A preliminary assessment of the impact of climate change on non-life insurance demand in the BRICS economies: Working Paper 63 (379 kB) (opens in new window)
... This is partly due to the challenges in detecting statistically robust trends for rare-events given the short lengths of available data records. ...
... This is partly due to the challenges in detecting statistically robust trends for rare-events given the short lengths of available data records. ...
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... conditions, it is reasonable to expect that it will also be an adaptation to climate change. Thus, with this paper we also provide estimates of the expected impact of future climate change on migration in Ghana and Nigeria. It is important to stress that we are interested in climate — the average of ...
... conditions, it is reasonable to expect that it will also be an adaptation to climate change. Thus, with this paper we also provide estimates of the expected impact of future climate change on migration in Ghana and Nigeria. It is important to stress that we are interested in climate — the average of ...
Impacts of Climate Change on all European islands
... Climate change poses significant risks to many if not all European islands with associated impacts in several key areas including security, migration, and biodiversity. Climate risk is a particular challenge to islands as their pressure absorption capacity and territorial redeployment abilities are ...
... Climate change poses significant risks to many if not all European islands with associated impacts in several key areas including security, migration, and biodiversity. Climate risk is a particular challenge to islands as their pressure absorption capacity and territorial redeployment abilities are ...
UNRIC Library Backgrounder: Climate Change
... ratification by year’s end, at event on entry into force (SG/SM/18103-ENV/DEV/1714-L/T/4455, 21 September 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm18103.doc.htm Congratulating China, United States on joining Paris Climate Change Agreement, Secretary-General calls for all countries to accelerate ra ...
... ratification by year’s end, at event on entry into force (SG/SM/18103-ENV/DEV/1714-L/T/4455, 21 September 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm18103.doc.htm Congratulating China, United States on joining Paris Climate Change Agreement, Secretary-General calls for all countries to accelerate ra ...
Emergence of a midseason period of low floral resources in a
... 1. Shifts in the spatial and temporal patterns of flowering could affect the resources available to pollinators, and such shifts might become more common as climate change progresses. 2. As mid-summer temperatures have warmed, we found that a montane meadow ecosystem in the southern Rocky Mountains o ...
... 1. Shifts in the spatial and temporal patterns of flowering could affect the resources available to pollinators, and such shifts might become more common as climate change progresses. 2. As mid-summer temperatures have warmed, we found that a montane meadow ecosystem in the southern Rocky Mountains o ...
Impact of ocean warming and ocean acidification on marin
... change on the marine environment has generated a new focus on these stressors in order to understand how marine species will respond to ocean change. In contrast to point source pollution, the oceans are experiencing long-term pervasive perturbation due to increased warming and CO2 uptake that has t ...
... change on the marine environment has generated a new focus on these stressors in order to understand how marine species will respond to ocean change. In contrast to point source pollution, the oceans are experiencing long-term pervasive perturbation due to increased warming and CO2 uptake that has t ...
an analysis of factors affecting climate change adaptation strategies
... Changing weather patterns are therefore expected to reduce agricultural yield in most areas by 50 percent as early as 2020. Agricultural production is the most sensitive to climate as its production processes depends heavily on the natural heat for energy and on water for irrigation, which are both ...
... Changing weather patterns are therefore expected to reduce agricultural yield in most areas by 50 percent as early as 2020. Agricultural production is the most sensitive to climate as its production processes depends heavily on the natural heat for energy and on water for irrigation, which are both ...
a prediction market for climate outcomes
... Into this comprehension vacuum has rushed a variety of interest groups that have helped produce a public discourse that has been at times emotional and vitriolic, and at other times puzzlingly apathetic, but rarely constructive and rarely leading to rational policy discussion. Climate scientists, no ...
... Into this comprehension vacuum has rushed a variety of interest groups that have helped produce a public discourse that has been at times emotional and vitriolic, and at other times puzzlingly apathetic, but rarely constructive and rarely leading to rational policy discussion. Climate scientists, no ...
6 Climate change and urban transportation systems
... Transportation can be categorized based on what is being transported, the mode of transportation, and by its regulation and other institutional dimensions. Regarding what is being transported, the three subsectors in transportation – moving passengers, freight, or information – make different demand ...
... Transportation can be categorized based on what is being transported, the mode of transportation, and by its regulation and other institutional dimensions. Regarding what is being transported, the three subsectors in transportation – moving passengers, freight, or information – make different demand ...
A Brewing Storm: The climate change risks to
... (see Box 2), health, and food security.35 Most of the world’s 25 million coffee farmers are smallholders with little capacity to build greater resilience. For most, coffee is their main or only source of income. Whole regional communities are dependent upon their continued viability. In Mexico and C ...
... (see Box 2), health, and food security.35 Most of the world’s 25 million coffee farmers are smallholders with little capacity to build greater resilience. For most, coffee is their main or only source of income. Whole regional communities are dependent upon their continued viability. In Mexico and C ...
third national communication of the russian federation
... anthropogenic climate changes by limiting anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing their removal. Accordingly, measures should be implemented so that the national 2000 level of anthropogenic CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions does not exceed that of the 1990 base year. These policies ...
... anthropogenic climate changes by limiting anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing their removal. Accordingly, measures should be implemented so that the national 2000 level of anthropogenic CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions does not exceed that of the 1990 base year. These policies ...
1 - WordPress.com
... Yet in the redoubts of national capitals and local villages, corporate boardrooms and private homes in both North and South, world leaders and their citizens seem unable to overcome a “crisis of mistrust”6 and work together to avoid this existential threat to human civilization. Opportunities, howe ...
... Yet in the redoubts of national capitals and local villages, corporate boardrooms and private homes in both North and South, world leaders and their citizens seem unable to overcome a “crisis of mistrust”6 and work together to avoid this existential threat to human civilization. Opportunities, howe ...
Full Presentation Zanzibar notes and extrapolation
... • Identify the RESTRAINERS in number 2 above and discuss how you would reduce these restrainers • Identify the DRIVERS in number 3 above and discuss how you would reduce these restrainers Supporting Integrated and Comprehensive Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation in Africa ...
... • Identify the RESTRAINERS in number 2 above and discuss how you would reduce these restrainers • Identify the DRIVERS in number 3 above and discuss how you would reduce these restrainers Supporting Integrated and Comprehensive Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation in Africa ...
Climate Change Impacts and Opportunities for Biodiversity and
... water, agriculture and human health sectors, prepared by State’s technical committees established by the NAP project, consist of experts from line ministries, research, academia and civil societies organizations. In addition there are also recent reports from NAP preparation on climate scenarios and ...
... water, agriculture and human health sectors, prepared by State’s technical committees established by the NAP project, consist of experts from line ministries, research, academia and civil societies organizations. In addition there are also recent reports from NAP preparation on climate scenarios and ...
analysis of land skin temperature using avhrr observations
... globe, because it is a function of soil and vegetation conditions. In general, emissivity is approximately 0.95–0.97 for vegetated areas and 0.8–0.95 for most of the bare soil areas. In addition, evident seasonality is observed at emissivity fields (JL03). Utilizing MODIS-based emissivity in the LST ...
... globe, because it is a function of soil and vegetation conditions. In general, emissivity is approximately 0.95–0.97 for vegetated areas and 0.8–0.95 for most of the bare soil areas. In addition, evident seasonality is observed at emissivity fields (JL03). Utilizing MODIS-based emissivity in the LST ...
My Little COP Pocket Book
... Just like human relationships, there were issues that were involved in the “separation” of the countries. The “South” countries blamed the “North” countries for being supremely responsible for most of the GHG emissions since the Industrial Revolution. So, what did this mean? Well, it meant that the ...
... Just like human relationships, there were issues that were involved in the “separation” of the countries. The “South” countries blamed the “North” countries for being supremely responsible for most of the GHG emissions since the Industrial Revolution. So, what did this mean? Well, it meant that the ...
Climate change profile - SPC Climate Change Projects
... has been a focus of economic development. There are now 22 private, locally-owned construction companies. All road maintenance is performed by locally-owned companies. The Telecommunications Corporation has been privatized as has the Pohnpei Public Utilities Corporation. This has resulted in more re ...
... has been a focus of economic development. There are now 22 private, locally-owned construction companies. All road maintenance is performed by locally-owned companies. The Telecommunications Corporation has been privatized as has the Pohnpei Public Utilities Corporation. This has resulted in more re ...
migratory species and climate change
... by overuse, degradation, fragmentation and loss of total area. In combination, these factors reduce not only ecosystem resilience, but also human options for coping with a changing environment. It is evident that some species and geographic areas are found to be at greater risk than others and ther ...
... by overuse, degradation, fragmentation and loss of total area. In combination, these factors reduce not only ecosystem resilience, but also human options for coping with a changing environment. It is evident that some species and geographic areas are found to be at greater risk than others and ther ...
A Brewing Storm - The Climate Institute
... (see Box 2), health, and food security.35 Most of the world’s 25 million coffee farmers are smallholders with little capacity to build greater resilience. For most, coffee is their main or only source of income. Whole regional communities are dependent upon their continued viability. In Mexico and C ...
... (see Box 2), health, and food security.35 Most of the world’s 25 million coffee farmers are smallholders with little capacity to build greater resilience. For most, coffee is their main or only source of income. Whole regional communities are dependent upon their continued viability. In Mexico and C ...
Mid-Pliocene Westerlies from PlioMIP Simulations
... provides us with a potential guide to understanding the behavior of, and mechanisms involved in, the westerlies in a changing climate. The mid-Pliocene warm period, which occurred approximately 3.3 to 3.0 million years ago, was an interval of relatively warm and stable climate in the Earth’s history ...
... provides us with a potential guide to understanding the behavior of, and mechanisms involved in, the westerlies in a changing climate. The mid-Pliocene warm period, which occurred approximately 3.3 to 3.0 million years ago, was an interval of relatively warm and stable climate in the Earth’s history ...
PARCC Project Training Manual Module 2. Climate data
... by 2100, and up to 1m within about 2-3 centuries, depending on how much GHGs are emitted. ...
... by 2100, and up to 1m within about 2-3 centuries, depending on how much GHGs are emitted. ...
PARCC Project Training Manual 2014 Protected Areas Resilient to Climate Change,
... by 2100, and up to 1m within about 2-3 centuries, depending on how much GHGs are emitted. ...
... by 2100, and up to 1m within about 2-3 centuries, depending on how much GHGs are emitted. ...
Observed and Projected Ecological Response to Climate Change in
... Figure 9. Projected climate changes to the hydrological cycle in the Rocky Mountains and Upper Columbia Basin......................................................................................................................................... 37 Figure 10. Documented terrestrial wildlife respons ...
... Figure 9. Projected climate changes to the hydrological cycle in the Rocky Mountains and Upper Columbia Basin......................................................................................................................................... 37 Figure 10. Documented terrestrial wildlife respons ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.