Misdefining ``climate change``: consequences for science and action
... to its stated objectives?’’ In the case of climate change, a growing consensus concludes that, irrespective of the importance of the problem or logic of the solution, the Kyoto Protocol is highly unlikely to succeed according to its own goals. Proponents of the Kyoto Protocol argue that it is just t ...
... to its stated objectives?’’ In the case of climate change, a growing consensus concludes that, irrespective of the importance of the problem or logic of the solution, the Kyoto Protocol is highly unlikely to succeed according to its own goals. Proponents of the Kyoto Protocol argue that it is just t ...
A changing climate of skepticism? The factors shaping climate
... The United States display a development of climate change politics that puts them in stark contrast to most other advanced industrial societies and has created opportunities for a strong climate skeptical movement to take hold. While the US was considered for some time an “environmental pioneer” (Dr ...
... The United States display a development of climate change politics that puts them in stark contrast to most other advanced industrial societies and has created opportunities for a strong climate skeptical movement to take hold. While the US was considered for some time an “environmental pioneer” (Dr ...
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
... chemicals are strong evidence that humanity can overwhelm important chemical, physical, and biological processes that modulate the functioning of the Earth System. These unintended consequences on the global life support system that underpins the rapidly expanding human enterprise lie at the heart o ...
... chemicals are strong evidence that humanity can overwhelm important chemical, physical, and biological processes that modulate the functioning of the Earth System. These unintended consequences on the global life support system that underpins the rapidly expanding human enterprise lie at the heart o ...
Did the Stern Review underestimate climate damages
... The PAGE2002 defaults, adopted by the Stern Review, assume that substantial, nearly costless adaptation will occur; the reported damage estimates are for damages remaining after that adaptation takes place. Specifically, PAGE assumes that in developing countries, 50 percent of economic damages are e ...
... The PAGE2002 defaults, adopted by the Stern Review, assume that substantial, nearly costless adaptation will occur; the reported damage estimates are for damages remaining after that adaptation takes place. Specifically, PAGE assumes that in developing countries, 50 percent of economic damages are e ...
Deepening the Food Crisis? A summary of the Study `Climate
... particular risks for those persons and groups who are malnourished. It systematised how the global megatrend of climate change might impact on these marginalized groups. For this purpose a cover study and regional studies in Africa, Asia and Latin America were carried out. This paper presents an upd ...
... particular risks for those persons and groups who are malnourished. It systematised how the global megatrend of climate change might impact on these marginalized groups. For this purpose a cover study and regional studies in Africa, Asia and Latin America were carried out. This paper presents an upd ...
Overlooked and Neglected Issues in Climate Change Studies: The Need for a
... CLIMATE change poses a big threat. I think Professor Lovelock is over-cooking it slightly, but even if you look at the scientific consensus, the rate of warming is going to cause significant problems. It's bad news as it stands and it is going to cause major problems. We may get a runaway greenhouse ...
... CLIMATE change poses a big threat. I think Professor Lovelock is over-cooking it slightly, but even if you look at the scientific consensus, the rate of warming is going to cause significant problems. It's bad news as it stands and it is going to cause major problems. We may get a runaway greenhouse ...
Snowshoe Hare and Canada Lynx Populations - G-WOW
... The actions of humans has caused a devastating effect on the earth. We are causing global warming and endangering species from burning fossil fuels, running factories and electrical processes, logging, and polluting the earth on a daily basis. Our actions have caused greenhouse gas emissions to skyr ...
... The actions of humans has caused a devastating effect on the earth. We are causing global warming and endangering species from burning fossil fuels, running factories and electrical processes, logging, and polluting the earth on a daily basis. Our actions have caused greenhouse gas emissions to skyr ...
Transitions in climate and energy discourse between Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy
... and intense extreme weather events, result from increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases attributed primarily to fossil fuel burning for energy. Given probable links between the increasing ocean temperature and the severity and frequency of hurricanes and tropical storms (Mann and Em ...
... and intense extreme weather events, result from increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases attributed primarily to fossil fuel burning for energy. Given probable links between the increasing ocean temperature and the severity and frequency of hurricanes and tropical storms (Mann and Em ...
Climate Regulation and the Limits of Cost
... other calculations of the social cost of carbon; others obtain their carbon prices directly from the IWG report. Agencies that depend on pricing carbon run squarely into the problem that there is no single price: the IWG, for instance, offers four different prices. The agencies attempt to skirt the ...
... other calculations of the social cost of carbon; others obtain their carbon prices directly from the IWG report. Agencies that depend on pricing carbon run squarely into the problem that there is no single price: the IWG, for instance, offers four different prices. The agencies attempt to skirt the ...
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
... chemicals are strong evidence that humanity can overwhelm important chemical, physical, and biological processes that modulate the functioning of the Earth System. These unintended consequences on the global life support system that underpins the rapidly expanding human enterprise lie at the heart o ...
... chemicals are strong evidence that humanity can overwhelm important chemical, physical, and biological processes that modulate the functioning of the Earth System. These unintended consequences on the global life support system that underpins the rapidly expanding human enterprise lie at the heart o ...
Assessing the Crop Growing Period According to the Climate Change
... To conduct this study, we used daily precipitation data, and the maximum and minimum temperatures, of eleven weather stations located inside (6 stations) and outside (5 stations) the study area (Figure 1). These data derive from a database of climate forecasts available on the Spanish State Meteorol ...
... To conduct this study, we used daily precipitation data, and the maximum and minimum temperatures, of eleven weather stations located inside (6 stations) and outside (5 stations) the study area (Figure 1). These data derive from a database of climate forecasts available on the Spanish State Meteorol ...
Community based adaptation to climate change
... cost-effective way to reduce vulnerability to climate change.13 A longstanding literature within development studies14 has argued that risks posed by disasters and natural hazards are often linked more to social, economic, and even political factors in different contexts rather than simply the size ...
... cost-effective way to reduce vulnerability to climate change.13 A longstanding literature within development studies14 has argued that risks posed by disasters and natural hazards are often linked more to social, economic, and even political factors in different contexts rather than simply the size ...
Carbon prices for the next thousand years
... result, these papers show that decreasing discount rates lead to more aggressive climate policies as savings and climate policy are both targeted to long-term preferences; this way, the description of the shorter-term decisions becomes unrealistic, leading back to the climate-policy puzzle. Karp (20 ...
... result, these papers show that decreasing discount rates lead to more aggressive climate policies as savings and climate policy are both targeted to long-term preferences; this way, the description of the shorter-term decisions becomes unrealistic, leading back to the climate-policy puzzle. Karp (20 ...
Effect of Green House Gases and Human Population in Global
... Naturally occurring GHGs contributes a mean warming effect of about 330 C [7]. The major greenhouse gases are water vapor, which cause about 36-70 percent of the greenhouse effect; and ozone, which cause 3-7 percent [8], [9] & [10]. Effects of clouds are also their but ultimately they are building u ...
... Naturally occurring GHGs contributes a mean warming effect of about 330 C [7]. The major greenhouse gases are water vapor, which cause about 36-70 percent of the greenhouse effect; and ozone, which cause 3-7 percent [8], [9] & [10]. Effects of clouds are also their but ultimately they are building u ...
Combining multiple climate policy instruments: how not to do it - Working Paper 38 (598 kB) (opens in new window)
... unilateral carbon tax on top of the EU ETS, the primary effect of the tax will most likely be to shift the burden of payment, and to depress the carbon price, rather than to achieve any additional emission reductions, unless the tax is so high that it replaces and indeed intensifies the price signal ...
... unilateral carbon tax on top of the EU ETS, the primary effect of the tax will most likely be to shift the burden of payment, and to depress the carbon price, rather than to achieve any additional emission reductions, unless the tax is so high that it replaces and indeed intensifies the price signal ...
Adaptation - Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
... The Earth’s climate is rapidly changing. In the United States and other nations, people are seeing how the impacts of rising global temperatures, shifting patterns of precipitation, rising sea levels, and other changes are affecting their communities, their livelihoods, and the natural environment. ...
... The Earth’s climate is rapidly changing. In the United States and other nations, people are seeing how the impacts of rising global temperatures, shifting patterns of precipitation, rising sea levels, and other changes are affecting their communities, their livelihoods, and the natural environment. ...
Climate Change: Current Issues and Policy Tools
... vulnerable. Adaptations can moderate the impacts and expand opportunities, but at a cost. Besides the overall costs of climate change, key concerns include the distributional effects within and across generations, how to value ecological impacts, and the potential for abrupt and irreversible changes ...
... vulnerable. Adaptations can moderate the impacts and expand opportunities, but at a cost. Besides the overall costs of climate change, key concerns include the distributional effects within and across generations, how to value ecological impacts, and the potential for abrupt and irreversible changes ...
PDF - 15.64MB - RTCC - Responding to Climate Change
... must be the agreement itself, one that is universal and legally binding. That agreement must be fair, by which I mean that it must provide for efforts that are differentiated according to country, go hand in hand with financial and technological solidarity for the poorest countries, and take greater ...
... must be the agreement itself, one that is universal and legally binding. That agreement must be fair, by which I mean that it must provide for efforts that are differentiated according to country, go hand in hand with financial and technological solidarity for the poorest countries, and take greater ...
Climate change policy in Alberta Backgrounder At a glance
... economic recession, which caused annual emissions to fall substantially due to reduced economic activity across the economy. Emissions reached a low in 2009, but since that time have continued to increase on the same trajectory (see Figure 2). As of 2012, emissions from Alberta have surpassed their ...
... economic recession, which caused annual emissions to fall substantially due to reduced economic activity across the economy. Emissions reached a low in 2009, but since that time have continued to increase on the same trajectory (see Figure 2). As of 2012, emissions from Alberta have surpassed their ...
The Climate Change Performance Index - Results
... 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By including those emissions, we can present a more complete view of man-made impacts on the world’s climate. The following publication is issued by Germanwatch and Climate ...
... 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By including those emissions, we can present a more complete view of man-made impacts on the world’s climate. The following publication is issued by Germanwatch and Climate ...
The Climate Change Performance Index
... 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By including those emissions, we can present a more complete view of man-made impacts on the world’s climate. The following publication is issued by Germanwatch and Climate ...
... 2015. Alongside energy-based emissions, deforestation and forest degradation are another important source of anthropogenic CO2. By including those emissions, we can present a more complete view of man-made impacts on the world’s climate. The following publication is issued by Germanwatch and Climate ...
click to - White Rose Research Online
... wellbeing are provided, in the form of e.g. education, healthcare, energy, food. Sen (1999) views development as freedom of the individual, which in turn requires access to basic key resources to enable needs to be met. A collective element is also important, however, because individual freedom shou ...
... wellbeing are provided, in the form of e.g. education, healthcare, energy, food. Sen (1999) views development as freedom of the individual, which in turn requires access to basic key resources to enable needs to be met. A collective element is also important, however, because individual freedom shou ...
European Journal of Legal Studies
... and review‖ are most likely insufficient toward the goal of limiting the increase in global temperatures to 2 degrees Celsius above pre‐industrial levels agreed upon at the COP15 in Copenhagen.20 Furthermore, many of the world‘s larger emitters today are developing countries (such as China, India, B ...
... and review‖ are most likely insufficient toward the goal of limiting the increase in global temperatures to 2 degrees Celsius above pre‐industrial levels agreed upon at the COP15 in Copenhagen.20 Furthermore, many of the world‘s larger emitters today are developing countries (such as China, India, B ...
Adaptation behavior in the face of global climate change: Survey
... adaptation behavior in the context of climate change (APA, 2009). The limited ability of public surveys to evaluate institutional resource and information needs provides further rationale for collecting responses from experts and decision makers in the current study. 4. Methodology and survey implem ...
... adaptation behavior in the context of climate change (APA, 2009). The limited ability of public surveys to evaluate institutional resource and information needs provides further rationale for collecting responses from experts and decision makers in the current study. 4. Methodology and survey implem ...
Climate Science: An Empirical Example of Postnormal Science
... with Fig. 1, all data are presented so as to distinguish groups according to national bases. We proceed first with the presentation of perspectives pertaining to “scientific” knowledge and follow with an analysis of the metamorphosis of such knowledge into the social and political commentary. Sectio ...
... with Fig. 1, all data are presented so as to distinguish groups according to national bases. We proceed first with the presentation of perspectives pertaining to “scientific” knowledge and follow with an analysis of the metamorphosis of such knowledge into the social and political commentary. Sectio ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.