The marine ecosystem off Peru: What are the secrets of its fishery
... only half as productive as the Benguela system. Nevertheless, the Humboldt system routinely has produced more than 20 times as much fish as either of these other two similar systems. Moreover, the Peru system, the smaller near-equatorial sub-segment of the Humboldt Large Marine Ecosystem, often gener ...
... only half as productive as the Benguela system. Nevertheless, the Humboldt system routinely has produced more than 20 times as much fish as either of these other two similar systems. Moreover, the Peru system, the smaller near-equatorial sub-segment of the Humboldt Large Marine Ecosystem, often gener ...
How will organic carbon stocks in mineral soils
... distribution or changes in anthropogenic land use. Furthermore, Sim-CYCLE implements a single soil C pool module to simulate SOC dynamics (Ito, 2005). However, Jones et al. (2005) have shown that such a simplification leads to an overall higher sensitivity of SOC to changes in climate and plant inpu ...
... distribution or changes in anthropogenic land use. Furthermore, Sim-CYCLE implements a single soil C pool module to simulate SOC dynamics (Ito, 2005). However, Jones et al. (2005) have shown that such a simplification leads to an overall higher sensitivity of SOC to changes in climate and plant inpu ...
Health Effects of Climate Change in the UK, Department of Health
... Nevertheless, assuming that temperature plays an important role in mortality, we estimate that by the year 2050 excess cold weather deaths will have declined significantly, perhaps by 20 000 per year.This estimation assumes that other social and material conditions do not change.We also estimate tha ...
... Nevertheless, assuming that temperature plays an important role in mortality, we estimate that by the year 2050 excess cold weather deaths will have declined significantly, perhaps by 20 000 per year.This estimation assumes that other social and material conditions do not change.We also estimate tha ...
The range expansion of the European map butterfly in Finland
... enzyme affecting flight metabolism and thereby flight performance, in the observed expansion of the map butterfly at two separate expansion fronts in Finland. The expansion rate of the map butterfly was shown to be correlated with the frequency of warmer than average summers during the study period. ...
... enzyme affecting flight metabolism and thereby flight performance, in the observed expansion of the map butterfly at two separate expansion fronts in Finland. The expansion rate of the map butterfly was shown to be correlated with the frequency of warmer than average summers during the study period. ...
Predicting the impact of ocean acidification on coral reefs
... Buddemeier et al. (2008) developed a spreadsheet-based numerical model that calculates the effects of climate change on coral reefs at local-to-regional scales using equations developed from data on coral growth and mortality rates. The model calculates the impacts to coral cover from changes in ave ...
... Buddemeier et al. (2008) developed a spreadsheet-based numerical model that calculates the effects of climate change on coral reefs at local-to-regional scales using equations developed from data on coral growth and mortality rates. The model calculates the impacts to coral cover from changes in ave ...
National Policy on Climate Change for Namibia 2011
... There is considerable uncertainty regarding the accurate detection of future climate change scenarios, despite the continuous improvements in climate science. This is because of various limitations related to the uncertainty in future global GHG emissions, understanding of the dynamics of global cli ...
... There is considerable uncertainty regarding the accurate detection of future climate change scenarios, despite the continuous improvements in climate science. This is because of various limitations related to the uncertainty in future global GHG emissions, understanding of the dynamics of global cli ...
mop4_27_climate_change_report_0
... Figure 1. Area covered by the African-Eurasian Waterfowl Agreement. Source: (AEWA 2007) ...... 13 Figure 2. Linear trend of seasonal MAM, JJA, SON and DJF temperature for 1979 to 2005 (°C per decade). Areas in grey have insufficient data to produce reliable trends. Source: IPCC (2007b) ............. ...
... Figure 1. Area covered by the African-Eurasian Waterfowl Agreement. Source: (AEWA 2007) ...... 13 Figure 2. Linear trend of seasonal MAM, JJA, SON and DJF temperature for 1979 to 2005 (°C per decade). Areas in grey have insufficient data to produce reliable trends. Source: IPCC (2007b) ............. ...
PDF
... will adapt their production decisions in response to many different factors. As well as adapting to climate change, farmers will respond to changes in product prices and input costs, to new technologies and, possibly, to the requirements of climate mitigation policies. Other factors, such as demogra ...
... will adapt their production decisions in response to many different factors. As well as adapting to climate change, farmers will respond to changes in product prices and input costs, to new technologies and, possibly, to the requirements of climate mitigation policies. Other factors, such as demogra ...
Scenario
... In addition to the cascading uncertainties that propagate from model to model, the cumulative effects of which have yet to be quantified, the results of these impacts assessment are subject to potentially large systematic errors which tend to substantially overstate negative impacts while simultaneo ...
... In addition to the cascading uncertainties that propagate from model to model, the cumulative effects of which have yet to be quantified, the results of these impacts assessment are subject to potentially large systematic errors which tend to substantially overstate negative impacts while simultaneo ...
a prediction market for climate outcomes
... intertwined with a variety of economic and professional interests, such that virtually no one can make an assertion about climate change without being accused of having some interest—economic, professional, or psychic—in convincing others. In prediction markets, it is simply too costly to sustain a ...
... intertwined with a variety of economic and professional interests, such that virtually no one can make an assertion about climate change without being accused of having some interest—economic, professional, or psychic—in convincing others. In prediction markets, it is simply too costly to sustain a ...
Articulating Climate Justice in Copenhagen: Antagonism, the
... South exemplified by the presence of members of Via Campesina, the small farmer and peasant network; a range of NGOs from around the world (eg Focus on the Global South, Climate Action Network); trade unions; politicians; journalists; and concerned individuals. There were principally five different ...
... South exemplified by the presence of members of Via Campesina, the small farmer and peasant network; a range of NGOs from around the world (eg Focus on the Global South, Climate Action Network); trade unions; politicians; journalists; and concerned individuals. There were principally five different ...
Modifying the 2°C Target - Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik
... enormous pressure to show results. The difference between the current average global temperature and the historic climate data from the pre-industrial age is estimated to be around 0.8°C. Due to the relative inertia of the climate system and the long lifespan of many greenhouse gases in the earth’s ...
... enormous pressure to show results. The difference between the current average global temperature and the historic climate data from the pre-industrial age is estimated to be around 0.8°C. Due to the relative inertia of the climate system and the long lifespan of many greenhouse gases in the earth’s ...
North America
... precipitation falling as rain (rather than snow) increased at 74% of the weather stations studied in the western mountains of the U.S. from 1949 to 2004 (Knowles et al., 2006). In Canada, warming from 1900 to 2003 led to a decrease in total precipitation as snowfall in the west and Prairies (Vincent ...
... precipitation falling as rain (rather than snow) increased at 74% of the weather stations studied in the western mountains of the U.S. from 1949 to 2004 (Knowles et al., 2006). In Canada, warming from 1900 to 2003 led to a decrease in total precipitation as snowfall in the west and Prairies (Vincent ...
Marine productivity response to Heinrich events
... et al., 2009; Nave et al., 2007). While marine paleo-records give a picture of regional processes during HEs, such as a decrease in North Atlantic EXP and an increase in the Southern Ocean, they cannot give an integrated view of the global response of marine biogeochemistry to such events due to the ...
... et al., 2009; Nave et al., 2007). While marine paleo-records give a picture of regional processes during HEs, such as a decrease in North Atlantic EXP and an increase in the Southern Ocean, they cannot give an integrated view of the global response of marine biogeochemistry to such events due to the ...
Wildfire: A burning issue for insurers?
... which covered around 4000 km and killed 173 people, were caused by separate ignitions including lightning, ...
... which covered around 4000 km and killed 173 people, were caused by separate ignitions including lightning, ...
Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... versus lower emissions scenarios. The report shows that choices made about emissions in the next few decades will have far-reaching consequences for climate change impacts. Over the long term, lower emissions will lessen both the magnitude of climate change impacts and the rate at which they appear. ...
... versus lower emissions scenarios. The report shows that choices made about emissions in the next few decades will have far-reaching consequences for climate change impacts. Over the long term, lower emissions will lessen both the magnitude of climate change impacts and the rate at which they appear. ...
Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... versus lower emissions scenarios. The report shows that choices made about emissions in the next few decades will have far-reaching consequences for climate change impacts. Over the long term, lower emissions will lessen both the magnitude of climate change impacts and the rate at which they appear. ...
... versus lower emissions scenarios. The report shows that choices made about emissions in the next few decades will have far-reaching consequences for climate change impacts. Over the long term, lower emissions will lessen both the magnitude of climate change impacts and the rate at which they appear. ...
Surface Observed Global Land Precipitation Variations during 1900
... the EOF trend is seen as a long-term increase mostly in North America, mid- to high-latitude Eurasia, Argentina, and Australia. The spatial patterns of the trend EOF and the rate of increase are generally consistent with those of the precipitation changes in increasing CO2 GCM experiments. The North ...
... the EOF trend is seen as a long-term increase mostly in North America, mid- to high-latitude Eurasia, Argentina, and Australia. The spatial patterns of the trend EOF and the rate of increase are generally consistent with those of the precipitation changes in increasing CO2 GCM experiments. The North ...
New York City Begins Planning for Climate
... versus lower emissions scenarios. The report shows that choices made about emissions in the next few decades will have far-reaching consequences for climate change impacts. Over the long term, lower emissions will lessen both the magnitude of climate change impacts and the rate at which they appear. ...
... versus lower emissions scenarios. The report shows that choices made about emissions in the next few decades will have far-reaching consequences for climate change impacts. Over the long term, lower emissions will lessen both the magnitude of climate change impacts and the rate at which they appear. ...
How is the stratosphere-troposphere coupling af
... 2.1.2 Stratosphere-troposphere coupling on sub-seasonal time-scale Thompson et al. (2002) found a high correlation between extreme weather events and the strength of the stratospheric polar vortices, hence implying that considering stratospheric anomalies in winter might improve the seasonal weather ...
... 2.1.2 Stratosphere-troposphere coupling on sub-seasonal time-scale Thompson et al. (2002) found a high correlation between extreme weather events and the strength of the stratospheric polar vortices, hence implying that considering stratospheric anomalies in winter might improve the seasonal weather ...
Introduction
... 3.6. Wind, Storms and Hurricanes .................................................................................. 36 3.7. Indirect impacts of climate change ........................................................................... 36 ...
... 3.6. Wind, Storms and Hurricanes .................................................................................. 36 3.7. Indirect impacts of climate change ........................................................................... 36 ...
internists (american college of physicians)
... be emitted in the coming decades or how natural climate variations may affect temperature trends is difficult; however, the National Research Council states that “there are still some uncertainties, and there always will be in understanding a complex system like Earth's climate. Nevertheless, there i ...
... be emitted in the coming decades or how natural climate variations may affect temperature trends is difficult; however, the National Research Council states that “there are still some uncertainties, and there always will be in understanding a complex system like Earth's climate. Nevertheless, there i ...
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Nunavut Setting the
... the Government of Nunavut’s approach to climate change adaptation is comprised of four main areas of focus: Partnership Building, Research and Monitoring, Education and Outreach, and Government Policy and Planning. The strategic objectives detailed within each of the four focus areas sets the direct ...
... the Government of Nunavut’s approach to climate change adaptation is comprised of four main areas of focus: Partnership Building, Research and Monitoring, Education and Outreach, and Government Policy and Planning. The strategic objectives detailed within each of the four focus areas sets the direct ...
Questions and Answers about the Environmental Effects of the
... Observed ozone depletion varies significantly with latitude on the globe. The largest losses occur at the highest southern latitudes as a result of the severe ozone loss over Antarctica that occurs every year during winter and early spring. The next largest ozone losses are observed in the high lati ...
... Observed ozone depletion varies significantly with latitude on the globe. The largest losses occur at the highest southern latitudes as a result of the severe ozone loss over Antarctica that occurs every year during winter and early spring. The next largest ozone losses are observed in the high lati ...
Implications of Climate Change for Development
... But it is important to recognise that the scale of future climate impacts will vary between regions, countries and people. The last 30 years or so has already seen strong advances in many developing countries on income, health and education. Those developing countries that continue to experience rap ...
... But it is important to recognise that the scale of future climate impacts will vary between regions, countries and people. The last 30 years or so has already seen strong advances in many developing countries on income, health and education. Those developing countries that continue to experience rap ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.