Working Paper 165 - Dechezlepretre et al 2015 (opens in new window)
... A few recent studies have begun to investigate the impact of the EU ETS on carbon leakage. Martin et al. (2013b) review the ex-post empirical evidence of the impact of the EU ETS on carbon leakage. Although the studies outcomes differ across papers, there is overall no indication that the EU ETS had ...
... A few recent studies have begun to investigate the impact of the EU ETS on carbon leakage. Martin et al. (2013b) review the ex-post empirical evidence of the impact of the EU ETS on carbon leakage. Although the studies outcomes differ across papers, there is overall no indication that the EU ETS had ...
Adaptation Finance - Center For Global Development
... We do not in this paper deal with the amounts of countries’ adaptation funding obligations; we do not promote a structured burden-sharing formula such as with IDA. Nor do we deal with sources of financing beyond tax-based contributions from contributing countries. (One of the main challenges of adap ...
... We do not in this paper deal with the amounts of countries’ adaptation funding obligations; we do not promote a structured burden-sharing formula such as with IDA. Nor do we deal with sources of financing beyond tax-based contributions from contributing countries. (One of the main challenges of adap ...
1 SEIMAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA RESOLUTION
... degrees Celsius − The way ahead for 2020 and beyond. Summary impact assessment”, the most recent research that is currently in progress (Projection of economic impacts of climate change in sectors of the European Union based on bottom-up analysis − PESETA) and is coordinated by the Commission’s Join ...
... degrees Celsius − The way ahead for 2020 and beyond. Summary impact assessment”, the most recent research that is currently in progress (Projection of economic impacts of climate change in sectors of the European Union based on bottom-up analysis − PESETA) and is coordinated by the Commission’s Join ...
Assessing Climate Risks to Low Carbon Urban Projects
... Climate change: Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g, by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to ...
... Climate change: Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g, by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to ...
American Evangelicals and Domestic Versus International Climate
... international and domestic levels. We find considerable support for the theory that evangelical opposition to action on climate change is driven primarily by an aversion to international cooperation. There is relatively little difference, controlling for other factors, between respondents who identi ...
... international and domestic levels. We find considerable support for the theory that evangelical opposition to action on climate change is driven primarily by an aversion to international cooperation. There is relatively little difference, controlling for other factors, between respondents who identi ...
Increasing the influence of LDC climate diplomacy
... Group Climate change disproportionately affects the poorest people in the world. The Climate Change Group works with policy and research partners to redress the balance by helping the poor in low and middle-income countries achieve climate resilience and development. We strive for fair deals for peo ...
... Group Climate change disproportionately affects the poorest people in the world. The Climate Change Group works with policy and research partners to redress the balance by helping the poor in low and middle-income countries achieve climate resilience and development. We strive for fair deals for peo ...
Ethics and Geoengineering: Reviewing the Moral Issues Raised by
... required behavioral changes.35 Technological solutions can often be simpler, quicker, and demand less from people than the large social transformations that might otherwise be required. Without the assistance of technology, combating climate change would demand massive social and behavioral change. ...
... required behavioral changes.35 Technological solutions can often be simpler, quicker, and demand less from people than the large social transformations that might otherwise be required. Without the assistance of technology, combating climate change would demand massive social and behavioral change. ...
AHEAD OF THE STORM…. Preparing Toronto for Climate Change
... animal species (IPCC, 2007). In addition to warmer average temperatures, hot days and heat waves are on the rise. The 2003 European heat wave raised summer temperatures by 3 to 5ºC over most of southern and central Europe, leading to an excess of more than 30,000 deaths (United Nations Environment P ...
... animal species (IPCC, 2007). In addition to warmer average temperatures, hot days and heat waves are on the rise. The 2003 European heat wave raised summer temperatures by 3 to 5ºC over most of southern and central Europe, leading to an excess of more than 30,000 deaths (United Nations Environment P ...
As Goes The Arctic, So Goes The Planet
... areas of the much darker ocean that absorb solar radiation rather than reflecting it. This increased warming alters weather patterns and climate in the northern hemisphere, will likely release additional greenhouse gases from carbon stores frozen in the Arctic permafrost, and may accelerate melting ...
... areas of the much darker ocean that absorb solar radiation rather than reflecting it. This increased warming alters weather patterns and climate in the northern hemisphere, will likely release additional greenhouse gases from carbon stores frozen in the Arctic permafrost, and may accelerate melting ...
Air Quality and Climate Connections - Lamont
... CO2, and that of tropospheric O3 and its precursor methane (CH4) over the past few centuries have exerted a warming influence. In contrast, the net effect of PM (termed “aerosols” in Figure 1, as conventional in climate science) is to cool the planet, although the magnitude is much more uncertain tha ...
... CO2, and that of tropospheric O3 and its precursor methane (CH4) over the past few centuries have exerted a warming influence. In contrast, the net effect of PM (termed “aerosols” in Figure 1, as conventional in climate science) is to cool the planet, although the magnitude is much more uncertain tha ...
Land use planning tools for local adaptation to climate change
... Also entitled general, community or master plans, these documents identify the major social, economic and environmental challenges facing the community and articulate strategies to address them. Official plans are in force for a relatively long period (10 years or longer) with updates required perio ...
... Also entitled general, community or master plans, these documents identify the major social, economic and environmental challenges facing the community and articulate strategies to address them. Official plans are in force for a relatively long period (10 years or longer) with updates required perio ...
Assessment of Climate Variability Impact on Water Resources within
... Global climate change and variability alters hydrologic cycles and regimes within watersheds, adversely impacting ecosystems, water resources, agriculture and environmental sustainability. Understanding and predicting the interactions between the water systems, climate change and land use are priori ...
... Global climate change and variability alters hydrologic cycles and regimes within watersheds, adversely impacting ecosystems, water resources, agriculture and environmental sustainability. Understanding and predicting the interactions between the water systems, climate change and land use are priori ...
Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past
... What are the regional and global patterns of climatic change over the last 1000 years? Accurate answers to these questions are important, both as benchmarks for the 20th century global average warming exhibited by surface thermometer records and as physical constraints for theories or mechanisms of ...
... What are the regional and global patterns of climatic change over the last 1000 years? Accurate answers to these questions are important, both as benchmarks for the 20th century global average warming exhibited by surface thermometer records and as physical constraints for theories or mechanisms of ...
The Carbon Neutral Myth - Offset Indulgences for your Climate Sins
... A necessary starting point for bringing about this change in society is to acknowledge that the ‘business as usual’ scenario cannot continue. This is why the culture of offsets is corrosive to the climate change debate. It presents itself as a way that people can effectively deal with climate change ...
... A necessary starting point for bringing about this change in society is to acknowledge that the ‘business as usual’ scenario cannot continue. This is why the culture of offsets is corrosive to the climate change debate. It presents itself as a way that people can effectively deal with climate change ...
Risk-based assessment of climate change impacts
... reduced confidence in certain key elements in the Atlantic LAB such as: the Arctic-Atlantic linkage including the through flow in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA); proper representation of the major transport conduits (e.g., Labrador Current, Gulf Stream) in the subpolar and subtropical ocean g ...
... reduced confidence in certain key elements in the Atlantic LAB such as: the Arctic-Atlantic linkage including the through flow in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA); proper representation of the major transport conduits (e.g., Labrador Current, Gulf Stream) in the subpolar and subtropical ocean g ...
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial
... However, the simulated glacial state in any one model is sensitive to the boundary conditions used as a starting point for the simulation (Manabe and Broccoli, 1985; Broccoli and Manabe, 1987; Hyde and Peltier, 1993; Justino et al., 2006; Abe-Ouchi et al., 2007; Liu et al., 2009; Pausata et al., 201 ...
... However, the simulated glacial state in any one model is sensitive to the boundary conditions used as a starting point for the simulation (Manabe and Broccoli, 1985; Broccoli and Manabe, 1987; Hyde and Peltier, 1993; Justino et al., 2006; Abe-Ouchi et al., 2007; Liu et al., 2009; Pausata et al., 201 ...
100568 - Climate Change Adaptation NEW CS3.indd
... % probability of degrees Celsius Temperature change, based on a medium emissions scenario, SRES (UKCP09) ...
... % probability of degrees Celsius Temperature change, based on a medium emissions scenario, SRES (UKCP09) ...
263. Cass R. Sunstein, "The Availability Heuristic, Intuitive Cost
... It has become standard to say that with respect to risks, Europe and the United States can be distinguished along a single axis: Europe accepts the Precautionary Principle, and the United States does not. On this view, Europeans attempt to build a “margin of safety” into public decisions, taking car ...
... It has become standard to say that with respect to risks, Europe and the United States can be distinguished along a single axis: Europe accepts the Precautionary Principle, and the United States does not. On this view, Europeans attempt to build a “margin of safety” into public decisions, taking car ...
PDF - World Agroforestry Centre
... (2 897 mm/yr on average) increases by up to almost 10% (i.e. projected to increase between 199 mm to 281 mm). Overall, however, we caution that confidence levels for the precipitation projections of the CIMP5 Earth System Models are still, in general, quite low, with variability among models general ...
... (2 897 mm/yr on average) increases by up to almost 10% (i.e. projected to increase between 199 mm to 281 mm). Overall, however, we caution that confidence levels for the precipitation projections of the CIMP5 Earth System Models are still, in general, quite low, with variability among models general ...
Asymmetric Trends of Daily Maximum and Minimum Temperature
... mum temperature data from southeastern Australia. The IPCC (1990) reported a significant decrease in the The mean monthly maximum and minimum tem- DTRfrom both of these regions. Meanwhile,work from peratures are derived from an average of the daily another data exchange agreement, a bilateral agreem ...
... mum temperature data from southeastern Australia. The IPCC (1990) reported a significant decrease in the The mean monthly maximum and minimum tem- DTRfrom both of these regions. Meanwhile,work from peratures are derived from an average of the daily another data exchange agreement, a bilateral agreem ...
Risk perception and commitment to reduce global climate change in
... Global Climate Change is a reality that has been acknowledged by scientists for several decades. Moreover, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports a clear scientiic view on the current state of the earth´s climate and its potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Altho ...
... Global Climate Change is a reality that has been acknowledged by scientists for several decades. Moreover, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports a clear scientiic view on the current state of the earth´s climate and its potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Altho ...
Carbon and Climate System Coupling on Timescales from
... carbon-climate system over the next several centuries? This exercise is made more difficult because, in many cases, the underlying mechanisms of past carbon-climate variations are not fully deciphered, nor are all processes relevant on the timescales of the anthropogenic climate transient. Intellectu ...
... carbon-climate system over the next several centuries? This exercise is made more difficult because, in many cases, the underlying mechanisms of past carbon-climate variations are not fully deciphered, nor are all processes relevant on the timescales of the anthropogenic climate transient. Intellectu ...
The Nation Ex-Situ: On climate change, deterritorialized nationhood
... form of statehood recognized as consistent with, or a natural extension of, existing international law norms. In supporting this assertion, I do three things: I demonstrate that alternative forms of the state are not novel, and briefly point to examples of entities that provide a precedent. I then i ...
... form of statehood recognized as consistent with, or a natural extension of, existing international law norms. In supporting this assertion, I do three things: I demonstrate that alternative forms of the state are not novel, and briefly point to examples of entities that provide a precedent. I then i ...
Coastal Sea-Level Change Societal Challenge Needs Assessment
... Developing and delivering information to prepare for and adapt to climate and weather extremes, including droughts, floods, heat waves and cold snaps. This needs assessment will focus on challenge 2 on the resilience of coasts to the impacts of sea-level change. The term sea-level change acknowledge ...
... Developing and delivering information to prepare for and adapt to climate and weather extremes, including droughts, floods, heat waves and cold snaps. This needs assessment will focus on challenge 2 on the resilience of coasts to the impacts of sea-level change. The term sea-level change acknowledge ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.