A Climate Change Assessment via Trend Estimation of Certain
... set (1901–2012), it is certain that the surface of almost the entire globe has experienced warming; and accordingly, it is certain that the surface air temperature shows a tendency to increase. It is also certain that the mean sea level is rising on a global scale. Results of the evaluation on the t ...
... set (1901–2012), it is certain that the surface of almost the entire globe has experienced warming; and accordingly, it is certain that the surface air temperature shows a tendency to increase. It is also certain that the mean sea level is rising on a global scale. Results of the evaluation on the t ...
(2003) Weed Management Guide: Orange Hawkweed (Hieracium
... section). Where the extreme range boundaries cannot be modelled using biologically valid climate parameters (for example, the observed range remains substantially smaller than the modelled range), factors other than climate may be restricting the current distribution. These species may have the pote ...
... section). Where the extreme range boundaries cannot be modelled using biologically valid climate parameters (for example, the observed range remains substantially smaller than the modelled range), factors other than climate may be restricting the current distribution. These species may have the pote ...
Pacific Climate Change Finance Assessment Framework (PCCFAF)
... mitigation activities and adaptation activities also impacts the way donors allocate and deliver resources. On the demand side, country-specific definitions of ‘climate change’ will affect how the issue is addressed in policies and plans, how roles and responsibilities are allocated and how funds ar ...
... mitigation activities and adaptation activities also impacts the way donors allocate and deliver resources. On the demand side, country-specific definitions of ‘climate change’ will affect how the issue is addressed in policies and plans, how roles and responsibilities are allocated and how funds ar ...
ece11 Asheim 16688487 en
... SDU departs from DU by placing the additional constraint on social welfare evaluation that no weight be given to present utility if it exceeds future welfare.1 For example, if the future consequences of climate change entail that present wellbeing exceeds that of the future, then SDU takes into acco ...
... SDU departs from DU by placing the additional constraint on social welfare evaluation that no weight be given to present utility if it exceeds future welfare.1 For example, if the future consequences of climate change entail that present wellbeing exceeds that of the future, then SDU takes into acco ...
international legal implications of climate change for the polar
... between Arctic states,7 has led some commentators to suggest that the opportunities and challenges resulting from climate change will lead to conflict within the polar regions.8 However, despite the likely significant environmental impacts of climate change, and the potential indirect consequences o ...
... between Arctic states,7 has led some commentators to suggest that the opportunities and challenges resulting from climate change will lead to conflict within the polar regions.8 However, despite the likely significant environmental impacts of climate change, and the potential indirect consequences o ...
Examining climate-biome - Wildlife Conservation Society Canada
... Fig. 2 illustrates the relative distances (i.e., differences) in climate conditions between all possible pairings of cluster medoids, standardized to a range between zero and one. If the underlying assumption of the analysis holds, these differences in climate conditions provide a meaningful estimat ...
... Fig. 2 illustrates the relative distances (i.e., differences) in climate conditions between all possible pairings of cluster medoids, standardized to a range between zero and one. If the underlying assumption of the analysis holds, these differences in climate conditions provide a meaningful estimat ...
Gender and CO2 info_accepted
... change is temporarily and geographically distant (Swim et al., 2009). In general, this reduces concern and action. However, altruistic tendencies might reduce this negative psychological impact. Women have been found to be more altruistic, which is argued to be due to social factors relating to thei ...
... change is temporarily and geographically distant (Swim et al., 2009). In general, this reduces concern and action. However, altruistic tendencies might reduce this negative psychological impact. Women have been found to be more altruistic, which is argued to be due to social factors relating to thei ...
Future Changes in Drought Characteristics over Southern South
... obtained through the GPCC database, it appears that the CMIP5 ensemble subestimate drought frequencies over most of the study area (Figure 2(a)), mainly in the regions where drought frequency is low. The areas of subestimation in drought frequency are in concordance with areas with an overestimation ...
... obtained through the GPCC database, it appears that the CMIP5 ensemble subestimate drought frequencies over most of the study area (Figure 2(a)), mainly in the regions where drought frequency is low. The areas of subestimation in drought frequency are in concordance with areas with an overestimation ...
teaching manual - Live and Learn
... The combination of the probability of an event and the scale of it’s negative consequences. Disaster risks are the potential disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a particular community or a society over some specified future time period. ...
... The combination of the probability of an event and the scale of it’s negative consequences. Disaster risks are the potential disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a particular community or a society over some specified future time period. ...
Department of Defense Natural Resources Program Fall 2015
... informed planning and management decisions has not been consistently collected and reported to the enterprise level. Examples include the cause, length, and impact of weatherrelated disruptions, the cost of recovery, and the impact to Army operations. This data, combined with climate projections, co ...
... informed planning and management decisions has not been consistently collected and reported to the enterprise level. Examples include the cause, length, and impact of weatherrelated disruptions, the cost of recovery, and the impact to Army operations. This data, combined with climate projections, co ...
Hydroclimatic changes and drivers in the Sava River Catchment and
... changes and identification of the causes and possible longterm consequences of changing water resources. Water conditions in the world’s land areas interact constantly with natural and anthropogenic climate change (Hamlet and Lettenmaier 1999; Christensen et al. 2004; Nilsson et al. 2005; Seneviratn ...
... changes and identification of the causes and possible longterm consequences of changing water resources. Water conditions in the world’s land areas interact constantly with natural and anthropogenic climate change (Hamlet and Lettenmaier 1999; Christensen et al. 2004; Nilsson et al. 2005; Seneviratn ...
Potential Impacts Of Climate Change On Tourism
... rising at the rate of 8-10mm/yr and some beaches have been retreating at the rate of 2 m/yr (L. Nurse, Phd, 2001). In Recife Brazil, tide gauges recorded sea-level rise of 5.6mm/year between 1946 and 1988 (Viner and Agnew, 1999). The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicates that g ...
... rising at the rate of 8-10mm/yr and some beaches have been retreating at the rate of 2 m/yr (L. Nurse, Phd, 2001). In Recife Brazil, tide gauges recorded sea-level rise of 5.6mm/year between 1946 and 1988 (Viner and Agnew, 1999). The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicates that g ...
National Park Service - Montana State University
... declines in snowpack, earlier spring snowmelt, and reduced late-summer flows. While projections for future precipitation are less certain, increased precipitation is unlikely to offset increased evapotranspiration associated with even modest warming (e.g., 1–2˚C), particularly during the summer. Con ...
... declines in snowpack, earlier spring snowmelt, and reduced late-summer flows. While projections for future precipitation are less certain, increased precipitation is unlikely to offset increased evapotranspiration associated with even modest warming (e.g., 1–2˚C), particularly during the summer. Con ...
Adapting to Climate Change: Natural Resource Management and
... Today, there are two main disciplines concerned with human vulnerability to climate extremes – those of climate change and disaster management. In turn, these disciplines employ two distinct approaches to the issue of vulnerability. The climate change arena – broadly speaking, the United Nations Fra ...
... Today, there are two main disciplines concerned with human vulnerability to climate extremes – those of climate change and disaster management. In turn, these disciplines employ two distinct approaches to the issue of vulnerability. The climate change arena – broadly speaking, the United Nations Fra ...
Climate Change, Public Health and Health Inequalities
... in England.5 We know people die in extremes of temperature – yet we seem unprepared when it happens. There is a 1 in 40 chance that by 2012, southern England will have a severe heatwave which could again cause up to 10,000 heat related deaths.6 A wide variety of people are at risk, but particularly ...
... in England.5 We know people die in extremes of temperature – yet we seem unprepared when it happens. There is a 1 in 40 chance that by 2012, southern England will have a severe heatwave which could again cause up to 10,000 heat related deaths.6 A wide variety of people are at risk, but particularly ...
CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS: AN
... Figure 1 depicts hypothetical trajectories for the level of climate-related impacts (caused by anthropogenic climate change as well as natural variability) on a climate-sensitive system. The lowest trajectory denotes the (unrealistic) reference case of an undisturbed climate where variations in the ...
... Figure 1 depicts hypothetical trajectories for the level of climate-related impacts (caused by anthropogenic climate change as well as natural variability) on a climate-sensitive system. The lowest trajectory denotes the (unrealistic) reference case of an undisturbed climate where variations in the ...
chisoro elizabeth - Midlands State University
... parts of the word. In view of climate change and gender it can be noted that it has contributed immensely to change in carrying out of masculine livelihood strategies by men in rural communities. This is so because most men are usually bread winners of families, and the effects are more pronounced i ...
... parts of the word. In view of climate change and gender it can be noted that it has contributed immensely to change in carrying out of masculine livelihood strategies by men in rural communities. This is so because most men are usually bread winners of families, and the effects are more pronounced i ...
Antarctic climate change and the environment: an update
... the atmosphere have ranged from ∼3000 ppm (parts per million) in the early Cretaceous 130 million years ago (Ma) to ∼1000 ppm in the late Cretaceous (at 70 Ma) and early Cainozoic (at 45 Ma), leading to global temperatures 6◦ or 7◦ C warmer than present. These high CO2 levels were products of Earth’ ...
... the atmosphere have ranged from ∼3000 ppm (parts per million) in the early Cretaceous 130 million years ago (Ma) to ∼1000 ppm in the late Cretaceous (at 70 Ma) and early Cainozoic (at 45 Ma), leading to global temperatures 6◦ or 7◦ C warmer than present. These high CO2 levels were products of Earth’ ...
Bureaucratic Land Rush - Global Public Policy Institute
... economic development model in order to secure long-term sustainability of economic growth, social stability, and political legitimacy. Without a doubt, altered national interests lie at the core of China’s changing attitude towards climate policies and there is much to be said about the evolution of ...
... economic development model in order to secure long-term sustainability of economic growth, social stability, and political legitimacy. Without a doubt, altered national interests lie at the core of China’s changing attitude towards climate policies and there is much to be said about the evolution of ...
Strengthening of the hydrological cycle in future scenarios
... diffusion parameterization is performed through the boundary layer. To obtain flux conservation at the interface, in the C-ESM model the coupling between SILVA and ECHAM5 is achieved by means of a fully implicit coupling numerical scheme for the energy and water fluxes. This scheme has been implemen ...
... diffusion parameterization is performed through the boundary layer. To obtain flux conservation at the interface, in the C-ESM model the coupling between SILVA and ECHAM5 is achieved by means of a fully implicit coupling numerical scheme for the energy and water fluxes. This scheme has been implemen ...
Central Bedfordshire Climate Change Adaptation Evidence Base
... Conservative projections estimate that a 1-in-20 year hottest day is expected to become a 1-in-2 year event by the end of the century Longer dry periods will be accompanied by heavier rains. Comparable projections indicate that a 1-in-20 year rainfall is likely to become a 1-in-5 to 1-in-15 year e ...
... Conservative projections estimate that a 1-in-20 year hottest day is expected to become a 1-in-2 year event by the end of the century Longer dry periods will be accompanied by heavier rains. Comparable projections indicate that a 1-in-20 year rainfall is likely to become a 1-in-5 to 1-in-15 year e ...
Articulating Climate Justice in Copenhagen: Antagonism, the
... constellation of events beyond and before Copenhagen. The first use of the term was in a 1999 report appearing on a website4 followed by a November 2000 Amsterdam conference of the National Committee for Sustainable Development (NCDO) of the Netherlands, during the COP6 Climate Change negotiations.5 ...
... constellation of events beyond and before Copenhagen. The first use of the term was in a 1999 report appearing on a website4 followed by a November 2000 Amsterdam conference of the National Committee for Sustainable Development (NCDO) of the Netherlands, during the COP6 Climate Change negotiations.5 ...
Seattle Public Library Talk
... Figure 11.12. Temperature and precipitation changes over North America from the 21 MMD-A1B GCM simulations. Top row: Annual mean, DJF and JJA temperature change between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099, averaged over 21 models. Middle row: same as top, but for fractional change in precipitation. Bottom ...
... Figure 11.12. Temperature and precipitation changes over North America from the 21 MMD-A1B GCM simulations. Top row: Annual mean, DJF and JJA temperature change between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099, averaged over 21 models. Middle row: same as top, but for fractional change in precipitation. Bottom ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.