LIFE and climate change adaptation
... development. The impacts of climate change are already widespread and are likely to increase. In Europe, key climate risks include increased economic losses and a growing number of people affected by flooding, heat waves, droughts or forest fires. Adaptation action can address many of these risks. F ...
... development. The impacts of climate change are already widespread and are likely to increase. In Europe, key climate risks include increased economic losses and a growing number of people affected by flooding, heat waves, droughts or forest fires. Adaptation action can address many of these risks. F ...
FIRST-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 4 Do Not Cite
... footprint of the current distribution. For high-warming scenarios this rises to a fifth to a half. It is inferred that this will increase the risk of premature extinction for these species substantially, but the duration of the period until actual extinction occurs is unknown. [Figure 4-9, 4.3.2.5] ...
... footprint of the current distribution. For high-warming scenarios this rises to a fifth to a half. It is inferred that this will increase the risk of premature extinction for these species substantially, but the duration of the period until actual extinction occurs is unknown. [Figure 4-9, 4.3.2.5] ...
Conceptualizing urban adaptation to climate change. Findings from
... cities, or more precisely the activities they contain, contribute considerably to global greenhouse gas emissions and therefore to climate change. For this reason, cities have become the focus of numerous initiatives for the reduction of emissions. Furthermore, urban areas will be particularly affec ...
... cities, or more precisely the activities they contain, contribute considerably to global greenhouse gas emissions and therefore to climate change. For this reason, cities have become the focus of numerous initiatives for the reduction of emissions. Furthermore, urban areas will be particularly affec ...
Climate Change and Coastal Human Settlements
... This study assesses the potential economic impact of climate change on coastal human settlements in the Caribbean, with specific reference to Guyana, and evaluates the costs and benefits of undertaking various adaptation strategies. The aim is to assist Caribbean territories in developing the strate ...
... This study assesses the potential economic impact of climate change on coastal human settlements in the Caribbean, with specific reference to Guyana, and evaluates the costs and benefits of undertaking various adaptation strategies. The aim is to assist Caribbean territories in developing the strate ...
City of Long Beach Climate Resiliency Assessment Report
... Numerous diagnostic and forecasting tools are currently being developed for Los Angeles County to better understand the current and future risks facing the LA area as the result of climate change. Many of these tools are quite robust, based on the latest scientific research, and use models that have ...
... Numerous diagnostic and forecasting tools are currently being developed for Los Angeles County to better understand the current and future risks facing the LA area as the result of climate change. Many of these tools are quite robust, based on the latest scientific research, and use models that have ...
Land transport`s contribution to a 2°C target
... greenhouse gas emissions of which 75% are derived from land transport. Driven by increased motorisation, urbanisation, economic and population growth land transport greenhouse gas emissions are set to double by 2050 if current trends persist (IPCC 2014). This increase will happen largely in the emer ...
... greenhouse gas emissions of which 75% are derived from land transport. Driven by increased motorisation, urbanisation, economic and population growth land transport greenhouse gas emissions are set to double by 2050 if current trends persist (IPCC 2014). This increase will happen largely in the emer ...
Chapter 5 THE KYOTO PROTOCOL
... implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account Article 4.3, 4.5 and 4.7; * * * 3. The process will be carried out in the light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, as well as relevant tech ...
... implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account Article 4.3, 4.5 and 4.7; * * * 3. The process will be carried out in the light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, as well as relevant tech ...
Weeds and Climate Change
... that is likely to be broadly applicable across much of Australia to assist all NRM Groups. Some issues are likely to affect most if not all regions and those are the ones this Guide focuses on. Further, developing strategy and management approaches that flow from an understanding of national and sta ...
... that is likely to be broadly applicable across much of Australia to assist all NRM Groups. Some issues are likely to affect most if not all regions and those are the ones this Guide focuses on. Further, developing strategy and management approaches that flow from an understanding of national and sta ...
Agreeing to disagree: Uncertainty management in assessing climate
... Groups, and do not exclude that other dimensions could also be considered. The division between the objective and the subjective views of probabilities is the oldest. Objective views of probabilities include the classical approach (probability is the proportion of favorable cases over total cases), ...
... Groups, and do not exclude that other dimensions could also be considered. The division between the objective and the subjective views of probabilities is the oldest. Objective views of probabilities include the classical approach (probability is the proportion of favorable cases over total cases), ...
Fact-Checking Polarized Politics: Does The Fact
... whether racism is a declining force in American society or is still influential (or growing) in power; and whether the national debt is growing to a dangerous degree or remaining at a manageable level that will not cause major economic harm. Perceptions of these contested facts are not only divided ...
... whether racism is a declining force in American society or is still influential (or growing) in power; and whether the national debt is growing to a dangerous degree or remaining at a manageable level that will not cause major economic harm. Perceptions of these contested facts are not only divided ...
PDF
... Turunen et al., 2002, v. Post et al., 1982). Nevertheless, whether peatlands function as such a potent climate-effective sink significantly depends on the management carried out on them. Under certain conditions they can also transmute into a potential source of climate-relevant trace gas emissions. ...
... Turunen et al., 2002, v. Post et al., 1982). Nevertheless, whether peatlands function as such a potent climate-effective sink significantly depends on the management carried out on them. Under certain conditions they can also transmute into a potential source of climate-relevant trace gas emissions. ...
Climate change vulnerability in South East Queensland: a spatial
... change because of its growing population and coastal location. Human settlements, infrastructure, unique ecosystems, and primary industries all face threats from more extreme weather events, increased temperatures and altered rainfall patterns as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions. Despi ...
... change because of its growing population and coastal location. Human settlements, infrastructure, unique ecosystems, and primary industries all face threats from more extreme weather events, increased temperatures and altered rainfall patterns as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions. Despi ...
a guide to the climate change convention process
... THE CONVENTION AND THE KYOTO PROTOCOL: AN OVERVIEW THE CONVENTION While the world’s climate has always varied naturally, the vast majority of scientists now believe that rising concentrations of “greenhouse gases” in the earth’s atmosphere, resulting from economic and demographic growth over the las ...
... THE CONVENTION AND THE KYOTO PROTOCOL: AN OVERVIEW THE CONVENTION While the world’s climate has always varied naturally, the vast majority of scientists now believe that rising concentrations of “greenhouse gases” in the earth’s atmosphere, resulting from economic and demographic growth over the las ...
Planning for Climate Change Effects on Coastal Margins
... this proportion is expected to rise rapidly (IPCC, 2001b). This social pressure for coastal development is largely oblivious to the reality of global warming due to the enhanced greenhouse effect from human activities, and to resulting long-term changes to coastal hazards that will impinge on coasta ...
... this proportion is expected to rise rapidly (IPCC, 2001b). This social pressure for coastal development is largely oblivious to the reality of global warming due to the enhanced greenhouse effect from human activities, and to resulting long-term changes to coastal hazards that will impinge on coasta ...
as pdf, 3.4 MB
... waters are warming, the sea level is rising ever faster, the oceans are becoming increasingly acidic and marine ecosystems are under threat. Human activities are unleashing processes of change in the oceans that are without precedent in the past several million years. Due to the considerable geophys ...
... waters are warming, the sea level is rising ever faster, the oceans are becoming increasingly acidic and marine ecosystems are under threat. Human activities are unleashing processes of change in the oceans that are without precedent in the past several million years. Due to the considerable geophys ...
Climate Change and India: A 4x4 Assessment
... INCCA is envisaged to encompass research that will develop understanding on the regional patterns of climate across India, how it is changing over time and likely to behave in the future. Consequently, INCCA will also focus on the impacts of the changing climate on regional eco-system hotspots, huma ...
... INCCA is envisaged to encompass research that will develop understanding on the regional patterns of climate across India, how it is changing over time and likely to behave in the future. Consequently, INCCA will also focus on the impacts of the changing climate on regional eco-system hotspots, huma ...
Zimbabwe`s National Climate Change Response Strategy
... and is also of the view that climate change has the potential to undermine many of the positive developments made in its meeting the country’s development goals. Both climate change and policies to minimize its effects have enormous socio-economic and environmental implications. The challenge for th ...
... and is also of the view that climate change has the potential to undermine many of the positive developments made in its meeting the country’s development goals. Both climate change and policies to minimize its effects have enormous socio-economic and environmental implications. The challenge for th ...
Non-Economic Loss and Damage Caused by Climatic
... districts. The study also aimed to understand perceptions on underlying causes, types and nature of non-economic loss and damages through qualitative research with local communities. A qualitative study was preferred for several reasons, the most prominent being that quantitative values are subjecti ...
... districts. The study also aimed to understand perceptions on underlying causes, types and nature of non-economic loss and damages through qualitative research with local communities. A qualitative study was preferred for several reasons, the most prominent being that quantitative values are subjecti ...
The Response of Precipitation Minus Evapotranspiration to Climate
... ple scaling does not imply that drylands should get drier with climate warming, even though this is sometimes assumed to be the case. The physical basis of the simple scaling is weaker over land than ocean (Held and Soden 2006), and recent studies have found that it fails to capture simulated change ...
... ple scaling does not imply that drylands should get drier with climate warming, even though this is sometimes assumed to be the case. The physical basis of the simple scaling is weaker over land than ocean (Held and Soden 2006), and recent studies have found that it fails to capture simulated change ...
Assessing and Enhancing Adaptive Capacity
... In practical terms, adaptive capacity is the ability to design and implement effective adaptation strategies, or to react to evolving hazards and stresses so as to reduce the likelihood of the occurrence and/or the magnitude of harmful outcomes resulting from climate-related hazards. The adaptation ...
... In practical terms, adaptive capacity is the ability to design and implement effective adaptation strategies, or to react to evolving hazards and stresses so as to reduce the likelihood of the occurrence and/or the magnitude of harmful outcomes resulting from climate-related hazards. The adaptation ...
2015 Pennsylvania Climate Impacts Assessment Update
... Pennsylvania will be about 3 °C (5.4°F) warmer than it was at the end of the 20th century. The corresponding annual precipitation increase is expected to be 8%, with a winter increase of 14%. The likelihood for meteorological drought is expected to decrease while months with above-normal precipitati ...
... Pennsylvania will be about 3 °C (5.4°F) warmer than it was at the end of the 20th century. The corresponding annual precipitation increase is expected to be 8%, with a winter increase of 14%. The likelihood for meteorological drought is expected to decrease while months with above-normal precipitati ...
VIEW PDF - Virginia Journal of International Law
... In order to protect Earth’s climate system, the United States should classify new international agreements in response to climate change as executive agreements rather than as treaties. Unlike treaties, which require the advice and consent of two-thirds of the Senate, executive agreements are entere ...
... In order to protect Earth’s climate system, the United States should classify new international agreements in response to climate change as executive agreements rather than as treaties. Unlike treaties, which require the advice and consent of two-thirds of the Senate, executive agreements are entere ...
Sea-level Rise Projections
... ice following the last glacial period. Over the 20th century, however, the rate of rise of the average level of tidal waters with respect to land, or relative sea-level rise, has increased, at least partially as a result of global warming. Moreover, the scientific evidence is compelling that Earth’s ...
... ice following the last glacial period. Over the 20th century, however, the rate of rise of the average level of tidal waters with respect to land, or relative sea-level rise, has increased, at least partially as a result of global warming. Moreover, the scientific evidence is compelling that Earth’s ...
Quantifying uncertainties of permafrost carbon
... carbon released under low emission scenarios provides a more significant climate feedback than the permafrost carbon released under high emission scenarios. Indeed a kilogram of CO 2 transferred to the atmosphere under a low emissions pathway has a higher radiative efficiency than the same kilogram ...
... carbon released under low emission scenarios provides a more significant climate feedback than the permafrost carbon released under high emission scenarios. Indeed a kilogram of CO 2 transferred to the atmosphere under a low emissions pathway has a higher radiative efficiency than the same kilogram ...
Equator Principles and Climate Change Issues
... To my advisor, Dr. Neil Craik, I thank you for your constructive feedback, insights, and encouragement throughout my Master’s studies. Your contributions have been invaluable to my thesis that I am proud of. I sincerely express my gratitude for all efforts that you have put forth to advise me during ...
... To my advisor, Dr. Neil Craik, I thank you for your constructive feedback, insights, and encouragement throughout my Master’s studies. Your contributions have been invaluable to my thesis that I am proud of. I sincerely express my gratitude for all efforts that you have put forth to advise me during ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.