4.3.1. Atmospheric changes - Ensembles RT3
... Most regional climate change information from global models in the last few years originate from the CMIP3 project underlying IPCC (2007). In that project about 20 different coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models were used in a number of different experiments including simulations of th ...
... Most regional climate change information from global models in the last few years originate from the CMIP3 project underlying IPCC (2007). In that project about 20 different coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models were used in a number of different experiments including simulations of th ...
Climate Change - EPA
... 2.1 Climate change and the greenhouse effect Over the last century Australia, along with the rest of the world, has experienced an average warming of about 0.9°C. It is now more than 90% certain that observed increases in global temperature are caused by greenhouse gas emissions. The projected effec ...
... 2.1 Climate change and the greenhouse effect Over the last century Australia, along with the rest of the world, has experienced an average warming of about 0.9°C. It is now more than 90% certain that observed increases in global temperature are caused by greenhouse gas emissions. The projected effec ...
A question of survival
... agreement and achieving the internationally agreed goal of keeping the global temperature rise below 2°C, all countries are expected to submit their climate action plans, including emissions reduction targets for the post-2020 period, well ahead of the Paris conference. These are known as Intended N ...
... agreement and achieving the internationally agreed goal of keeping the global temperature rise below 2°C, all countries are expected to submit their climate action plans, including emissions reduction targets for the post-2020 period, well ahead of the Paris conference. These are known as Intended N ...
Climate Change - National Wildlife Federation
... Scientists predict that thermal expansion of the oceans and rapid melting of sea ice and glaciers, as a result of global warming, will cause sea levels to rise by 6 to 37 inches by the year 2100. At the upper range of scientific projections, sea level rise may cause some reefs to fall below what is ...
... Scientists predict that thermal expansion of the oceans and rapid melting of sea ice and glaciers, as a result of global warming, will cause sea levels to rise by 6 to 37 inches by the year 2100. At the upper range of scientific projections, sea level rise may cause some reefs to fall below what is ...
1) Bad Ideas - CBC Ombudsman - Radio
... qualify as greenhouse gases—or that greenhouse gases (GHGs) exert any such effect. GHGs trap (absorb and re-radiate) heat, warming the earth. More GHGs, more warming. What is so hard to understand about that? Without GHGs, the planet would be too cold to sustain life. If GHGs increase, what could th ...
... qualify as greenhouse gases—or that greenhouse gases (GHGs) exert any such effect. GHGs trap (absorb and re-radiate) heat, warming the earth. More GHGs, more warming. What is so hard to understand about that? Without GHGs, the planet would be too cold to sustain life. If GHGs increase, what could th ...
Air pollution, climate change and ozone loss
... Global sea levels could rise by more than 20 feet with the loss of shelf ice in Greenland and Antarctica, devastating coastal areas worldwide. Heat waves will be more frequent and more intense Droughts and wildfires will occur more often The Arctic Ocean could be ice free in summer by 2050 ...
... Global sea levels could rise by more than 20 feet with the loss of shelf ice in Greenland and Antarctica, devastating coastal areas worldwide. Heat waves will be more frequent and more intense Droughts and wildfires will occur more often The Arctic Ocean could be ice free in summer by 2050 ...
world development report 2010: Development and Climate Change
... Note: Estimates are based on 40 million SUVs (sports utility vehicles) in the United States traveling a total of 480 billion miles (assuming 12,000 miles a car) a year. With average fuel efficiency of 18 miles a gallon, the SUV fleet consumes 27 billion gallons of gasoline annually with emissions of ...
... Note: Estimates are based on 40 million SUVs (sports utility vehicles) in the United States traveling a total of 480 billion miles (assuming 12,000 miles a car) a year. With average fuel efficiency of 18 miles a gallon, the SUV fleet consumes 27 billion gallons of gasoline annually with emissions of ...
Projected changes in temperature and heating degree
... 1950 to 2005. Significance levels for 95% and 99% are 0.264 and 0.343, respectively MAM: March-May, JJA: June-August, SON: September to November and DJF: December to February. .................................................................................. 10 Figure 9: Interannual variations of th ...
... 1950 to 2005. Significance levels for 95% and 99% are 0.264 and 0.343, respectively MAM: March-May, JJA: June-August, SON: September to November and DJF: December to February. .................................................................................. 10 Figure 9: Interannual variations of th ...
Feedbacks and climate sensitivity
... The relative importance of two different feedbacks must be evaluated relative to the same reference system. There is a danger is comparing separate studies where only one piece of physics has been isolated. ...
... The relative importance of two different feedbacks must be evaluated relative to the same reference system. There is a danger is comparing separate studies where only one piece of physics has been isolated. ...
Climate Change Politics and Policy
... To do well in this course, it is essential that you write well and use the literature we’ve read as a foundation for your arguments. The guidelines below spell out the main evaluation criteria for writing, posting and participating in this class. Writing assignments, class participation and Blackboa ...
... To do well in this course, it is essential that you write well and use the literature we’ve read as a foundation for your arguments. The guidelines below spell out the main evaluation criteria for writing, posting and participating in this class. Writing assignments, class participation and Blackboa ...
Global and regional drought dynamics in the climate warming era
... human health and enhanced considerably the death rate in Russia. 6. Drought trends in the warmest decade A few unusual droughts have already occurred during the warmest period after 2000. They covered large area, were long, severe and frequent and had enormous impacts on economy, environment and hum ...
... human health and enhanced considerably the death rate in Russia. 6. Drought trends in the warmest decade A few unusual droughts have already occurred during the warmest period after 2000. They covered large area, were long, severe and frequent and had enormous impacts on economy, environment and hum ...
Israel`s report to the UNFCCC on climate change, 2000
... the rate of climate change during the last century seems to be faster than any changes that occurred over the past 10,000 years (Houghton et al. 1990), strongly implying an anthropogenic effect. General Circulation Models (GCMs) are the state-of-the-art tool for reconstructing changes in climate sin ...
... the rate of climate change during the last century seems to be faster than any changes that occurred over the past 10,000 years (Houghton et al. 1990), strongly implying an anthropogenic effect. General Circulation Models (GCMs) are the state-of-the-art tool for reconstructing changes in climate sin ...
Using climate information to support crop breeding decisions and
... Population growth in the next few decades will increase the need for food production, while the yields of major food crops could be impacted by the changing climate and changing threats from pests and pathogens. Crop breeding, both through conventional techniques, and GM assisted breeding could help ...
... Population growth in the next few decades will increase the need for food production, while the yields of major food crops could be impacted by the changing climate and changing threats from pests and pathogens. Crop breeding, both through conventional techniques, and GM assisted breeding could help ...
Managing the business risks and opportunities of a changing climate
... them. Consider looking backward to identify the business impacts of past climate-related events — has your company taken a hit due to a storm, drought, unusually hot or cold season or different precipitation levels? Keep in mind that this is a starting point and is not predictive of future impacts. ...
... them. Consider looking backward to identify the business impacts of past climate-related events — has your company taken a hit due to a storm, drought, unusually hot or cold season or different precipitation levels? Keep in mind that this is a starting point and is not predictive of future impacts. ...
Tambora 1815 as a test case for high impact volcanic eruptions
... The eruption of Tambora (Indonesia) in April 1815 had substantial effects on global climate and led to the ‘Year Without a Summer’ of 1816 in Europe and North America. Although a tragic event—tens of thousands of people lost their lives—the eruption also was an ‘experiment of nature’ from which scie ...
... The eruption of Tambora (Indonesia) in April 1815 had substantial effects on global climate and led to the ‘Year Without a Summer’ of 1816 in Europe and North America. Although a tragic event—tens of thousands of people lost their lives—the eruption also was an ‘experiment of nature’ from which scie ...
Chapter 13 Thermodynamic Feedbacks in the Climate System
... is called a feedback mechanism. A feedback is positive if the process increases the magnitude of the response and negative if the feedback reduces the magnitude of the response. The concepts behind feedbacks as applied to climate change are derived from concepts in control theory that were first dev ...
... is called a feedback mechanism. A feedback is positive if the process increases the magnitude of the response and negative if the feedback reduces the magnitude of the response. The concepts behind feedbacks as applied to climate change are derived from concepts in control theory that were first dev ...
O b s e rved Impacts climate change in the U.S.
... then they may not re p resent a threat to long-term species and ecosystem health. If, however, they are linked to anthropogenic climate change, they will continue along the same path. Thus, it is essential to address the extent to which the U.S. climate change responsible for observed ecological res ...
... then they may not re p resent a threat to long-term species and ecosystem health. If, however, they are linked to anthropogenic climate change, they will continue along the same path. Thus, it is essential to address the extent to which the U.S. climate change responsible for observed ecological res ...
PDF-B Document - Global Environment Facility
... The UNFCCC and Systematic Observation. The potential problems associated with global climate change are now widely recognized. The UNFCCC was negotiated in 1992 because countries were "concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas ...
... The UNFCCC and Systematic Observation. The potential problems associated with global climate change are now widely recognized. The UNFCCC was negotiated in 1992 because countries were "concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas ...
Recent and future warm extreme events and high
... University of Bern, Switzerland 5 Geology Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA 6 Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA 7 US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center—Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK, USA 2 Department ...
... University of Bern, Switzerland 5 Geology Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA 6 Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA 7 US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center—Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK, USA 2 Department ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... Robock et al., 2008; Lenton and Vaughan, 2009] show that with sufficient stratospheric sulfate aerosol loading, backscattered insolation will cool Earth. The amount of cooling depends on the amount of aerosols and how long the aerosol cloud is maintained in the stratosphere. Many negative impacts of ...
... Robock et al., 2008; Lenton and Vaughan, 2009] show that with sufficient stratospheric sulfate aerosol loading, backscattered insolation will cool Earth. The amount of cooling depends on the amount of aerosols and how long the aerosol cloud is maintained in the stratosphere. Many negative impacts of ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.