The impact of high-end climate change on agricultural welfare
... sensitive to climate change (2). Even a small increase of 1° to 2°C in GMT can have significant negative effects on crop yields, especially in the tropics (3–5). In many developing regions, agriculture is of major importance for national economic performance, for example, as expressed by its share i ...
... sensitive to climate change (2). Even a small increase of 1° to 2°C in GMT can have significant negative effects on crop yields, especially in the tropics (3–5). In many developing regions, agriculture is of major importance for national economic performance, for example, as expressed by its share i ...
The shape of things to come: why is climate change so predictable?
... determining the envelope of uncertainty in climate sensitivity requires understanding how uncertainty in the representations of physical processes in global climate models (GCMs) translates into the uncertainty in the models’ response. Roe and Baker (2007) (hereafter, RB07) investigated this questio ...
... determining the envelope of uncertainty in climate sensitivity requires understanding how uncertainty in the representations of physical processes in global climate models (GCMs) translates into the uncertainty in the models’ response. Roe and Baker (2007) (hereafter, RB07) investigated this questio ...
PDD W P
... action to combat climate change and its impacts is one of the key measures to transform our world and achieve sustainable development (UN, 2015a). The Addis Ababa Action Agenda adopted at the Third International Conference on Financing for Development in 2015 affirms strong political commitment to a ...
... action to combat climate change and its impacts is one of the key measures to transform our world and achieve sustainable development (UN, 2015a). The Addis Ababa Action Agenda adopted at the Third International Conference on Financing for Development in 2015 affirms strong political commitment to a ...
Climate Change Essentials
... energy and infrastructure, Canadian provinces, territories and municipalities have been leading the way on climate change action. 2. Calls from industry leaders and investors around the world for governments to put a price on carbon, aimed not only at reducing GHG emissions, but also at facilitating ...
... energy and infrastructure, Canadian provinces, territories and municipalities have been leading the way on climate change action. 2. Calls from industry leaders and investors around the world for governments to put a price on carbon, aimed not only at reducing GHG emissions, but also at facilitating ...
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... and together assume a leading role. Only then will it be possible to push through climate targets that go beyond merely stabilizing the status quo. However, given the progress of the climate negotiations so far, we should not put too high hopes on the world climate conference in Copenhagen: Even mod ...
... and together assume a leading role. Only then will it be possible to push through climate targets that go beyond merely stabilizing the status quo. However, given the progress of the climate negotiations so far, we should not put too high hopes on the world climate conference in Copenhagen: Even mod ...
2015 Issue - Northwest Climate Science Center
... to help land managers develop adaptation strategies. Managers at North Cascades National Park have already employed the project’s results into their management practice for dealing with introduced fish species. The study is also being expanded into the Midwest, focusing on Indiana and Illinois’ Kank ...
... to help land managers develop adaptation strategies. Managers at North Cascades National Park have already employed the project’s results into their management practice for dealing with introduced fish species. The study is also being expanded into the Midwest, focusing on Indiana and Illinois’ Kank ...
Québec and Climate change 2006-2012 Action Plan
... The climate change issue has been included in the new recover the biogases from the Saint-Étienne-des-Grès Plan d’action concerté sur l’agroenvironnement et la landfill site. These biogases will be used to heat the cohabitation harmonieuse 2007-2010, a joint effort of greenhouse complex as well as p ...
... The climate change issue has been included in the new recover the biogases from the Saint-Étienne-des-Grès Plan d’action concerté sur l’agroenvironnement et la landfill site. These biogases will be used to heat the cohabitation harmonieuse 2007-2010, a joint effort of greenhouse complex as well as p ...
Fact sheets of the international experiences on the formulation and
... Information used generally includes Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports. Strategy and action plans are mentioned in the ASEAN policy documentation, but not specific climate impact or adaptation research projects. However, research needs regarding regional climate mod ...
... Information used generally includes Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports. Strategy and action plans are mentioned in the ASEAN policy documentation, but not specific climate impact or adaptation research projects. However, research needs regarding regional climate mod ...
Risk of ruin paper - Institute and Faculty of Actuaries
... because for any level of protection, there is still a probability that an event can occur that will exceed the design threshold. The cost of protection rises as the threshold of protection increases, there comes a point where it is no longer cost effective to improve the defences or adaptive measure ...
... because for any level of protection, there is still a probability that an event can occur that will exceed the design threshold. The cost of protection rises as the threshold of protection increases, there comes a point where it is no longer cost effective to improve the defences or adaptive measure ...
Climate change. - Institut für Kommunikations
... We only code documents on the page, which deal with our issue climate change or food safety (cf. keywords). Furthermore, we prefer central text documents on the page, i.e. content which has its own headline and/or is located in the middle of the page (cf. Maurer et al., 2011). In cases of several ar ...
... We only code documents on the page, which deal with our issue climate change or food safety (cf. keywords). Furthermore, we prefer central text documents on the page, i.e. content which has its own headline and/or is located in the middle of the page (cf. Maurer et al., 2011). In cases of several ar ...
22nd conference of parties to the united nations
... ON CLIMATE CHANGE (UNFCCC) What is at stake at COP22 in Marrakesh? ...
... ON CLIMATE CHANGE (UNFCCC) What is at stake at COP22 in Marrakesh? ...
Towards a unifying narrative for climate change
... overused to the extent where they have, in many situations, become almost meaningless jargon, and some argue that they are now more harmful than useful44. The concepts and language used have also become increasingly technical and abstract: people can’t relate to terms such as parts per million and C ...
... overused to the extent where they have, in many situations, become almost meaningless jargon, and some argue that they are now more harmful than useful44. The concepts and language used have also become increasingly technical and abstract: people can’t relate to terms such as parts per million and C ...
Health Aspects of Climate Change in Cities with Mediterranean
... adaptation plan: Adelaide, Barcelona, Cape Town, Los Angeles and Santiago. Beyond their similar Med-climate features (although Santiago’s are slightly different), the cities have different socio-economic characteristics in various aspects. We analyzed each plan according to how it addresses climate ...
... adaptation plan: Adelaide, Barcelona, Cape Town, Los Angeles and Santiago. Beyond their similar Med-climate features (although Santiago’s are slightly different), the cities have different socio-economic characteristics in various aspects. We analyzed each plan according to how it addresses climate ...
Chapter 11. Adaptation and adaptive capacity in the public health
... warning and preparedness systems, buildings and infrastructure, all can be considered measures to reduce human health risks in the event of a changed frequency of weather disasters. However, there is concern that the adaptive capacity to address changes in the magnitude or frequency of extreme clima ...
... warning and preparedness systems, buildings and infrastructure, all can be considered measures to reduce human health risks in the event of a changed frequency of weather disasters. However, there is concern that the adaptive capacity to address changes in the magnitude or frequency of extreme clima ...
Climate change implications for the glaciers of the Hindu Kush
... balance data available and the variation in glaciological conditions. Other non-climatic drivers such as deposition of dust and soot may also play a role, with some evidence that this may already be having an effect on some Tibetan glaciers (Xu et al., 2009). There are relatively few studies that ai ...
... balance data available and the variation in glaciological conditions. Other non-climatic drivers such as deposition of dust and soot may also play a role, with some evidence that this may already be having an effect on some Tibetan glaciers (Xu et al., 2009). There are relatively few studies that ai ...
Protected areas, climate change and disaster mitigation
... Fire: Protected areas can protect against fire by limiting encroachment into the most fireprone areas; maintaining traditional cultural management systems that have controlled fire; and protecting intact natural systems that are better able to withstand fire. It should be noted however that badly ma ...
... Fire: Protected areas can protect against fire by limiting encroachment into the most fireprone areas; maintaining traditional cultural management systems that have controlled fire; and protecting intact natural systems that are better able to withstand fire. It should be noted however that badly ma ...
2.0 air quality, climate and climate change
... primary or secondary, where primary sources include stack emissions and volatilization from equipment, and secondary sources generally refer to the reemission of contaminants from large environmental reservoirs. Secondary sources are very important for legacy POPs, like PCBs, and help explain why th ...
... primary or secondary, where primary sources include stack emissions and volatilization from equipment, and secondary sources generally refer to the reemission of contaminants from large environmental reservoirs. Secondary sources are very important for legacy POPs, like PCBs, and help explain why th ...
How much risk ought we to take? Exploring the possibilities of
... perform a weighted lottery and go with whatever the result is. While we should of course consider each and every option which might be the right one (which is exactly what the weighted lottery is designed to do), this does not exempt us from the responsibility to argue for or against a certain opti ...
... perform a weighted lottery and go with whatever the result is. While we should of course consider each and every option which might be the right one (which is exactly what the weighted lottery is designed to do), this does not exempt us from the responsibility to argue for or against a certain opti ...
Climate change and the impact of aerosol
... ammonium, organic carbon, black carbon, sea salt, mineral dust, trace metals and water. Aerosol particles affect the climate directly by scattering and absorbing of solar radiation and indirectly by modifying the properties of clouds. Black carbon causes warming, whereas all other aerosol causes coo ...
... ammonium, organic carbon, black carbon, sea salt, mineral dust, trace metals and water. Aerosol particles affect the climate directly by scattering and absorbing of solar radiation and indirectly by modifying the properties of clouds. Black carbon causes warming, whereas all other aerosol causes coo ...
Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook MODULE 7: Climate-smart crop production system
... • Unpredictable and erratic climatic patterns resulting from climate change will affect crop production. This will have an impact on farmer livelihoods and food availability. Climate-smart crop production provides management options to farmers to both adapt to, and mitigate, climate change. • Clim ...
... • Unpredictable and erratic climatic patterns resulting from climate change will affect crop production. This will have an impact on farmer livelihoods and food availability. Climate-smart crop production provides management options to farmers to both adapt to, and mitigate, climate change. • Clim ...
Chapter 3: The Global Warming Debate PDF
... the burning of fossil fuels.213 Global warming caused by increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide has happened before in the geologic history of Earth. Therefore it can happen again. Recently, for example, geologists concluded that a major increase in CO2 was responsible for Paleocene-Eocene thermal ...
... the burning of fossil fuels.213 Global warming caused by increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide has happened before in the geologic history of Earth. Therefore it can happen again. Recently, for example, geologists concluded that a major increase in CO2 was responsible for Paleocene-Eocene thermal ...
LCC/2014/0101Roseacre Wood , Roseacre and Wharles, Fylde
... in Table 8.2 of the ES. The average volume of direct emissions is 114,009 tCO2e. The average volume of indirect emissions is 7,401 tCO2e. The project’s carbon footprint is 118,419 to 124,369 tCOe. This is made up of approximately 94% direct emissions and 6% indirect emissions. 73% of the project car ...
... in Table 8.2 of the ES. The average volume of direct emissions is 114,009 tCO2e. The average volume of indirect emissions is 7,401 tCO2e. The project’s carbon footprint is 118,419 to 124,369 tCOe. This is made up of approximately 94% direct emissions and 6% indirect emissions. 73% of the project car ...
Making sense of the early-2000s warming slowdown
... Recent modelling11-13,15,16,24 and observationally based studies14,18 indicate an ...
... Recent modelling11-13,15,16,24 and observationally based studies14,18 indicate an ...
Works Cited - Institute for Domestic and International Affairs, Inc.
... experience more frequent and stronger tropical storms. Technology for warning and protection systems can be exchanged. The UNWTO should also ask organizations such as the World Tourism & Travel Council and the International Eco-Tourism Society to undertake projects and studies that project the long- ...
... experience more frequent and stronger tropical storms. Technology for warning and protection systems can be exchanged. The UNWTO should also ask organizations such as the World Tourism & Travel Council and the International Eco-Tourism Society to undertake projects and studies that project the long- ...
CLIMATE CHANGE Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change: Outlook for Knowledge,Tools and Action
... million in 1996 to over a billion according to FAO’s most recent estimate in 2009 (FAO, 2009a). Most of the world’s hungry are in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. These regions have large rural populations, widespread poverty and extensive areas of low agricultural productivity due to steadily deg ...
... million in 1996 to over a billion according to FAO’s most recent estimate in 2009 (FAO, 2009a). Most of the world’s hungry are in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. These regions have large rural populations, widespread poverty and extensive areas of low agricultural productivity due to steadily deg ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.