drainage development in a changing environment:overview
... dramatically in the last half century. In the older irrigated lands of the temperate zone groundwater levels have risen to produce waterlogging in many areas. In arid climates this process has caused excessive salinity buildup in crop root zones and created yield reductions or caused land abandonmen ...
... dramatically in the last half century. In the older irrigated lands of the temperate zone groundwater levels have risen to produce waterlogging in many areas. In arid climates this process has caused excessive salinity buildup in crop root zones and created yield reductions or caused land abandonmen ...
Making Climate Data Relevant to Decision Making: The important
... models) outputs focus mostly on changes to temperature and precipitation rather than specific impacts relevant to people; and 3) almost all of the climate change information available is stored in difficult to access formats (e.g. NetCDF Files). Climate models projecting future conditions need to be ...
... models) outputs focus mostly on changes to temperature and precipitation rather than specific impacts relevant to people; and 3) almost all of the climate change information available is stored in difficult to access formats (e.g. NetCDF Files). Climate models projecting future conditions need to be ...
Climate Change and Wetlands: Impacts and Mitigation
... Natural peat-accumulating wetlands (peatlands) are known to be an overall sink for carbon (Gitay et al 2001; Roulet 2000), although CH4 emissions from these ecosystems represent a considerable source of carbon to the atmosphere (Roulet 2000; see below). In a study of the Canadian peatlands, Roulet ( ...
... Natural peat-accumulating wetlands (peatlands) are known to be an overall sink for carbon (Gitay et al 2001; Roulet 2000), although CH4 emissions from these ecosystems represent a considerable source of carbon to the atmosphere (Roulet 2000; see below). In a study of the Canadian peatlands, Roulet ( ...
Seattle Public Library Talk
... Figure 11.12. Temperature and precipitation changes over North America from the 21 MMD-A1B GCM simulations. Top row: Annual mean, DJF and JJA temperature change between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099, averaged over 21 models. Middle row: same as top, but for fractional change in precipitation. Bottom ...
... Figure 11.12. Temperature and precipitation changes over North America from the 21 MMD-A1B GCM simulations. Top row: Annual mean, DJF and JJA temperature change between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099, averaged over 21 models. Middle row: same as top, but for fractional change in precipitation. Bottom ...
unhedgeable risk: how climate change sentiment impacts investment
... 2014). Financial markets, however, could show the impact of risk aggregation much sooner as the effects of climate change will be driven by the projections of likely future impacts, changing regulation, and shifting market sentiment. Therefore, investors should not be deterred from identifying and m ...
... 2014). Financial markets, however, could show the impact of risk aggregation much sooner as the effects of climate change will be driven by the projections of likely future impacts, changing regulation, and shifting market sentiment. Therefore, investors should not be deterred from identifying and m ...
ocean-climate.org - Plateforme Océan et Climat
... seawater is the source of most precipitation. The ocean is much more efficient at storing heat (93% of the excess of energy resulting from the human induced Green House Gases content in the atmosphere) than the continents (3%) and the atmosphere (1%). As a result, the ocean is the slow component of ...
... seawater is the source of most precipitation. The ocean is much more efficient at storing heat (93% of the excess of energy resulting from the human induced Green House Gases content in the atmosphere) than the continents (3%) and the atmosphere (1%). As a result, the ocean is the slow component of ...
Guide to Considering Climate Change in Project Development in
... Since the start of the industrial revolution, human activities have been causing greenhouse gas (GHG) levels in the atmosphere to rapidly increase. These gases help control the earth’s temperature to make it habitable. However, as the graphic below explains, increased levels of GHGs have caused a ...
... Since the start of the industrial revolution, human activities have been causing greenhouse gas (GHG) levels in the atmosphere to rapidly increase. These gases help control the earth’s temperature to make it habitable. However, as the graphic below explains, increased levels of GHGs have caused a ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Broads
... more difficult to compare summer temperatures in the same way. One comparison is that future projected average August temperature would be most similar to the current average maximum temperature. Similarly, projected average January stream temperature will be ...
... more difficult to compare summer temperatures in the same way. One comparison is that future projected average August temperature would be most similar to the current average maximum temperature. Similarly, projected average January stream temperature will be ...
Migration and Climate - International Institute for Sustainable
... of people displaced by shoreline erosion, coastal flooding and agricultural disruption. Since then various analysts have tried to put numbers on future flows of climate migrants (sometimes called “climate refugees”)—the most widely repeated prediction being 200 million by 2050. But repetition d ...
... of people displaced by shoreline erosion, coastal flooding and agricultural disruption. Since then various analysts have tried to put numbers on future flows of climate migrants (sometimes called “climate refugees”)—the most widely repeated prediction being 200 million by 2050. But repetition d ...
Precipitation response of monsoon low
... Large rainfall rates are associated with the LPS, and during the monsoon the LPS produces about half of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall [Yoon and Chen, 2005]. Monsoon LPS can also trigger intense precipitation events in the vicinity of the propagation path [Goswami et al., 2006; Sikka, 2006; Ajay ...
... Large rainfall rates are associated with the LPS, and during the monsoon the LPS produces about half of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall [Yoon and Chen, 2005]. Monsoon LPS can also trigger intense precipitation events in the vicinity of the propagation path [Goswami et al., 2006; Sikka, 2006; Ajay ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Rice Production in Nepal
... magnitude of the climate change and other factors. Increasing temperature will likely directly impact crops by affecting their physiology; it will also indirectly affect crops through changes in the water regime and the increased intensity of pests and diseases (Rosenzweig, 2000; Bale et al., 2002). ...
... magnitude of the climate change and other factors. Increasing temperature will likely directly impact crops by affecting their physiology; it will also indirectly affect crops through changes in the water regime and the increased intensity of pests and diseases (Rosenzweig, 2000; Bale et al., 2002). ...
Safeguarding Washington`s Fish and Wildlife in an Era of Climate
... of ecological systems, from old growth forests and vast arid lands to high alpine habitats and a broad expanse of coastal and freshwater ecosystems, Washington will be affected by climate change in a multitude of ways. Average temperatures in the Pacific Northwest have risen about 0.7º C (1.3º F) ov ...
... of ecological systems, from old growth forests and vast arid lands to high alpine habitats and a broad expanse of coastal and freshwater ecosystems, Washington will be affected by climate change in a multitude of ways. Average temperatures in the Pacific Northwest have risen about 0.7º C (1.3º F) ov ...
The CCPC grew out of the International Council of Local
... such as the liberalisation of energy markets, lack of funding for research on renewable energy and the failure of national governments to prioritise climate politics, can hinder local work to reduce GHGs. Nevertheless, cities take the climate challenge seriously, and there are numerous examples worl ...
... such as the liberalisation of energy markets, lack of funding for research on renewable energy and the failure of national governments to prioritise climate politics, can hinder local work to reduce GHGs. Nevertheless, cities take the climate challenge seriously, and there are numerous examples worl ...
The nature of climate change report
... temperatures have risen, driven by rising greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere . Comparison ...
... temperatures have risen, driven by rising greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere . Comparison ...
Australia - Met Office
... cited supporting literature, were mostly based on global studies. This was to ensure consistency, whilst recognising that this might not always provide enough focus on impacts of most relevance to a particular country. Although time available for the project was short, generally all the material ava ...
... cited supporting literature, were mostly based on global studies. This was to ensure consistency, whilst recognising that this might not always provide enough focus on impacts of most relevance to a particular country. Although time available for the project was short, generally all the material ava ...
Bolivia: Climate change, poverty and adaptation
... during the research for this report reveal the widespread perception from local women and men that the climate is changing in terms of the unpredictability of the rains, the warmer temperatures, and weather extremes. It is not possible to assert for sure that these changes are the result of human-in ...
... during the research for this report reveal the widespread perception from local women and men that the climate is changing in terms of the unpredictability of the rains, the warmer temperatures, and weather extremes. It is not possible to assert for sure that these changes are the result of human-in ...
Protecting People Displaced by Weather
... influence human mobility. Section two examines the current normative frameworks for the treatment and protection of refugees and internally displaced people and explains why they are likely to prove insufficient in protecting those uprooted by climate-related events. Drawing from experience from the ...
... influence human mobility. Section two examines the current normative frameworks for the treatment and protection of refugees and internally displaced people and explains why they are likely to prove insufficient in protecting those uprooted by climate-related events. Drawing from experience from the ...
Climate change and eastern Africa: a review of impact on major crops
... increase in temperature, frequency of cold days, cold nights, and frost have decreased, while frequency of hot days, hot nights, and heat waves have increased. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) projects a continuous increase in global temperature if g ...
... increase in temperature, frequency of cold days, cold nights, and frost have decreased, while frequency of hot days, hot nights, and heat waves have increased. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) projects a continuous increase in global temperature if g ...
Changing climate, changing forests
... and land use change are driving up concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The emissions of these gases, which are accelerating, are trapping heat and altering the Earth’s climate. Our climate shapes our basic living conditions. It controls the growth of agricu ...
... and land use change are driving up concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The emissions of these gases, which are accelerating, are trapping heat and altering the Earth’s climate. Our climate shapes our basic living conditions. It controls the growth of agricu ...
Changing Climate, Changing Forests: The Impacts of Climate Change on
... and land use change are driving up concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The emissions of these gases, which are accelerating, are trapping heat and altering the Earth’s climate. Our climate shapes our basic living conditions. It controls the growth of agricu ...
... and land use change are driving up concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The emissions of these gases, which are accelerating, are trapping heat and altering the Earth’s climate. Our climate shapes our basic living conditions. It controls the growth of agricu ...
Resilient Buffalo Niagara
... During the same period, the number of hydro-meteorological events has also increased from less than 10 per year to more than 340 per year (Center for Research on Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), 2007). Historically, natural climatic variability has been the primary cause of extreme events, but the ...
... During the same period, the number of hydro-meteorological events has also increased from less than 10 per year to more than 340 per year (Center for Research on Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), 2007). Historically, natural climatic variability has been the primary cause of extreme events, but the ...
Integrated Climate Change Strategies for
... is contributing to the ongoing process. Current global changes in the climate system have been linked with unprecedented growth in atmospheric concentration of so-called greenhouse gases (GHG), i.e. carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc. IPCC suggests that growth in concentrations of the three ...
... is contributing to the ongoing process. Current global changes in the climate system have been linked with unprecedented growth in atmospheric concentration of so-called greenhouse gases (GHG), i.e. carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc. IPCC suggests that growth in concentrations of the three ...
Download pdf (5.0 mb)
... 1996a]. The model is sensitive to CO2 concentration because of the responses of NPP and stomatal conductance to CO2 and the differential effects of CO2 on the NPP of C3 and C4 plants. [8] To identify the biome for a given grid cell, the model ranks the tree and nontree PFTs that were calculated for ...
... 1996a]. The model is sensitive to CO2 concentration because of the responses of NPP and stomatal conductance to CO2 and the differential effects of CO2 on the NPP of C3 and C4 plants. [8] To identify the biome for a given grid cell, the model ranks the tree and nontree PFTs that were calculated for ...
'A spaciotemporal analysis of U.S. station temperature trends over the last century
... effects of global warming where they live. Because the background climate variability plays a much larger role on smaller spatial scales than for the global mean [Hawkins and Sutton, 2009], local and regional temperature trends are easily masked by natural temperature fluctuations, and their identific ...
... effects of global warming where they live. Because the background climate variability plays a much larger role on smaller spatial scales than for the global mean [Hawkins and Sutton, 2009], local and regional temperature trends are easily masked by natural temperature fluctuations, and their identific ...
Regional Wastewater Management Plan Sea
... Sea levels are rising globally due to the melting of glaciers and ice sheets and the thermal expansion of ocean water, both of which are driven by overall climate warming. In Massachusetts, these factors are further amplified by the local subsidence of land (Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy ...
... Sea levels are rising globally due to the melting of glaciers and ice sheets and the thermal expansion of ocean water, both of which are driven by overall climate warming. In Massachusetts, these factors are further amplified by the local subsidence of land (Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.