PDF-B Document - Global Environment Facility
... The UNFCCC and Systematic Observation. The potential problems associated with global climate change are now widely recognized. The UNFCCC was negotiated in 1992 because countries were "concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas ...
... The UNFCCC and Systematic Observation. The potential problems associated with global climate change are now widely recognized. The UNFCCC was negotiated in 1992 because countries were "concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas ...
The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the
... deforestation, included in the above net land CO2 sink estimates, were found to decline or remain ...
... deforestation, included in the above net land CO2 sink estimates, were found to decline or remain ...
Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and Carbon
... it been a smooth transition from one vegetation type to another, or have there been abruptchanges and many transitionstates?Has there been a linear decline or an increase in biomass? To complement the "equilibriumsnapshots"provided by the static models and answer these questions, new models have bee ...
... it been a smooth transition from one vegetation type to another, or have there been abruptchanges and many transitionstates?Has there been a linear decline or an increase in biomass? To complement the "equilibriumsnapshots"provided by the static models and answer these questions, new models have bee ...
Earth`s Energy Imbalance and Implications
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001, 2007) reports and by innumerable authors. Although climate change is driven by many climate forcing agents and the climate system also exhibits unforced (chaotic) variability, it is now widely agreed that the strong global warming trend of recen ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001, 2007) reports and by innumerable authors. Although climate change is driven by many climate forcing agents and the climate system also exhibits unforced (chaotic) variability, it is now widely agreed that the strong global warming trend of recen ...
N°20 - AFD
... The morning of interchange was spent first on presentations by representatives of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and the Ministry of Finance (MOF), each of which gave an update on their activities and the relevant role of the ...
... The morning of interchange was spent first on presentations by representatives of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and the Ministry of Finance (MOF), each of which gave an update on their activities and the relevant role of the ...
Climate Impacts on Energy Systems
... There is emerging evidence of variability in climate parameters. Besides trends, intra- and inter-annual climate variations are important for energy planning and operations. Europe and Central Asia (ECA) is the only region with observed large inter-annual temperature variations; up to about 5ºC in w ...
... There is emerging evidence of variability in climate parameters. Besides trends, intra- and inter-annual climate variations are important for energy planning and operations. Europe and Central Asia (ECA) is the only region with observed large inter-annual temperature variations; up to about 5ºC in w ...
Chapter 2: International Legal Approaches: Treaties and Non
... as a number of the agreements discussed in Section C, are all treaties so defined. The countries that agree to a treaty are referred to as “parties” to it. The other three sources bear some mention, though, because they at times have relevance to international legal dialogues regarding climate chang ...
... as a number of the agreements discussed in Section C, are all treaties so defined. The countries that agree to a treaty are referred to as “parties” to it. The other three sources bear some mention, though, because they at times have relevance to international legal dialogues regarding climate chang ...
Preserving the Ocean Circulation
... The UN framework convention on climate change [UNFCCC, 1992] requires a stabilization of greenhouse gases at a level that will “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Which stabilization level for greenhouse gases would avoid dangerous interference and whether this ri ...
... The UN framework convention on climate change [UNFCCC, 1992] requires a stabilization of greenhouse gases at a level that will “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Which stabilization level for greenhouse gases would avoid dangerous interference and whether this ri ...
Development and Climate Change: A Strategic Framework for the
... grow their economies and achieve the MDGs under climate constraints. The adaptation dimension of the climate change agenda, in particular, is directly linked to the WBG’s mission of fighting poverty and will grow in importance. The WBG has accumulated substantial experience in working with developin ...
... grow their economies and achieve the MDGs under climate constraints. The adaptation dimension of the climate change agenda, in particular, is directly linked to the WBG’s mission of fighting poverty and will grow in importance. The WBG has accumulated substantial experience in working with developin ...
iprc climate vol14 no1
... Until recently, the intense public and official interest in climate change in Hawai‘i perhaps was not matched by the activity of the climate research community. The physical science working group contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in ...
... Until recently, the intense public and official interest in climate change in Hawai‘i perhaps was not matched by the activity of the climate research community. The physical science working group contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in ...
the economics of climate change the economics of
... observation has been that the climate is changeable and, to a large extent, unpredictable. To this natural variablity of the climate, recent decades have witnessed the addition of unsettling proof that human activities themselves are effecting changes in the climate with undesireable effects. This i ...
... observation has been that the climate is changeable and, to a large extent, unpredictable. To this natural variablity of the climate, recent decades have witnessed the addition of unsettling proof that human activities themselves are effecting changes in the climate with undesireable effects. This i ...
Changing Risk Perceptions Policy Brief
... perception of direct risks from climate change on a personal level, either to an individual, family, or community. They emphasize the physical impacts of climate change that will affect quality of life, and seek to reframe the climate change risks that the public often perceives as remote, deniable, ...
... perception of direct risks from climate change on a personal level, either to an individual, family, or community. They emphasize the physical impacts of climate change that will affect quality of life, and seek to reframe the climate change risks that the public often perceives as remote, deniable, ...
Climate Change Adaptation Plan – City of Red Deer Part One
... Change Adaptation Plan and build capacity for local climate change planning, implementation and monitoring within their organization. During the 2011 budget, Council approved a special funding request to implement the priority actions of the EMP and specifically noted engaging in the ICLEI program. ...
... Change Adaptation Plan and build capacity for local climate change planning, implementation and monitoring within their organization. During the 2011 budget, Council approved a special funding request to implement the priority actions of the EMP and specifically noted engaging in the ICLEI program. ...
Article - Cerfacs
... probably the most worrying, occur during summer, with for example a decrease in precipitation larger than 20% in ensemble mean over France, at the end of the 21st century using a moderate emission scenario [Christensen et al., 2007]. This decrease in precipitation is accompanied by a large increase ...
... probably the most worrying, occur during summer, with for example a decrease in precipitation larger than 20% in ensemble mean over France, at the end of the 21st century using a moderate emission scenario [Christensen et al., 2007]. This decrease in precipitation is accompanied by a large increase ...
Intended National Determined Contribution (INDC)
... committed to fighting climate change and making its contributions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the context of the new legally binding agreement that will be adopted in December 2015 and will be applicable to all parties. Grenada is committed to a low carbon emission development pathway wh ...
... committed to fighting climate change and making its contributions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the context of the new legally binding agreement that will be adopted in December 2015 and will be applicable to all parties. Grenada is committed to a low carbon emission development pathway wh ...
more
... living in highland areas in the world. Actions are also foreseen to preserve and restore water sources, soils and forests, and protect precious mountain biodiversity… ...
... living in highland areas in the world. Actions are also foreseen to preserve and restore water sources, soils and forests, and protect precious mountain biodiversity… ...
Effect of climate change on the thermal stratification of the baltic sea
... The Baltic Sea is one of the largest brackish waters in the world [377,400 km2 (Sjöberg 1992)] and, although its dynamical features are very close to that of an oceanic basin in many aspects, its low salinity makes it a climatological niche (Stipa 2002; Stipa and Seppälä 2002). This specific feat ...
... The Baltic Sea is one of the largest brackish waters in the world [377,400 km2 (Sjöberg 1992)] and, although its dynamical features are very close to that of an oceanic basin in many aspects, its low salinity makes it a climatological niche (Stipa 2002; Stipa and Seppälä 2002). This specific feat ...
Adaptation policy and practice in densely populated glacier
... Moors et al. 2011; Tariq and van de Giesen 2012). Similarly, the frequency of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Himalayas is reported to have risen in recent decades (Dahal and Hagelman 2011). Thus, although the distinction between strictly climate-induced events and anthropogenic influenc ...
... Moors et al. 2011; Tariq and van de Giesen 2012). Similarly, the frequency of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Himalayas is reported to have risen in recent decades (Dahal and Hagelman 2011). Thus, although the distinction between strictly climate-induced events and anthropogenic influenc ...
Communicating Climate Change through ICT
... and engagement through public and stakeholder participation in deliberative fora such as focus groups, workshops or consensus conferences has been highlighted [6,7]. However, such initiatives are often limited to a small group of citizens, and there is a risk that only specific groups, such as peopl ...
... and engagement through public and stakeholder participation in deliberative fora such as focus groups, workshops or consensus conferences has been highlighted [6,7]. However, such initiatives are often limited to a small group of citizens, and there is a risk that only specific groups, such as peopl ...
Climate Change in Southeast Asia
... The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. Accounts presented here are anecdotal and do not represent comprehensive impacts of ...
... The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. Accounts presented here are anecdotal and do not represent comprehensive impacts of ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PRESERVING THE OCEAN
... The UN framework convention on climate change [UNFCCC, 1992] requires a stabilization of greenhouse gases at a level that will “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Which stabilization level for greenhouse gases would avoid dangerous interference and whether this ri ...
... The UN framework convention on climate change [UNFCCC, 1992] requires a stabilization of greenhouse gases at a level that will “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Which stabilization level for greenhouse gases would avoid dangerous interference and whether this ri ...
Lesson: Concerning Climate- Weather Matters
... us that the Earth's climate has changed many times before. The pre-industrial revolution concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere was 280 parts per million (ppm). As of January 2017, it has reached 405 ppm (http://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/carbon-dioxide/). This amount of CO2 is higher than it has ...
... us that the Earth's climate has changed many times before. The pre-industrial revolution concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere was 280 parts per million (ppm). As of January 2017, it has reached 405 ppm (http://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/carbon-dioxide/). This amount of CO2 is higher than it has ...
Cognitive and Behavioral Challenges in Responding to Climate Change P R
... our time, but it has taken over 20 years for the problem to penetrate the public discourse in even the most superficial manner. While some nations have done better than others, no nation has adequately reduced emissions. No nation has a base of public citizens that are sufficiently socially and poli ...
... our time, but it has taken over 20 years for the problem to penetrate the public discourse in even the most superficial manner. While some nations have done better than others, no nation has adequately reduced emissions. No nation has a base of public citizens that are sufficiently socially and poli ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.