Risk-based assessment of climate change impacts
... conditions. Past observations establish a trend, although lengths of time series of different parameters at different locations vary. Projections from climate model outputs use assumptions about future anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to estimate the anthropogenicallyinfluenced climate project ...
... conditions. Past observations establish a trend, although lengths of time series of different parameters at different locations vary. Projections from climate model outputs use assumptions about future anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to estimate the anthropogenicallyinfluenced climate project ...
a chapter for the Handbook of Macroeconomics
... within the area of sustainability more broadly. Finally, Section 2 should be viewed as a delivering a building block for the IAMs to be discussed later in the chapter, in particular that in Section 5. In Section 4, we take our second step and develop a very simple, static integrated assessment model ...
... within the area of sustainability more broadly. Finally, Section 2 should be viewed as a delivering a building block for the IAMs to be discussed later in the chapter, in particular that in Section 5. In Section 4, we take our second step and develop a very simple, static integrated assessment model ...
US Senate Minority Report
... interaction with the Earth. “The models and forecasts of the UN IPCC "are incorrect because they only are based on mathematical models and presented results at scenarios that do not include, for example, solar activity.” - Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of ...
... interaction with the Earth. “The models and forecasts of the UN IPCC "are incorrect because they only are based on mathematical models and presented results at scenarios that do not include, for example, solar activity.” - Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of ...
Proceedings WARMING UP SEMINAR
... Emissions from fossil fuel combustion are growing faster than GDP – even faster than energy use, implying both inefficiency and a shift to more carbon intensive fuels. Emissions from oil are currently the largest fossil fuel contributor, but emissions from use of coal have been the fastest growing ...
... Emissions from fossil fuel combustion are growing faster than GDP – even faster than energy use, implying both inefficiency and a shift to more carbon intensive fuels. Emissions from oil are currently the largest fossil fuel contributor, but emissions from use of coal have been the fastest growing ...
Read - PeerJ
... The sites occur along a gradient of increasing severity of Mediterranean climate from north to south (Table 1). The southern site has the most extreme seasonal variation, experiencing the wettest, coolest winters and driest, warmest summers. The central and northern sites have comparatively milder w ...
... The sites occur along a gradient of increasing severity of Mediterranean climate from north to south (Table 1). The southern site has the most extreme seasonal variation, experiencing the wettest, coolest winters and driest, warmest summers. The central and northern sites have comparatively milder w ...
Assessing Current Climate Risks
... The goal of this section is to guide the user through the process of assessing current climate risks, as outlined in Figure 4-3, rather than provide a tight prescription for how to proceed. There are two major paths one can use, depending on whether the starting point focuses on climate or on vulner ...
... The goal of this section is to guide the user through the process of assessing current climate risks, as outlined in Figure 4-3, rather than provide a tight prescription for how to proceed. There are two major paths one can use, depending on whether the starting point focuses on climate or on vulner ...
Climate Volatility and Change in Central Asia: Economic Impacts
... for Central Asia’s predominantly rural population, especially for the poor. Agricultural production, being sensitive to weather shocks and climate volatility, may suffer from climate change if no adaptive actions are taken. Taking these into account, the present study seeks to estimate the potential ...
... for Central Asia’s predominantly rural population, especially for the poor. Agricultural production, being sensitive to weather shocks and climate volatility, may suffer from climate change if no adaptive actions are taken. Taking these into account, the present study seeks to estimate the potential ...
Kiribati
... sea level rise. From Kiribati standpoint, these gaps contribute more to the vulnerability of these atolls, rather than alleviating it. There is a growing sense in Kiribati that they should do what they can to mitigate and adapt to impacts of climate change. The strategies identified are in the energ ...
... sea level rise. From Kiribati standpoint, these gaps contribute more to the vulnerability of these atolls, rather than alleviating it. There is a growing sense in Kiribati that they should do what they can to mitigate and adapt to impacts of climate change. The strategies identified are in the energ ...
Icebreakers Neg.Paper
... Enormous blocks of shimmering ice shoot up, twist onto their sides and bob along in the clear water, regrouping in the ship's wake. Eddy Carmack, a leading oceanographer with Fisheries and Oceans Canada, has carefully charted the changes in the Arctic since he first visited in 1969. He is part of a ...
... Enormous blocks of shimmering ice shoot up, twist onto their sides and bob along in the clear water, regrouping in the ship's wake. Eddy Carmack, a leading oceanographer with Fisheries and Oceans Canada, has carefully charted the changes in the Arctic since he first visited in 1969. He is part of a ...
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
... Ozone depletion and the Montreal Protocol Scientists first suggested that manmade chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) might be harmful to the environment in 1974. It was established that, owing to their stability, they are able to persist in the stratosphere for many decades and upon breakdown release chlori ...
... Ozone depletion and the Montreal Protocol Scientists first suggested that manmade chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) might be harmful to the environment in 1974. It was established that, owing to their stability, they are able to persist in the stratosphere for many decades and upon breakdown release chlori ...
Antagonism, The Commons and Solidarity
... how to deal with climate change is providing new opportunities for ‘rebooting’ capitalism, creating new opportunities for accumulation, overcoming present failures and increasing market penetration and resource/land privatisation (Swyngedouw, 2007; 2010). Swyngedouw goes as far as to argue that ‘the ...
... how to deal with climate change is providing new opportunities for ‘rebooting’ capitalism, creating new opportunities for accumulation, overcoming present failures and increasing market penetration and resource/land privatisation (Swyngedouw, 2007; 2010). Swyngedouw goes as far as to argue that ‘the ...
Poster - Ross School Senior Projects
... As part of my study, I visited and dove a coral reef on the northwest coast of Puerto Rico. The reef was part of the Tres Palmas reserve and is considered to be one of the best-developed reef systems in this area. I was able to access the reef directly from the beach, as the reef begins almost immed ...
... As part of my study, I visited and dove a coral reef on the northwest coast of Puerto Rico. The reef was part of the Tres Palmas reserve and is considered to be one of the best-developed reef systems in this area. I was able to access the reef directly from the beach, as the reef begins almost immed ...
Climate change impacts on groundwater hydrology
... addition of new uncertainties through the uncertainty cascade, where it may be perceived that uncertainties will increase dramatically. The impacts of the different sources of uncertainties on the resulting hydrological change uncertainty are, however, context specific (Refsgaard et al. 2013). Most ...
... addition of new uncertainties through the uncertainty cascade, where it may be perceived that uncertainties will increase dramatically. The impacts of the different sources of uncertainties on the resulting hydrological change uncertainty are, however, context specific (Refsgaard et al. 2013). Most ...
Roles of religion and ethics in addressing climate
... predicted (Black 2007, Hopkin 2007). These changes are affecting populations across the globe, whether through direct environmental consequences or economic, social or security ramifications (Barnett 2003). In order to stabilize the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration to between 445 and 490 ppm ...
... predicted (Black 2007, Hopkin 2007). These changes are affecting populations across the globe, whether through direct environmental consequences or economic, social or security ramifications (Barnett 2003). In order to stabilize the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration to between 445 and 490 ppm ...
migratory species and climate change
... In addition to changes in the global climate, human activities are exerting additional pressure on biodiversity and are expected to exacerbate climate-mediated biodiversity loss through land use change, soil and water pollution, diversion of water to managed ecosystems and urban systems, habitat fra ...
... In addition to changes in the global climate, human activities are exerting additional pressure on biodiversity and are expected to exacerbate climate-mediated biodiversity loss through land use change, soil and water pollution, diversion of water to managed ecosystems and urban systems, habitat fra ...
An Integrated Assessment of Changes in the Thermohaline Circulation
... runoff from North America is missing, as is the potentially increasing precipitation over the northern Atlantic ocean. Thus the observed trends, if they are the result of the global warming that has occurred over the historical period, make it conceivable that the much larger warming expected in fut ...
... runoff from North America is missing, as is the potentially increasing precipitation over the northern Atlantic ocean. Thus the observed trends, if they are the result of the global warming that has occurred over the historical period, make it conceivable that the much larger warming expected in fut ...
Diagnosing Present and Future Permafrost from Climate Models
... year for which diagnostics are presented (e.g., the year 2000 uses data averaged over 1981–2000). As these models provide equilibrium solutions, the disappearance of permafrost based on their metrics does not necessarily mean that deep permafrost will have completely degraded from that area at the t ...
... year for which diagnostics are presented (e.g., the year 2000 uses data averaged over 1981–2000). As these models provide equilibrium solutions, the disappearance of permafrost based on their metrics does not necessarily mean that deep permafrost will have completely degraded from that area at the t ...
The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from
... concentration datasets, forthcoming CMIP5 intercomparisons will allow our understanding of the relationship between emissions and concentrations to be re-defined. This study describes how the IAM emissions were processed to produce the RCP GHG concentration values, including the compilation of histo ...
... concentration datasets, forthcoming CMIP5 intercomparisons will allow our understanding of the relationship between emissions and concentrations to be re-defined. This study describes how the IAM emissions were processed to produce the RCP GHG concentration values, including the compilation of histo ...
Assessing Vulnerabilities to the Effects of Global Change: An Eight
... nature and society that serve as currents which can be used to navigate towards a sustainability transition; 3) deepening a place-based, integrated understanding of social and ecological vulnerability to global change; and 4) exploring the design and management of systems that can better integrate r ...
... nature and society that serve as currents which can be used to navigate towards a sustainability transition; 3) deepening a place-based, integrated understanding of social and ecological vulnerability to global change; and 4) exploring the design and management of systems that can better integrate r ...
S1501144_en.pdf
... the British Government (UKAID) and the Subregional Headquarters of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in Mexico City, and the Agreement between the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) and ECLAC as part of the “The Economics of Climate Change in Central A ...
... the British Government (UKAID) and the Subregional Headquarters of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in Mexico City, and the Agreement between the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) and ECLAC as part of the “The Economics of Climate Change in Central A ...
22nd conference of parties to the united nations
... theme for the first time in 2007. This was followed by further discussions during the International Dialogue on Migration3 and the IOM Council HighLevel Panel on Climate Migration4 parallel to the release of numerous institutional documents. In 2016, IOM Member States decided once again to address t ...
... theme for the first time in 2007. This was followed by further discussions during the International Dialogue on Migration3 and the IOM Council HighLevel Panel on Climate Migration4 parallel to the release of numerous institutional documents. In 2016, IOM Member States decided once again to address t ...
climate-change scepticism and asserted rights to private property
... climate scepticism to a judgement of moral merits. To start with, the next section outlines a cultural view of climate change. It is followed by a discussion about how those competing beliefs can be assembled under a rights framework 1 to help uncover common moral grounds. Research methods, by which ...
... climate scepticism to a judgement of moral merits. To start with, the next section outlines a cultural view of climate change. It is followed by a discussion about how those competing beliefs can be assembled under a rights framework 1 to help uncover common moral grounds. Research methods, by which ...
Changing Risk Perceptions Policy Brief
... emissions and to becoming a world leader in addressing climate change. These actions include the 2002 Pavley California Vehicle Climate Change Law, setting the first ever limits on greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles, the 2005 Schwarzenegger Executive Order, establishing significant emi ...
... emissions and to becoming a world leader in addressing climate change. These actions include the 2002 Pavley California Vehicle Climate Change Law, setting the first ever limits on greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles, the 2005 Schwarzenegger Executive Order, establishing significant emi ...
the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Learning Module
... ◦ Most common form of deposition is as acid rain ◦ Dry and cloud deposition also occur ◦ Ocean acidification from CO2 not included ...
... ◦ Most common form of deposition is as acid rain ◦ Dry and cloud deposition also occur ◦ Ocean acidification from CO2 not included ...
Impacts of climate change on Australian marine life
... Gina Newton and Anna van Dugteren from the Australian Greenhouse Office for their helpful comments and advice on improving the report. Our appreciation to Lisa Albinsson, Sue Blackburn, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Tony Koslow and Jock Young for providing valuable information regarding plankton; Julie Phill ...
... Gina Newton and Anna van Dugteren from the Australian Greenhouse Office for their helpful comments and advice on improving the report. Our appreciation to Lisa Albinsson, Sue Blackburn, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Tony Koslow and Jock Young for providing valuable information regarding plankton; Julie Phill ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.