’s Committee on Energy and Natural Resources gat ...
... 1930s Dust Bowl, and the water level of the mighty Mississippi River sank to an all-time low. Across the United States it seemed that there were ominous warnings of accelerated global climate change. In June of the same year, members of the U.S. Senate’s Committee on Energy and Natural Resources gat ...
THE NAIROBI WORK PROGRAMME
... measures to respond to climate change on a sound scientific, technical and socio-economic basis, taking into account current and future climate change and variability. ...
... measures to respond to climate change on a sound scientific, technical and socio-economic basis, taking into account current and future climate change and variability. ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.