Intensification of winter transatlantic aviation turbulence in response
... and European sectors in reanalysis data17 . However, changes in the amount and type of assimilated data may partly account for these trends. In addition, moderate-or-greater upper-level turbulence has been found to increase over the period 1994–2005 in pilot reports in the United States23 . However, ...
... and European sectors in reanalysis data17 . However, changes in the amount and type of assimilated data may partly account for these trends. In addition, moderate-or-greater upper-level turbulence has been found to increase over the period 1994–2005 in pilot reports in the United States23 . However, ...
National Climate Change Adaptation Framework
... avoid or reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and take advantage of any positive impacts. For Ireland, it is important to be able to build on positive opportunities that may be presented to respond effectively to reduce any negative impacts and to prepare for longer term consequences. The In ...
... avoid or reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and take advantage of any positive impacts. For Ireland, it is important to be able to build on positive opportunities that may be presented to respond effectively to reduce any negative impacts and to prepare for longer term consequences. The In ...
Volume 25, Nº1, 2011
... expected impacts of climate change. Recent studies by Speranza (2010) suggest that the observed impact of climate change in SSA is increased variability, , both decreases and increases, in rainfall and temperature. No clear spatial or temporal patterns are discernible, but rainfall amount is predict ...
... expected impacts of climate change. Recent studies by Speranza (2010) suggest that the observed impact of climate change in SSA is increased variability, , both decreases and increases, in rainfall and temperature. No clear spatial or temporal patterns are discernible, but rainfall amount is predict ...
National Climate Change Adaptation Framework
... avoid or reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and take advantage of any positive impacts. For Ireland, it is important to be able to build on positive opportunities that may be presented to respond effectively to reduce any negative impacts and to prepare for longer term consequences. The In ...
... avoid or reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and take advantage of any positive impacts. For Ireland, it is important to be able to build on positive opportunities that may be presented to respond effectively to reduce any negative impacts and to prepare for longer term consequences. The In ...
Evaluation of FAO's contribution to climate change adaptation and mitigation
... within FAO of what constitutes an intervention for CCAM and what does not. A wide range of measures exist, including various emergency response measures to climate-related disasters, DRR interventions, and those targeted or contributing to or indirectly supporting climate change adaptation. The eval ...
... within FAO of what constitutes an intervention for CCAM and what does not. A wide range of measures exist, including various emergency response measures to climate-related disasters, DRR interventions, and those targeted or contributing to or indirectly supporting climate change adaptation. The eval ...
Desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol interactions
... Anthropogenic and natural aerosols represent an additional process that has not yet been fully incorporated into coupled carbon-climate models. Aerosols are solids or liquids suspended in the atmosphere. They interfere with incoming and outgoing radiation, and potentially impact cloud formation (e.g ...
... Anthropogenic and natural aerosols represent an additional process that has not yet been fully incorporated into coupled carbon-climate models. Aerosols are solids or liquids suspended in the atmosphere. They interfere with incoming and outgoing radiation, and potentially impact cloud formation (e.g ...
RPS-Report template (standard) - University of Technology Sydney
... This guidance manual has been prepared by Dr Jane Inglis and Stella Whittaker from RPS, Andrew Dimitriadis from the City of Canada Bay Council (CCBC), and Stefanie Pillora from The Australian Centre of Excellence for Local Government (ACELG). The authors would like to take this opportunity to thank ...
... This guidance manual has been prepared by Dr Jane Inglis and Stella Whittaker from RPS, Andrew Dimitriadis from the City of Canada Bay Council (CCBC), and Stefanie Pillora from The Australian Centre of Excellence for Local Government (ACELG). The authors would like to take this opportunity to thank ...
Climate change and stream temperature projections in the Columbia
... future changes in hydrology – streamflow, surface runoff, snowmelt, groundwater inflow, and lateral soil flow as simulated using global climate projections at the subbasin scale – could critically affect changes in localized stream temperatures, which are of high importance for aquatic species. The ...
... future changes in hydrology – streamflow, surface runoff, snowmelt, groundwater inflow, and lateral soil flow as simulated using global climate projections at the subbasin scale – could critically affect changes in localized stream temperatures, which are of high importance for aquatic species. The ...
Sea-level rise impacts on Africa and the effects of mitigation and
... scenarios and no protection upgrade, the average number of people that experience annual coastal flooding in Africa could increase from 1 million/year in 1990 to 70 million/ year in the 2080s (Nicholls et al. 1999). UN-HABITAT (2008) also suggests that many of the major coastal cities around the con ...
... scenarios and no protection upgrade, the average number of people that experience annual coastal flooding in Africa could increase from 1 million/year in 1990 to 70 million/ year in the 2080s (Nicholls et al. 1999). UN-HABITAT (2008) also suggests that many of the major coastal cities around the con ...
The Longest Conflict - Centre for Policy Development
... to a close – the period from the early 1900s to the present when average temperatures increased less than 1 degree Celsius, and which brought incremental impact. As we finally start to see momentum to address climate change far more robustly, we also enter the second phase, where the average tempera ...
... to a close – the period from the early 1900s to the present when average temperatures increased less than 1 degree Celsius, and which brought incremental impact. As we finally start to see momentum to address climate change far more robustly, we also enter the second phase, where the average tempera ...
Canadian Climate Change Risk Assessment Guide
... The climate is changing in all parts of Canada. It is shown in Annex 1 that the trends observed for the past 40 years, since greenhouse gas forcing became a primary factor affecting climate, in temperature, precipitation and other closely related factors are reasonably good indicators of the trends ...
... The climate is changing in all parts of Canada. It is shown in Annex 1 that the trends observed for the past 40 years, since greenhouse gas forcing became a primary factor affecting climate, in temperature, precipitation and other closely related factors are reasonably good indicators of the trends ...
Permafrost and Changing Climate: The Russian
... years and continues to be a climate-change hot spot (1). The Arctic is extremely vulnerable to projected climate change, with major impacts anticipated in physical, ecological, sociological, and economic factors (2). Many such impacts have already been detected and are likely to continue in the futu ...
... years and continues to be a climate-change hot spot (1). The Arctic is extremely vulnerable to projected climate change, with major impacts anticipated in physical, ecological, sociological, and economic factors (2). Many such impacts have already been detected and are likely to continue in the futu ...
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in the European Union
... The tourist industry has been characterised by spectacular growth in the last half century, increasing from 25 million international tourist arrivals in 1950 to 922 million in 2009 (Figure 6). This corresponds to an annual average global growth rate of 6.8%. By 2020, international tourist arrivals a ...
... The tourist industry has been characterised by spectacular growth in the last half century, increasing from 25 million international tourist arrivals in 1950 to 922 million in 2009 (Figure 6). This corresponds to an annual average global growth rate of 6.8%. By 2020, international tourist arrivals a ...
Climate Factsheets - Public Interest Research Centre
... long-term trend, as Connolley and Pope suggested it might. A decline in both maximum7 and minimum extent (the highest and lowest areas covered by sea ice in a particular year, respectively) can be seen in the long-term trend (see graphic below). The minimum has been dropping at a rate of roughly 13% ...
... long-term trend, as Connolley and Pope suggested it might. A decline in both maximum7 and minimum extent (the highest and lowest areas covered by sea ice in a particular year, respectively) can be seen in the long-term trend (see graphic below). The minimum has been dropping at a rate of roughly 13% ...
I Agree - CLEo - Whitman College
... changes in all sectors of society, including our water supply, public health, physical environment, global and local economy, agriculture, and community well-being. So what exactly is global climate change? Some use the term interchangeably with global warming, but they are fundamentally different. ...
... changes in all sectors of society, including our water supply, public health, physical environment, global and local economy, agriculture, and community well-being. So what exactly is global climate change? Some use the term interchangeably with global warming, but they are fundamentally different. ...
Fluvial responses to climate and sea-level change
... provide a context for observed historical trends and predicted near-future conditions. Second, development of sequence-stratigraphic concepts and methods (e.g. Vail et al., 1977; Jervey, 1988; Posamentier & Vail, 1988; Posamentier et al., 1988) provided a potential unifying framework for much of sed ...
... provide a context for observed historical trends and predicted near-future conditions. Second, development of sequence-stratigraphic concepts and methods (e.g. Vail et al., 1977; Jervey, 1988; Posamentier & Vail, 1988; Posamentier et al., 1988) provided a potential unifying framework for much of sed ...
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE TRANSPORTATION MODES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
... evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of these different methods and makes recommendations for the best methodology to use in forecasting SLR and assessing SLR impacts on transportation infrastructure. The FAU team preparing this report agrees with the guidance of the United States Army Corps o ...
... evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of these different methods and makes recommendations for the best methodology to use in forecasting SLR and assessing SLR impacts on transportation infrastructure. The FAU team preparing this report agrees with the guidance of the United States Army Corps o ...
Come Rain or Shine - Integrating Climate Risk Management into
... changes during the next decades are inevitable (IPCC, 2007a). During the last century, the global climate warmed by about 0.7°C. At the same time, there were distinct changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in both frequency and severity of extreme weather events, and a rise in sea levels. The imp ...
... changes during the next decades are inevitable (IPCC, 2007a). During the last century, the global climate warmed by about 0.7°C. At the same time, there were distinct changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in both frequency and severity of extreme weather events, and a rise in sea levels. The imp ...
Past and projected trends in London`s urban heat island
... thereby promoting higher nocturnal temperatures than in rural areas. Finally, there is anthropogenic heat production from a range of human activities such as space heating, airconditioning, transportation, cooking, and industrial processes. There has been renewed interest in the UHI of London becaus ...
... thereby promoting higher nocturnal temperatures than in rural areas. Finally, there is anthropogenic heat production from a range of human activities such as space heating, airconditioning, transportation, cooking, and industrial processes. There has been renewed interest in the UHI of London becaus ...
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 17 Subject to Final Copyedit
... Both private and public sectors have a role to play in the development and implementation of adaptation measures (high confidence). Economic theory and empirical results show that a degree of adaptation will be autonomously carried out by private parties in response to climate change. However the pr ...
... Both private and public sectors have a role to play in the development and implementation of adaptation measures (high confidence). Economic theory and empirical results show that a degree of adaptation will be autonomously carried out by private parties in response to climate change. However the pr ...
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... and another, dealing with Price Volatility and Food Security. These reports nourished the policy debates at the 37th CFS meeting in October 2011. They were highly commended with reference to their contemporary relevance and feasibility of implementation. At its meeting held in October 2010, the CFS ...
... and another, dealing with Price Volatility and Food Security. These reports nourished the policy debates at the 37th CFS meeting in October 2011. They were highly commended with reference to their contemporary relevance and feasibility of implementation. At its meeting held in October 2010, the CFS ...
The Virgin Islands Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment of the
... APPENDIX 3 - CLIMATE CHANGE GENERAL PUBLIC KAP SURVEY ................................... 260 APPENDIX 4 - INITIAL PLANS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE CANE GARDEN BAY BEACH COMMUNITY ..................................................................................................................... ...
... APPENDIX 3 - CLIMATE CHANGE GENERAL PUBLIC KAP SURVEY ................................... 260 APPENDIX 4 - INITIAL PLANS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE CANE GARDEN BAY BEACH COMMUNITY ..................................................................................................................... ...
2015 Pennsylvania Climate Impacts Assessment Update
... This report is the second update of the original report by the Penn State team. The first update was prepared in 2013 (Ross et al., 2013). The purpose of the updates is to capture advances in the scientific understanding of climate change and climate change impacts, and make use of new data sets, re ...
... This report is the second update of the original report by the Penn State team. The first update was prepared in 2013 (Ross et al., 2013). The purpose of the updates is to capture advances in the scientific understanding of climate change and climate change impacts, and make use of new data sets, re ...
Tracking adaptation and measuring development
... or undermine adaptive capacity at different levels. Longersighted, more context-specific approaches that address changing risk contexts and that allow for flexible responses to uncertain changes in climate and unintended consequences of development interventions are needed for planning, implementing ...
... or undermine adaptive capacity at different levels. Longersighted, more context-specific approaches that address changing risk contexts and that allow for flexible responses to uncertain changes in climate and unintended consequences of development interventions are needed for planning, implementing ...
Modeling dynamics of tundra plant communities on the Yamal
... Arctic tundra at Laborovaya on the Peninsula (67◦ 42 N) to the polar desert at the Krenkel station (80◦ 38 N) on Hayes Island, Franz Josef Land, and consists of study locations along a transect spanning the five arctic bioclimate subzones (figure 1). Yamal soils consist of nutrient poor marine san ...
... Arctic tundra at Laborovaya on the Peninsula (67◦ 42 N) to the polar desert at the Krenkel station (80◦ 38 N) on Hayes Island, Franz Josef Land, and consists of study locations along a transect spanning the five arctic bioclimate subzones (figure 1). Yamal soils consist of nutrient poor marine san ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.