Taking Climate Change by Storm: Theorizing Global and Local Policy-Making in
... coordination problems, the science of climate change has a much higher degree of uncertainty. These trends are even more accentuated with respect to the scientific understanding of extreme climate events and the likelihood of political coordination at various scales. The main contribution of this Ar ...
... coordination problems, the science of climate change has a much higher degree of uncertainty. These trends are even more accentuated with respect to the scientific understanding of extreme climate events and the likelihood of political coordination at various scales. The main contribution of this Ar ...
Feedback Dynamics, Sensitivity - Apollo-Gaia
... might amplify the effects of the anthropogenic contribution to climate change. It was well-known that values of climate sensitivity emanating from the world of climate modelling were on the conservative side. No one knew just how conservative they were. The second question addressed the dilemma of t ...
... might amplify the effects of the anthropogenic contribution to climate change. It was well-known that values of climate sensitivity emanating from the world of climate modelling were on the conservative side. No one knew just how conservative they were. The second question addressed the dilemma of t ...
3104 EN
... There is now clear evidence, presented in the 4th Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC1), that humankind is contributing to significant changes in the Earth climate system and these changes are adversely affecting natural ecosystems, humans, communities and ...
... There is now clear evidence, presented in the 4th Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC1), that humankind is contributing to significant changes in the Earth climate system and these changes are adversely affecting natural ecosystems, humans, communities and ...
Feedbacks and mechanisms affecting the global
... each other. Taking the temporal correlation between the annual time series of the mass balances instead of the errors of the modeled mass balances, and calculating the correlation of this temporal mass balance correlation with the distance between the two glaciers, we obtain a value of −0.209. This ...
... each other. Taking the temporal correlation between the annual time series of the mass balances instead of the errors of the modeled mass balances, and calculating the correlation of this temporal mass balance correlation with the distance between the two glaciers, we obtain a value of −0.209. This ...
Introduction to atmospheric aerosols
... High up in the atmosphere is a layer called the stratosphere. Part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs ultraviolet B wavelengths. UVB is known to cause skin cancer; therefore a healthy ozone layer is very important to human health. Many synthetic products once contained chlorine co ...
... High up in the atmosphere is a layer called the stratosphere. Part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs ultraviolet B wavelengths. UVB is known to cause skin cancer; therefore a healthy ozone layer is very important to human health. Many synthetic products once contained chlorine co ...
1.5.5.1 OSPAR climate request - The Quality Status Report 2010
... Maritime Area. Modelling can explore scenarios, but results will be highly uncertain and dependent on model assumptions that cannot be ground-truthed for conditions that have not yet been observed. The difficult task of partitioning causality between oceanographic conditions and other agents for cha ...
... Maritime Area. Modelling can explore scenarios, but results will be highly uncertain and dependent on model assumptions that cannot be ground-truthed for conditions that have not yet been observed. The difficult task of partitioning causality between oceanographic conditions and other agents for cha ...
How does climate change cause extinction?
... extinctions are considered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) [47] to potentially be the result of climate change, either wholly or in part (using the same search criteria as a recent review [9]), and the evidence linking them to climate change is typically very tenuous (se ...
... extinctions are considered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) [47] to potentially be the result of climate change, either wholly or in part (using the same search criteria as a recent review [9]), and the evidence linking them to climate change is typically very tenuous (se ...
Climate change and geomorphological hazards in the eastern
... (a) Future climate patterns in the European Alps Modelled predictions of future climate changes in the European Alps, including spatial and temporal patterns of temperature and precipitation anomalies relative to present conditions, have been undertaken on both continental and regional scales. Follo ...
... (a) Future climate patterns in the European Alps Modelled predictions of future climate changes in the European Alps, including spatial and temporal patterns of temperature and precipitation anomalies relative to present conditions, have been undertaken on both continental and regional scales. Follo ...
Climate change impacts on crop production in Iran`s Zayandeh
... warming can affect water use efficiency differently. For example, the analysis of climate change effects on the terrestrial ecosystems in China suggests that climate change may have different effects on water use efficiency in farm lands in southern regions, and improved water use efficiency can be see ...
... warming can affect water use efficiency differently. For example, the analysis of climate change effects on the terrestrial ecosystems in China suggests that climate change may have different effects on water use efficiency in farm lands in southern regions, and improved water use efficiency can be see ...
How does climate change cause extinction?
... extinctions are considered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) [47] to potentially be the result of climate change, either wholly or in part (using the same search criteria as a recent review [9]), and the evidence linking them to climate change is typically very tenuous (se ...
... extinctions are considered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) [47] to potentially be the result of climate change, either wholly or in part (using the same search criteria as a recent review [9]), and the evidence linking them to climate change is typically very tenuous (se ...
Entire Report - Center for Climate and Energy
... have shifted their distributions in the past in response to changing climates; however, estimates of the rate of warming suggest that it may occur relatively quickly, some 10 times faster than the warming at the end of the recent glacial maximum, for example. It is not known whether species will be ...
... have shifted their distributions in the past in response to changing climates; however, estimates of the rate of warming suggest that it may occur relatively quickly, some 10 times faster than the warming at the end of the recent glacial maximum, for example. It is not known whether species will be ...
Discounting and climate change - a non-marginal policy choice
... capita on a path where greenhouse gas emissions are uncontrolled (i=b where b stands for ‘business-asusual’), resulting in climate change that has a non-marginal effect on consumption per capita and hence utility per capita both through the costs of adaptation and especially through residual impacts ...
... capita on a path where greenhouse gas emissions are uncontrolled (i=b where b stands for ‘business-asusual’), resulting in climate change that has a non-marginal effect on consumption per capita and hence utility per capita both through the costs of adaptation and especially through residual impacts ...
PNC_JHYOO - Pacific Neighborhood Consortium
... Commence research on climate change and application for 2011 - Active recruitment of scientists with specialization on climate change and climate information application - Increased funding for climate change research - more interdisciplinary studies with experts in socioeconomic sectors Develop ...
... Commence research on climate change and application for 2011 - Active recruitment of scientists with specialization on climate change and climate information application - Increased funding for climate change research - more interdisciplinary studies with experts in socioeconomic sectors Develop ...
14 Ecosystem dynamics, harmful algal blooms and
... of biological populations to basin scale forcings such as ENSO, PDO and NAO appear to involve all trophic levels with response times generally increasing with trophic level, organism size and generation time (Francis et al., 1998). Such a pattern is consistent with the ‘bottom-up’ effects of nutrien ...
... of biological populations to basin scale forcings such as ENSO, PDO and NAO appear to involve all trophic levels with response times generally increasing with trophic level, organism size and generation time (Francis et al., 1998). Such a pattern is consistent with the ‘bottom-up’ effects of nutrien ...
Accommodating Climate Change Science
... Second, there is also a change in “statement types” that increases the level of certainty in accommodated science (ibid., 332). Fahnestock uses Aristotle to explain what she means by a “genre shift” in accom modated science. According to Aristotle, rhetoric can be divided into three different class ...
... Second, there is also a change in “statement types” that increases the level of certainty in accommodated science (ibid., 332). Fahnestock uses Aristotle to explain what she means by a “genre shift” in accom modated science. According to Aristotle, rhetoric can be divided into three different class ...
A Critical Analysis of the Kyoto Protocol using Monte Carlo
... 1990 and 2009, found to have been reduced by approximately 18 percent of base year levels. Using IPCC Special Report Emissions Scenarios (SRES) as a practicable baseline for non-mitigation, three distinct intervention scenarios were constructed from target and observed emissions reductions under the ...
... 1990 and 2009, found to have been reduced by approximately 18 percent of base year levels. Using IPCC Special Report Emissions Scenarios (SRES) as a practicable baseline for non-mitigation, three distinct intervention scenarios were constructed from target and observed emissions reductions under the ...
1. dia - The Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern
... projections for Europe The impact of climate change was studied in six sectors: tourism, Mediterranean agriculture, forestry, water and property insurance. ...
... projections for Europe The impact of climate change was studied in six sectors: tourism, Mediterranean agriculture, forestry, water and property insurance. ...
Decadal climate variability and potential predictability in the nordic
... role in decadal and longer-term climate variability because the effect of the annual cycle and month-to-month variability in the atmospheric circulation decays rapidly with depth (Hurrell and Deser 2009). The mechanisms behind the decadal-to-multi-decadal variability are not well understood, but the ...
... role in decadal and longer-term climate variability because the effect of the annual cycle and month-to-month variability in the atmospheric circulation decays rapidly with depth (Hurrell and Deser 2009). The mechanisms behind the decadal-to-multi-decadal variability are not well understood, but the ...
Characterizing postindustrial changes in the ocean carbon cycle in
... 2004). In a global summary of the C∗ results, Sabine et al. (2004) estimate a cumulative uptake of anthropogenic CO2 of 118 ± 19 PgC through 1994, which agrees with an estimate using transit time distributions (Waugh et al., 2006). This represents about 50% of the fossil fuel CO2 emitted to the atm ...
... 2004). In a global summary of the C∗ results, Sabine et al. (2004) estimate a cumulative uptake of anthropogenic CO2 of 118 ± 19 PgC through 1994, which agrees with an estimate using transit time distributions (Waugh et al., 2006). This represents about 50% of the fossil fuel CO2 emitted to the atm ...
View Full Text-PDF - International Journal of Current Research in
... Florets The effect of temperature across florets was similar for all the cultivars. In most cases, low temperature maintained relatively higher grains across florets, although these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.05) (Fig. 2) from the higher temperature. For NIL, the sensitivity ...
... Florets The effect of temperature across florets was similar for all the cultivars. In most cases, low temperature maintained relatively higher grains across florets, although these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.05) (Fig. 2) from the higher temperature. For NIL, the sensitivity ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.