Updating the World on the Latest Climate Science
... those in 1990. Even if global emission rates are stabilized at present-day levels, just 20 more years of emissions would give a 25% probability that warming exceeds 2°C, even with zero emissions after 2030. Every year of delayed action increases the chances of exceeding 2°C warming. Recent global te ...
... those in 1990. Even if global emission rates are stabilized at present-day levels, just 20 more years of emissions would give a 25% probability that warming exceeds 2°C, even with zero emissions after 2030. Every year of delayed action increases the chances of exceeding 2°C warming. Recent global te ...
WhitelyBinder_AdaptToClimateChg_w_notes
... How do we reduce vulnerability? • Reduce the exposure of the system to climate fluctuations or their impacts (e.g., by restricting development in a flood plain) • Reduce the system’s sensitivity (e.g., by requiring homes in the flood plain to be built on stilts • Increase the adaptability of the sy ...
... How do we reduce vulnerability? • Reduce the exposure of the system to climate fluctuations or their impacts (e.g., by restricting development in a flood plain) • Reduce the system’s sensitivity (e.g., by requiring homes in the flood plain to be built on stilts • Increase the adaptability of the sy ...
Mascot Madness - National Wildlife Federation
... Unfortunately, many of the plants and animals that inspired our favorite teams’ names and mascots are facing a losing streak. From the Colorado State University Rams to the University of Maryland Terrapins, climate change is quickly becoming the toughest opponent to the long-term survival of wildlif ...
... Unfortunately, many of the plants and animals that inspired our favorite teams’ names and mascots are facing a losing streak. From the Colorado State University Rams to the University of Maryland Terrapins, climate change is quickly becoming the toughest opponent to the long-term survival of wildlif ...
Climate and carbon cycle models in Integrated Assessment Models
... Figure 2 depicts a highly simplified scheme of the coupled climate-carbon cycle-socioeconomic system as implemented into various IAMs. Some of the most pertinent couplings are identified by red arrows and carbon fluxes indicated in blue. Fossil fuel use and land use change by humans cause atmospheri ...
... Figure 2 depicts a highly simplified scheme of the coupled climate-carbon cycle-socioeconomic system as implemented into various IAMs. Some of the most pertinent couplings are identified by red arrows and carbon fluxes indicated in blue. Fossil fuel use and land use change by humans cause atmospheri ...
Presentation - Regional Policy Briefings
... ODA equate to a significant part of PICs economies (68% of Niue’s 2011/12 budget is ODA, 33% of Samoa’s 2011/12 budget is ODA (loans and grants) 18.6% of ODA is climate change funding and 75% of that is project based) . Hence the need for significant engagement by central line Ministries of financin ...
... ODA equate to a significant part of PICs economies (68% of Niue’s 2011/12 budget is ODA, 33% of Samoa’s 2011/12 budget is ODA (loans and grants) 18.6% of ODA is climate change funding and 75% of that is project based) . Hence the need for significant engagement by central line Ministries of financin ...
Oxford College - Campus | Oxford Learning College
... Gases are more soluble in oceans with lower temperatures, and less soluble in oceans with higher temperatures. Higher temperatures are associated with higher kinetic energy, which causes the mobility of gas molecules to increase as the temperature increases. As a consequence, intermolecular bonds br ...
... Gases are more soluble in oceans with lower temperatures, and less soluble in oceans with higher temperatures. Higher temperatures are associated with higher kinetic energy, which causes the mobility of gas molecules to increase as the temperature increases. As a consequence, intermolecular bonds br ...
Positive feedback between global warming and atmospheric CO2
... temperature in this period. However, results differ depending on the particular temperature reconstruction and the CO2 data used. To explore this further we fitted linear regressions through different reconstructed drops in temperature and CO2 observed between the years 1200 and 1700. Using the high ...
... temperature in this period. However, results differ depending on the particular temperature reconstruction and the CO2 data used. To explore this further we fitted linear regressions through different reconstructed drops in temperature and CO2 observed between the years 1200 and 1700. Using the high ...
Here are some documents that we used for research. Climate
... Who are the climate change deniers? Despite the international scientific community's consensus on climate change, a small number of critics continue to deny that climate change exists or that humans are causing it. Widely known as climate change "skeptics" or "deniers", these individuals are genera ...
... Who are the climate change deniers? Despite the international scientific community's consensus on climate change, a small number of critics continue to deny that climate change exists or that humans are causing it. Widely known as climate change "skeptics" or "deniers", these individuals are genera ...
The Copenhagen Diagnosis - Climate Change Research Centre
... in 1990. Even if global emission rates are stabilized at present-day levels, just 20 more years of emissions would give a 25% probability that warming exceeds 2°C, even with zero emissions after 2030. Every year of delayed action increases the chances of exceeding 2°C warming. Recent global temperat ...
... in 1990. Even if global emission rates are stabilized at present-day levels, just 20 more years of emissions would give a 25% probability that warming exceeds 2°C, even with zero emissions after 2030. Every year of delayed action increases the chances of exceeding 2°C warming. Recent global temperat ...
Study guide - Bullfrog Films
... off and lands in a suitable habitat, it can take hold and establish a new colony. The last way in which corals reproduce is the only form of sexual reproduction, and therefore the only way in which genetic variation from one generation to the next is possible. Sperm from male polyps and eggs from fe ...
... off and lands in a suitable habitat, it can take hold and establish a new colony. The last way in which corals reproduce is the only form of sexual reproduction, and therefore the only way in which genetic variation from one generation to the next is possible. Sperm from male polyps and eggs from fe ...
Prediction markets prove—Dems win now in 2016
... After years of ducking presidential-campaign battles over gun laws out of fear of the powerful gun lobby, it appears that Democrats are finally ready to go on the offensive. Democrats are becoming more and more outspoken about gun violence in the wake of seemingly ever increasing mass shootings, des ...
... After years of ducking presidential-campaign battles over gun laws out of fear of the powerful gun lobby, it appears that Democrats are finally ready to go on the offensive. Democrats are becoming more and more outspoken about gun violence in the wake of seemingly ever increasing mass shootings, des ...
FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL
... reduction of 37% and 43%, based on estimated emission levels of 2.1 GtCO2e (GWP100; IPCC AR5) in 2005. In relation to Brazil’s existing national voluntary commitment, which aims to achieve gross emissions3 of approximately 2 GtCO2e4 in 2020, this iNDC represents an additional gross reduction of app ...
... reduction of 37% and 43%, based on estimated emission levels of 2.1 GtCO2e (GWP100; IPCC AR5) in 2005. In relation to Brazil’s existing national voluntary commitment, which aims to achieve gross emissions3 of approximately 2 GtCO2e4 in 2020, this iNDC represents an additional gross reduction of app ...
Expansion of the world`s deserts due to vegetation
... leads to increased surface albedo, which reduces heat input and moist static energy. Consequently, the subsidence that is typical of these subtropical regions intensifies, leading to reduced moisture convergence and precipitation. This is further amplified by the three processes discussed above. The ...
... leads to increased surface albedo, which reduces heat input and moist static energy. Consequently, the subsidence that is typical of these subtropical regions intensifies, leading to reduced moisture convergence and precipitation. This is further amplified by the three processes discussed above. The ...
Frank Niepold - NSTA Learning Center
... Guiding Principle. Humans can take actions to reduce climate change and its impacts ...
... Guiding Principle. Humans can take actions to reduce climate change and its impacts ...
Heat capacity, time constant, and sensitivity of Earth`s climate system
... Figure 2. Time series of global ocean heat content anomaly (left axis) and global mean surface temperature anomaly (right axis). Global ocean heat content data L300, L700, and L3000, are from Levitus et al. [2005] for ocean depths from the surface to 300, 700, and 3000 m, respectively. For L300 and ...
... Figure 2. Time series of global ocean heat content anomaly (left axis) and global mean surface temperature anomaly (right axis). Global ocean heat content data L300, L700, and L3000, are from Levitus et al. [2005] for ocean depths from the surface to 300, 700, and 3000 m, respectively. For L300 and ...
Climate and water – an African perspective
... perturbations in the climatic driving mechanisms, no attempts were made to establish this linkage. The simple reason was that there were no concurrent climatological measurements at the required space and time resolutions, and no adequate theory linking climatic perturbations directly with the obser ...
... perturbations in the climatic driving mechanisms, no attempts were made to establish this linkage. The simple reason was that there were no concurrent climatological measurements at the required space and time resolutions, and no adequate theory linking climatic perturbations directly with the obser ...
Chapter 7: Interdependent Global Economy
... Social and political decisions in an interdependent global economy Asylum seekers and refugees Asylum seekers are people who look to live in another country because of fear of persecution in their own country Movement of asylum seekers creates significant global migration patterns Impact on so ...
... Social and political decisions in an interdependent global economy Asylum seekers and refugees Asylum seekers are people who look to live in another country because of fear of persecution in their own country Movement of asylum seekers creates significant global migration patterns Impact on so ...
Activity 2.2: Historical Climate Cycles
... activity has not increased during the half-century since 1950. As for cosmic rays, they have been measured since the 1950s and likewise show no long-term trend. The continuing satellite measurements of the solar constant found it cycling within narrow limits, scarcely one part in a thousand. However ...
... activity has not increased during the half-century since 1950. As for cosmic rays, they have been measured since the 1950s and likewise show no long-term trend. The continuing satellite measurements of the solar constant found it cycling within narrow limits, scarcely one part in a thousand. However ...
PDF - AMS Journals - American Meteorological Society
... The DOI for this manuscript is doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0183.1 The final published version of this manuscript will replace the preliminary version at the above DOI once it is available. If you would like to cite this EOR in a separate work, please use the following full ...
... The DOI for this manuscript is doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0183.1 The final published version of this manuscript will replace the preliminary version at the above DOI once it is available. If you would like to cite this EOR in a separate work, please use the following full ...
What to Do? Does Science have a Role?
... • Climate change is real • The costs of unregulated climate change greatly exceed the costs of mitigation • There exist various technologies that, in combination, could limit global warming to acceptable levels (< 20C above pre-industrial) • The estimated costs (-1% to 4% of GDP), although appearing ...
... • Climate change is real • The costs of unregulated climate change greatly exceed the costs of mitigation • There exist various technologies that, in combination, could limit global warming to acceptable levels (< 20C above pre-industrial) • The estimated costs (-1% to 4% of GDP), although appearing ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.