- Harvard University
... ways, in particular by modifying the hydrological cycle and vegetation dynamics. ...
... ways, in particular by modifying the hydrological cycle and vegetation dynamics. ...
Contrasting responses of mean and extreme snowfall to climate
... Figure 2. Multi-model ensemble trends in snowfall (2006 to 2100, units cm year-1 decade-1). Annual (A), SON (B), DJF (C), and MAM (D). Contours of 2-m temperature at intervals of 10 ºC are also shown from the multi-model ensemble for the period 1986-2005. Hatching denotes regions of statistically si ...
... Figure 2. Multi-model ensemble trends in snowfall (2006 to 2100, units cm year-1 decade-1). Annual (A), SON (B), DJF (C), and MAM (D). Contours of 2-m temperature at intervals of 10 ºC are also shown from the multi-model ensemble for the period 1986-2005. Hatching denotes regions of statistically si ...
Equity in climate change treaty
... luxuries that are unavailable to people in developing nations, whereas they view the emissions of poor nations as primarily for basic human needs, such as food, energy, and shelter37 . But environmental politics of large per capita emission in the developed world is often compared against an interes ...
... luxuries that are unavailable to people in developing nations, whereas they view the emissions of poor nations as primarily for basic human needs, such as food, energy, and shelter37 . But environmental politics of large per capita emission in the developed world is often compared against an interes ...
Regional Seminar on Safe, Climate Adaptive and Disaster Resilient
... • The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased. • The globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature data show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C, over the period 1880 ...
... • The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased. • The globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature data show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C, over the period 1880 ...
Working Paper No 4 Kyoto Protocol Dilemma: Better to have a weak
... vehicles that with no pollution or greenhouse gases. And through the FutureGen program, the first full-scale coalfired power plant that is pollution-free and emits no greenhouse gases will be built. These investments achieve both goals of addressing climate change and protecting our economy. ...
... vehicles that with no pollution or greenhouse gases. And through the FutureGen program, the first full-scale coalfired power plant that is pollution-free and emits no greenhouse gases will be built. These investments achieve both goals of addressing climate change and protecting our economy. ...
Climate scientists need to set the record straight
... Fortunately, an effective, nonpolitical response is available to scientists and their professional societies. A recently published Australian study (Lewandowsky et al., 2013)—and a series of studies conducted at research centers in the United States (Maibach et al., 2013; Kotcher et al., 2014)—demons ...
... Fortunately, an effective, nonpolitical response is available to scientists and their professional societies. A recently published Australian study (Lewandowsky et al., 2013)—and a series of studies conducted at research centers in the United States (Maibach et al., 2013; Kotcher et al., 2014)—demons ...
Scientific uncertainty and climate change: Part I. Uncertainty
... spread (i.e., standard deviation). Each panel shows three arbitrary fat-tailed probability density functions of differing spread. In panel A, the mode (labeled Mo) is kept constant as the standard deviation (σ ) increases. This approach might appear appealing because it creates an increasingly fatte ...
... spread (i.e., standard deviation). Each panel shows three arbitrary fat-tailed probability density functions of differing spread. In panel A, the mode (labeled Mo) is kept constant as the standard deviation (σ ) increases. This approach might appear appealing because it creates an increasingly fatte ...
Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... now. Weather is short term and chaotic, largely determined by whatever atmospheric system is moving through at the time, and thus it is increasingly difficult to predict day-to-day changes beyond about two weeks into the future. Climate, on the other hand, is a long-term statistical average of weath ...
... now. Weather is short term and chaotic, largely determined by whatever atmospheric system is moving through at the time, and thus it is increasingly difficult to predict day-to-day changes beyond about two weeks into the future. Climate, on the other hand, is a long-term statistical average of weath ...
Junk to Green Funk
... Regardless of the debate what do we know is happening for sure? Using the paragraphs below, discuss what is already changing. Using a large map, look at which countries appear to be suffering the most. Are they the rich or the poor countries? “Beyond the Heart of the World, the Younger Brother is ch ...
... Regardless of the debate what do we know is happening for sure? Using the paragraphs below, discuss what is already changing. Using a large map, look at which countries appear to be suffering the most. Are they the rich or the poor countries? “Beyond the Heart of the World, the Younger Brother is ch ...
- EERA Network 3
... be placed within the curriculum, how much time we should dedicate for this topic, and the content of lessons related to climate change within chemistry education. Findings showed that, nearly all of the teachers said that climate change is part of their current curriculum and it should be within the ...
... be placed within the curriculum, how much time we should dedicate for this topic, and the content of lessons related to climate change within chemistry education. Findings showed that, nearly all of the teachers said that climate change is part of their current curriculum and it should be within the ...
Global climate change and the Antarctic Treaty system since 2000.
... both working and information papers following developments in climate change modelling and further climate change research. Recent submissions have been made by Argentina, Australia, France, New Zealand, Sweden and the United Kingdom as well as SCAR. This aspect will be returned to in greater detail ...
... both working and information papers following developments in climate change modelling and further climate change research. Recent submissions have been made by Argentina, Australia, France, New Zealand, Sweden and the United Kingdom as well as SCAR. This aspect will be returned to in greater detail ...
Ocean Extremes - A unified marine science community
... and other storm events), coastal currents and extreme temperature events. Also relevant are the physical and biological consequences of extreme events and compound events, which may not be considered not ...
... and other storm events), coastal currents and extreme temperature events. Also relevant are the physical and biological consequences of extreme events and compound events, which may not be considered not ...
Trends - hvonstorch.de
... 1. Consistency of the patterns of model “predictions” and recent trends is found in most seasons. 2. A major exception is precipitation in JJA and SON. 3. The observed trends in precipitation are stronger than the anthropogenic signal suggested by the models. 4. Possible causes: - scenarios inapprop ...
... 1. Consistency of the patterns of model “predictions” and recent trends is found in most seasons. 2. A major exception is precipitation in JJA and SON. 3. The observed trends in precipitation are stronger than the anthropogenic signal suggested by the models. 4. Possible causes: - scenarios inapprop ...
Climate Change - University of Technology Sydney
... So what of Indigenous people? The current debate on climate change and related regulations in Australia, the expected impact on Indigenous communities and what opportunities there may be for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is fragmented and does not have long term governme ...
... So what of Indigenous people? The current debate on climate change and related regulations in Australia, the expected impact on Indigenous communities and what opportunities there may be for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is fragmented and does not have long term governme ...
Optimal Global Dynamic Carbon Abatement
... It is almost a commonplace in the economics of climate change that a good response to the challenges posed by global warming would be a harmonized, global tax on greenhouse gas emissions that increases over time, roughly with the discount rate (e.g. Nordhaus, 2007). Many details of such a proposal a ...
... It is almost a commonplace in the economics of climate change that a good response to the challenges posed by global warming would be a harmonized, global tax on greenhouse gas emissions that increases over time, roughly with the discount rate (e.g. Nordhaus, 2007). Many details of such a proposal a ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.